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Procedural aspects of civil procedure
Ledašilová, Kateřina ; Civínová, Denisa (advisor) ; Klára, Klára (referee)
The main theme of this thesis is the issue of the procedural acts of judicial proceedings (focused mainly on aspects of delays), in the code of civil procedure as part of the legal order of the Czech Republic.
The theoretical part defines the procedural aspects of civil procedure. The main focus is on the delay of court proceedings on the part of the participant and subsequently the defence against delays in the proceedings caused by the court. The thesis contains the statutory documents of the legal order of the Czech Republic. The essential part of the theoretical thesis is the rights for the protection of citizens' rights, which are embedded in the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms and in the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Freedoms. In this section main sources of information were the Code of Civil Procedure, the Civil Code, the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms and other laws that are closely related.
The practical part of this thesis is focused on the issue of the frequency of court proceedings in the divorce rate and, consequently, on the amount of agenda of the court, statistically maintained by the executor of the judicial process, in this case by the District Court of Kolín (i.e.court of first instance). Statistics of divorces involve the years 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015. There are even specific cases from judicial practice.
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Biological methods of monitoring insecticides resistant populations of selected oilseed rape pests
Zdražil, Adam ; Kazda, Jan (advisor) ; Josef, Josef (referee)
The literary part of the thesis describes biology, economic importance and methods of chemical protection against pollen beetle, cabbage seed weevil and cabbage stem flea beetle. The resistance of these pests against zoocides in the Czech republic and in some parts of neighbour European countries is decribed and principles of antiresistance strategies are outlined. Each group of insecticides is describd and their active components are rated in the practical part of the thesis. Findings about pest resistance are summarized - resistance types and mechanisms in particular. Then monitoring of resistent populations of plant pests are described.
New findings concerning the resistance of three oilseed rape pests were acquired using biological methods. For cabage seed weevil six areas were evaluated, for pollen beetle seven and for cabbage stem flea beetle two areas were evaluated. All the evaluated areas are in the Czech republic.
The adult-vial test number 11, nr. 25, nr. 27 accordinng to IRAC methodology and topical aplication test were used to rate the resistance. The efficiency of five pyrethroids (deltamethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, esfenvalerate, etofenprox, tau-fluvalinate, cypermethrin), one organophosphate (chlorpyrifos - cabbage stem flea beetle only) and one oxadiazin (indoxacarb) in different concentrations were rated.
The mortality of the pests was rated 24 hours after active component functioning for pollen beetle and cabbage seed weevil and after 48 hours for cabage stem flea beetle. Then lethal concentration LC50 and LC95 values were assessed.
For ppollen beetle, the resistance against pyrethroids was confirmed with the exception, the effect of neonicotinoids was variable, acetamiprid and thiacloprid showed reduced efficiency in populations of some areas. Assessed populations of cabbage seed weevil and cabbage stem flea beetle were very sensitive to pyrethroids, but neonicotinoids showed insufficient efficiency. The indoxacarb sensitivity of pollen beetle and cabbage stem flea beetle was high.
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Orangutans breeding and factors affecting their reproduction in captivity and in the wild
Kalkušová, Olga ; Kubík, Štěpán (advisor) ; Burešová, Eva (referee)
Information concerning orangutans living in the wild and the issue of their breeding has been summarized within the framework of this thesis. Orangutans in their natural habitats in tropical rainforests of Sumatra and Borneo are not subjected to the same influences as those bred in captivity. Their reproduction thus differs in certain aspects. Reproduction of orangutans in the wild is strongly influenced by their solitary way of life. Females are accompanied only by their young or eventually by other females and according to the studies they seek contact with males only in their period of rut. The contact is then limited to a period of time needed for copulation. One exception to this behaviour may be couples with juvenile males. After birth, the female looks after the young male for up to 8 years, having no rut during this period. The cycle of females living in the wild also shows dependency on the availability of food supply. Negative energy balance during which the cycle stops has been observed during periods of food scarcity. In the following period with abundance of food, the cycle is renewed again. The cycle renewal also occurs in cases when the female loses her young. As a consequence of these reproductive limitations females may give birth to 4 young at maximum in their life.
Guidelines have been drawn up for breeding in zoos which regulate the conditions and suitability of the exhibits so that they meet the orangutans needs. Their natural mental and physical activity is related to their health and natural behaviour. However, despite all efforts the zoos cannot provide the same conditions to the orangutans as those they would have in the wild. The forced increased socialization and contact with other individuals held in captivity may bring stress, stereotype behaviour and associated health problems which are rather frequent with orangutans bred in captivity.
