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The paintings in the cloister of St. Wenceslas Church in the context of wall paintings at the turn of the 16th century in Olomouc
Haragová, Vladěna ; Ottová, Michaela (advisor) ; Royt, Jan (referee)
The first part of the paper deals with the mural paintings on a Christological theme decorating the northern and eastern walls of the High Gothic ambulatory, which is a part of the National cultural monument Přemyslid Castle. Last Judgement, Annunciation, Adoration of the Magi and Adoration of the Shepherds are depicted on the northern side of the cloister. On the opposite wall between the windows there is a representation of two donators. The eastern front of the ambulatory is decorated with scenes depicting the Crucifixion, Lamentation, Resurrection and Christ with the Arma Christi. Paintings are dated successively from the late 15th century to the first two decades of the 16th century. The different dating of paintings, of course, demonstrates various inspirational sources. The study also reflects many recent discoveries that reveal the origins of the decoration of the cloister. These paintings were probably commissioned by members of the Olomouc Chapter, who were in close contact with Humanistic Societas Maierhofiana. Further the paper focuses on the wall paintings in the John the Baptist' Chapel, where the scenes adorn not only the walls, but also the vault of the eastern field. The frescos were probably created between 1493 and 1517 by the hands of several painters.
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The Fugger and their contacts with Hapsburgs in 15th and 16th century
Svačinová, Petra ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Županič, Jan (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to demonstrate the political and financial cooperation between the merchants of the House of Fugger and the rulers of the House of Habsburg, in particular in the second half of the 15th and the first half of the 16th centuries. The thesis examines the relationship between the two houses in the context of general European developments. The thesis describes the arrival of Hans, the first of the Fuggers, to Augsburg in 1367 and then the 'golden age' of the Fugger family under the helm of Jakob Fugger, known as the Rich. This period marked the closest relations between the Fuggers and the Habsburgs, as evidenced by the coronations of Maximilian I and Charles V. Following the death of Jakob, Anton Fugger took over the family business. Although the wealth of the Fugger family peaked in 1546, this period was characterized by a slow dissolution of the partnership with the Habsburgs. At the same time, the Fuggers started an intended retreat from mining and finance and began to move into distance-trade and real estate purchases. Anton was no longer able to maintain the position of 'the Emperor's banker' once attained by his uncle and refused to be just a piece on the chessboard of Habsburg interests. His 'escape to the countryside' was, it seems, a thought-through strategy to...
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The depiction of the gentry in the novels of Zsigmond Móricz
Svobodová, Andrea ; Kolmanová, Simona (advisor) ; Schreierová, Angelika (referee)
In my dissertation I focus on the novels of Zsigmond Móricz that depict a certain social phenomenon known as the gentry. I concentrate on how Zsigmond Móricz portrays the gentry and the members of that class, the heroes of his novels, in the period of crisis of the Dual Monarchy and in the years between the two world wars. I was interested in discovering the view the author takes of the historical context and the reasons for the demise of this social class and associated phenomena, and his view of the gentry's potential for transformation. To obtain an understanding of the topic and the question I am looking at, I first focus on explaining the concept of the gentry and then go on to outline the historical and social context of the period under analysis and the literary context in which Móricz's novels on the gentry emerged. The central part of the study comprises analyses of four of his novels: Kivilágos kivirradtig (Until the Morning Light), Úri muri (The Pleasures of the Gentry), Forró mezők (Incandescent Fields) and Rokonok (Relatives). All four novels were written in the interwar years (1924-1932), the period on which I have chosen to focus in my dissertation. The novels I examine are ones that Hungarian literary history describes as social novels or novels about the gentry, or in other words, novels...
