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Advanced methods of endocytosis and exocytosis visualisation on plant cell membrane
Ortmannová, Jitka ; Fendrych, Matyáš (advisor) ; Krtková, Jana (referee)
Endocytosis and exocytosis participate in developmental program of plants.The ability to target exocytic vesicles to particular domains of plasma membrane is crucial for polarization, growth and development. Plasma membrane are recycled via various mechanisms of endocytosis which participates also in establishing plant cell polarity. To extend our knowledge of membrane transport it is essential to observe the activity of its components with high resolution in living cells of intact organisms in real time. Such methods belong mainly into the field of light microscopy and nanoscopy exceeding often diffraction limit (200 nm). Nanoscopic techniques like PALM, STORM, SIM, STED, offer multicoloured visualization of fluorophores and high resolution 3D reconstruction of cellular component. These methods have been used only sporadically in the field of plant biology but there should be no serious obstacles for they employment. The key words: clathrin, difraction limit, endocytosis, exocytosis, exocyst, fluorophore, plant cell, microscopy, resolution
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Early stages of development of terrestrial orchids: the effect of saccharides and phytohormones
Ponert, Jan
Early stages of development of terrestrial orchids: the effect of saccharides and phytohormones Rané fáze vývoje semenáčků teretsrických orchidejí: vliv sacharidů a fytohormonů Jan Ponert Abstract Orchids have very small seeds with only limited contents of reserves. Therefore, in early stages of their development most of them fully depend on nutrition provided by mycorrhizal fungi. Nearly all orchids remain partial mycotrophs during whole life, even after a start of their own photosynthesis. These characteristics make orchids an ideal model for studies of mycorrhizal associations and bring us good opportunity to study different feeding strategies in the single species. This work targets on early developmental stages of orchids and by studying carbohydrate status of both plant and fungus and their sensitivity to different types of phytohormons estimates potential of these signalling compounds to control plant-fungus coordination. Firstly, the capability of selected orchids to utilize different carbohydrates have been tested. Results confirmed their ability to metabolize sucrose, fructose, maltose, raffinose and trehalose. Only low level of utilization have been shown for lactose and mannitol. For the first time it has been shown, that some orchids are able to utilize sorbitol. In contrast, fructose has clear...
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Database thinking development in Context of School Education
Panský, Mikoláš ; Wildová, Radka (advisor) ; Voňková, Hana (referee) ; Merunka, Vojtěch (referee)
The term database thinking is understood as group of Competencies that enables working with Database System. Database thinking development is targeted educational incidence to student with the expected outcome ability working with Database system. Thesis is focused on problematic of purposes, content and methods of database thinking development. Experimental part proposes quantitative metrics for database thinking development. KEYWORDS: Education, Database, Database thinking, Structured Query Language
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Teaching foreign languae to children with learning disabilities
Teriaki, Jana ; Poláčková, Věra (referee) ; Kremličková, Marta (advisor)
Diploma paper primarily targets topic of teaching a foreign language to children with LD (learning disability). It describes basic rules, methods and problems of such teaching and presents examples for practical use. Secondly, the paper is also dedicated to LD's etiology, features, difficulties of various types of LDs (reading disability, writing disability, spelling disability), diagnostics, and shows possibilities of re-education and compensation of LD. It targets English language education and describes software which helps pupils with LD to acquire English speaking and writing abilities. The paper also reflects LD pupil in relationship with school environment. It contains empiric research with hypothesis of insufficient knowledge about LD in wide public. It presents fundamental information in a form of a leaflet (attachment No.1) and a set of a CD and a leaflet (attachment No.2). Their aim is to make this LD topic more popular and to increase knowledge about LD in wide public.
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Analysis of TRAIL-induced apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia cells
Klener, Pavel ; Nečas, Emanuel (advisor) ; Herget, Jan (referee) ; Trka, Jan (referee)
Advanced tumors, including leukemia, represent heterogeneous cell populations evolved from original malignant clones. Chemotherapy of leukemia is often associated with selection of drug-resistant cells followed by progression/relapse of the disease. Implementation of molecules that specifically target leukemia cells with minimal toxicity to normal tissues might significantly improve outcome of leukemia treatment. TRAIL belongs to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand family of cytokines. TRAIL triggers apoptosis in target cells via the receptor-mediated apoptotic pathway. Receptors for TRAIL can be divided into death receptors, TRAILR1/ DR4 , TRAIL-R2/DR5, and decoy receptors, TRAIL-R3/DcR1, TRAIL-R4/DcR2, osteoprotegerin/OPG/TRAIL-R5, based on their ability to transduce apoptotic signal. While normal tissues, including hematopoietic progenitor cells, are resistant to TRAIL-induced apoptosis, TRAIL induces programmed death in many tumor cell lines and primary cells. Various malignant cell lines and primary tumor cells, however, show resistance to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. TRAIL-resistance could represent important limitation for the potential TRAIL anti-tumor therapy. Combined in vitro application of TRAIL with other anti-cancer agents often increased sensitivity or overcame resistance of the tumor cells to...
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Project-based learning in lower secondary school
Vajdečka, Pavol ; Žák, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Kekule, Martina (referee)
My thesis presents a proposal of project teaching in primary schools in physics. Targets on the learning process compared with traditional teaching project teaching. Problems of teaching project is treated as a way of illustration of the potential of innovative educational process. Project awarded to students tasks can be combined with educational methods by which students are driving towards solving complex problems. It supports an individual activity, creativity, mutual communication, responsibility, ability to use ICT resources, and the ability to deepen knowledge of MS Office and ability to present their work before the team. Change of atmosphere and communication in the classroom, students work with a change in a not working together, the results may be evidence of achieving the objectives of the educational process. We can design instruction to help modernize existing schools.
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Studies on NKR-P1A and NKR-P1B receptors expressed in eukaryotic organisms
Ivanova, Lyubina ; Rychlovský, Petr (referee) ; Bezouška, Karel (advisor)
NK (natural killer) cells, with their ability to identify antigens and extraneous substances, available in the organism through various moleculary receptors, are an important component of the immune system. The NKR-P1A and NKR-P1B proteins belong to the lectin receptors of natural killer cells. Primary ligands of lectin receptors comprise terminal oligosaccharides of glycoproteins on the surface of target (e.g. tumor) cells. The interaction between carbohydrate structures on the surface of antigens and their binding partners on NK receptors is followed by triggering the effector function of NK cells against the targets. The NK cells and NK receptors findings and their interactions with ligands are greatly utilized in the treatment of cancer, viral and autoimmune diseases. Heterologous protein production in the eukaryotic organism brings a lot of advantages. Unlike the prokaryotic organism, the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris has the capability of performing many posttranslational modifications resulting in production of biological active protein molecule. Usually, the P. pastoris expression system disposes of high level protein expression and is also generally regarded as being faster, easier, and less expensive to use than expression systems derived from other eukaryotes. In this thesis, I...
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Speech Instruction and the Prevention of Break-downs in Communication Abilities in a Nursery School
Králová, Lucie ; Štěpáníková, Alena (referee) ; Housarová, Blanka (advisor)
This diploma thesis analyzes and compares the legislation frame of pre-primary education within its history from the beginning of institutionalized education of children in our territory. It also introduces the framework of pre-school education and compares the targets and tasks stated for language and speech education, including the program of speech and communication impairments treatment development. The last two chapters describe children speech development theories and preventive training in general. The practice part covers an analysis of questionnaire-based research, which was questioning the kindergarten teachers about their basic and advanced education in field of children speech and communication development, as well as about their cooperation with parents. It also evaluates the current level of children speech abilities. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Strategic analysis of the company
Matoušková, Irena ; Krause, Josef (advisor) ; Holeček, Petr (referee)
This diploma thesis with the topic "Strategic analysis of a company" involves both the analysis of internal processes, sources, abilities and the impact of environment on the business. The construction company Skanska that is analyzed, operates in the area of the Czech and Slovak republic as a holding company with the central in Sweden. The target of this diploma thesis is to give a recommendation for good strategy of this company.
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The business plan for the establishment of limited liability company
Kubátová, Barbora ; Trachta, Václav (advisor) ; Dvořák, Jiří (referee)
The aim of this final written exam is to create the business plan of setting up limited company. Knowledge of economy, financial management and marketing are used for detailed research. This thesis is divided into two parts. The first part contents theoretical knowledge which are connected with the business target and there is also made concrete business plan. The second part is practice and there is concrete business plan which has been put together on the foundation from the previous research. The aim of this thesis was to found out the ability of survive and profitability of the limited company.
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