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Bohumil Hrabal, visual arts and film
Khechini, Lamyaa ; Bischofová, Jana (referee) ; Holý, Jiří (advisor)
This paper deals with the formation of Bohumil Hrabal, and its relationship to the avant-garde artistic directions. The author's relationship to visual art is already well known to all: a systematic Hrabal followed and launched the exhibition, displayed the work of artists in their literary works and the like pointed to the importance of art for their work. Therefore, what he wrote, often considered a "writing image", which readers could not read, but before you paint them as paintings. Already in this position, in which the blended interest in literature with a focus on art, see his rooted in the avant-garde thinking. Hrabal wrote mostly short stories. A short story in terms of literary history is like a painting. Regarding Hrabals poetry, it must be stressed that the author nepřebíral no aesthetic or philosophical concepts in their entirety, but chose to assign each of the elements and ideas then after that its transform. Not focus on just one or a few inspirational resources, but borrowed from many pulses. He was influenced by poetism, Surrealism and Dada, but I think the most important and influential of nejprokazatelnější were essentially thoughts of Group 42, although never officially become a member of this group. It was also influenced by Kurt Schwitters's collages and art and graphics program...
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The Chinese Humanistic Photographer Xue Huake
Shan, Xiaohui ; SILVERIO, Robert (advisor) ; KOLÁŘ, Viktor (referee)
Xue Huake is a contemporary Chinese humanistic documentary photographer. Until now he has made many successful photographic projects. He is the founder of the Photography Department at the China Academy of Art and head of the department from its very beginning. He is also a member of the Chinese Educational Photographic Society, Chairman of the Zhejiang Folk Photographic Society and a life member of the Royal Photographic Society with the highest award (Fellowship of the Royal Photographic Society). In recent years, his works have been often exhibited in the well-known galleries and other art institutions in China and abroad. Over the years in the field of photography Professor Xue has received many awards, including: the first Chinese who received the first prize in the International Exhibition of Photography by Epson. The main published books: Photography from Travels, The Mysteries of Light and Shadow, Tibetan Burial, Tibetans, Walk through Old Streets of Hangzhou etc.
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Phylogeny, phylogeography and taxonomy of selected members of the family Bosminidae
Faustová, Markéta ; Sacherová, Veronika (advisor) ; Hudec, Igor (referee) ; Schwenk, Klaus (referee)
Phylogeography, taxonomy, and systematics of chosen members of family Bosminidae Abstract of Ph.D. Thesis MSc Markéta Faustová Supervisors: RNDr. Veronika Sacherová, Ph.D. - Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic Dr. Derek J. Taylor, Ph.D. - New York State University at Buffalo, U.S.A. For their life cycles, phenotypic plasticity, presence of sibling species and worldwide distribution, cladocerans are useful organisms for evolutionary studies with the aim to understand mechanisms of speciation, adaptive radiation, and polymorphism. While members of the genus Daphnia (family Daphniidae) became an iconic model in such studies, members of the family Bosminidae posses comparably interesting set of characteristics that could help to elucidate speciation mechanisms. In particular, members of the genus Eubosmina are known for extreme levels of phenotypic plasticity, especially in the Circumbaltic region, which puzzled the taxonomy and confused relationships of all described morphotypes since the first Eubosmina was described in 1857. The presented thesis explores genetic and morphometrical relationships with the aim to clarify how closely related all the described morphospecies are, to find out if there are some reproductive barriers and how strong these barriers are, how is the present-day structure of...
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Biological activity of plants metabolites. XVIII. Alkaloids of Corydalis yanhusuo W. T. WANG.
Poruba, Martin ; Opletal, Lubomír (advisor) ; Siatka, Tomáš (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology Candidate: Martin Poruba Consultant: Doc. RNDr. Lubomír Opletal, CSc. Title of Thesis: Biological activity of plants metabolites XVIII. Alkaloids of Corydalis yanhusuo W.T.WANG. Cholinesterase inhibitors are the only approved drugs for treating patiens with mild to moderately severe Alzheimer's disease (AD). The cholinergic hypothesis postulates that memory impairment in patiens with AD result from a deficit of cholinergic function in the brain. A decrease of neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) in the brain of patiens with AD appers to be a critical element in producing dementia. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors can restore the level of acetylcholine by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase. In the screening of natural inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase, alkaloid extracts from species of Papaverales have demonstrated important AChE inhibitory activity. The summary extract of alkaloids was prepared from the dry tubers of Corydalis yanhusuo (10,8 kg). The ethanolic extract was fractionated to get weak-, medium and hight-basic alkaloids and chlorides of quarternary bases. From the diethylether fraction (pH 12) of alkaloids were isolated two known alkaloids: palmatine (CAS 3486-67-7) and...
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Czech journalist František Gel
Křenová, Kateřina ; Köpplová, Barbara (advisor) ; Šoltys, Otakar (referee)
This diploma thesis refers about a famous Czech journalist František Gel (his own name was František Feigel) who lived in 1901-1972. After his unfinished studies he wrote for a weekly Soudní síň (Court room) for a while. Then he spent nine years (1924-1933) as a reporter of Lidové noviny, a very important Czech daily newspaper. In 1933 Gel left for Melantrich press. Melantrich at the time was the biggest publishing house in Czechoslovakia. As the World War II started, Gel left for France and became a member of Czech armed forces. While France was occupied by Nazis, he came to Great Britain where he worked as a War correspondent. After WW II he started to work for the Czechoslovak Radio. He became very popular and famous for his Nurenberg processes' reports in 1946 and 1947. Then he broadcasted Bílá kronika (White chronic1es) programme. It referred about the brave and nice things people did to each other. After a year spent in a diplomatics he started to write the well-known radio programmes which popularized science and history. He retired in 1953. Two years later he started to teachjournalism at the Charles University.
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History of Nurses Association
Kramářová, Lenka ; Prošková, Eva (advisor) ; Jurásková, Dana (referee)
v anglickém jazyce: The thesis deals with the history of nurses association in Czechoslovakia, namely, with the first association of graduate nurses existing in the country from its foundation until its termination during the WWII. The introduction focuses on the description of legal foundations and the explanation of the principle of freedom of association. The subsequent historical-theoretical section presents the issue of history of nursing and especially nursing education which significantly influenced all subsequent efforts in the area of nurses association and was closely linked with the activities of the association. A detailed description of the activities of the association and the then applicable rules regarding association in the light of known facts maps the activities of the first organized graduate nurses association using the method of document study. The thesis is based predominantly on primary and secondary sources and other available literary sources. The aim is to provide detailed information on the timeline of the existence of the association, to define the activities of its members and their credit in the foundation of professional association of nurses. The text explains and provides evidence of discrepancies found between archival materials and public documents. Keywords:...
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Isoflavonsynthasa: přítomnost a aktivita v bobovitých a nebobovitých rostlinách
Pičmanová, Martina ; Honys, David (advisor) ; Vaňková, Radomíra (referee)
Isoflavone synthase (IFS; CYP93C) plays a key role in the biosynthesis of the plant secondary metabolites, isoflavonoids. These phenolic compounds, which are well-known for their multiple biological effects, are produced mostly in leguminous plants (family Fabaceae). However, at least 225 of them have also been described in 59 other families, without any knowledge of orthologues to hitherto known IFS genes from legumes (with the single exception of sugar beet - Beta vulgaris, from the family Chenopodiaceae). In view of these facts, this masters thesis has focused on two main objectives: (1) to identify isoflavone synthase genes in selected leguminous and non-leguminous plants exploiting the PCR strategy with degenerate and non-degenerate primers, and (2) to find a system for the verification of the correct function of these genes. Our methodology for the identification of IFS orthologues was successfully demonstrated in the case of two examined legumes - Phaseolus vulgaris L. and Pachyrhizus tuberosus (Lam.) Spreng, in the genomic DNA of which the complete IFS sequences have been newly identified. To design a procedure for ascertaining the correct function of these genes and others once they have been completely described, a pilot study with IFS from Pisum sativum L. (CYP93C18; GenBank number...
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