According to the records in the pedigree books, the age of first reproduction and the interval between births were shorter in case of females kept in captivity. Even the keeping of males and females in one exhibit increases the probability of copulation and becoming pregnant. These changes also entail certain risks according to the studies. Breeding in captivity embodies higher mortality rate of young and adult animals. This is probably caused by young age of females at the birth and short intervals between births which are often shorter than 4 years. Females born in captivity also lack experience which they gain in the wild by learning and observing and are not able to take care of their young or refuse it later. Even females that got pregnant between the age of 11 and 14 have been described. However, such pregnancy poses a great risk for females and they die soon after birth or live much shorter. Young orangutans born in captivity were often taken away from their mothers. It is not very suitable on the one side, but on the other side, after having their young taken away from them, the females started a new, full-fledged cycle in a few weeks and could become pregnant again. However, as direct care of the young by humans has a negative effect, the young are often given back to their mothers which is successful in many cases.
Orangutans have been studied for more than 40 years and a lot of things concerning their breeding in captivity have changed during this time. Zoological gardens are trying to provide the orangutans as natural conditions as possible. It is necessary for the exhibits and the enrichment to provide enough physical and mental activities to the orangutans. Despite these efforts, the limited space and the related contacts between individuals may bring stressful situations. These are then manifested in the behaviour and health of the orangutans.
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Trichurids in ruminants from Czech Republic.
Antošová, Tereza ; Langrová, Iva (advisor) ; Ivana, Ivana (referee)
The goal of this paper was to determine rate of presence of whipworms of genus
Trichuris in bodies of selected ruminants (sheep, roe deer) in certain areas and to morphologically state different species of whipworms using molecular revision and professional literature on samples found during helmitological dissections of selected ruminants. Two hypotheses were stated: H1: species that are found in highest volume in case of roe deer and sheep are whipworms Trichuris discolor and Trichuris ovis H2: these whipworms can not be positively distinguished when using morphometrical methods.
Material needed for the study, i.e. the intestines of examined ruminants, was recovered in different areas of Czech Republic. Later were the intestines dissected in a laboratory using standardized procedure and hereby collected samples were analysed.
Based on selected methods it was determined that in roe deer the rate of occurence of Trichuris discolor is much higher compared to that of Trichuris ovis. With sheep the difference between rates of presence is smaller. These results confirm the first hypothesis by showing high rate of presence of whipworms in these hosts. Collected females of genus Trichurids were morphometrically differentiated by their sex and in 4 morphotypes. Following this differentiation, the most present were the females of morphotype M2, those with a vulval opening without an everted vagina. The second hypothesis was also confirmed.
Multihosting species Trichuris discolor and Trichuris ovis are prevalent in the bodies of roe deer and sheep. Thus we can say the roe deer are a potential source of whipworm contamination to sheep breeding. It can not be excluded that sheep are infected by roe deer and vice versa. Molecular determination is a necessary tool for correct assessment of whipworm species, considering the fact that morphological methods may lead to incorrect results.
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Evaluation System for Staff
Vogeltanzová, Alice ; Macák, Tomáš (advisor) ; Jadrná, Monika (referee)
This bachelor paper deals with a choice between two methods of officers rating system used at Municipality of the City of Pilsen,method of rating interview and method of 360 degrees feedback. The theoretical part of this paper defines and explains the basic terms, goals, process and standards of officers rating system. There is detailed description of officers rating methods, especially of two main methods mentioned above. The end of theoretical part deals with rating system implementation, conditions of success and causes and consequences of its failure. The main part of this paper describes Municipality of the City of Pilsen and so far used rating methods. The recomendations are formulated according to the questionnaire survey and its analysis. Further recomendations follows from comparison of two main methods (rating interview and feedback) from the point of view of financial demands and economical benefits. In the final part of this paper the method of manager multicriteria decision is used to choose the most effective rating method. Of all used procedures comes the final recomendation for defined problem solution.
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Formation of yield and dry matter with genetic resources of opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.)
Slowiaczek, Lukáš ; Hnilička, František (advisor) ; Jan, Jan (referee)
Diploma thesis with the topic: Formation of yield and dry matter with genetic resources of opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) was worked out at the Department of botanics and plant physiology, Faculty of agrobiology, food and natural resources ČZU in Prague. The purpose of this thesis was to determine genotype and ontogenetic differences in amount of yield, production of dry mass, and value of growth-analytic characteristics in certain species of opium poppy. Diploma thesis was based on the fact that most of the studies about opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) are focused on the content of alkaloids and other substances present in poppy seeds. Due to this facts, it is necessary to describe the genotypes of poppy plants and their genetic resources from the physiological point of view.
Following species of opium poppy were chosen for the experiment: Akvarel, Albín, Buddha, Florian, Korneuburger Weisser, Lazur, Major, Marianne, Opál, Postomi, Sokol, Tatranský. These species were chosen according to their content of alkaloids, especially morfine very low content, low content, medium content and high content of morfine. All of the tested genotypes are tested as object of study of genetic poppy resources. Seeds were supplied by GB Oseva Pro s.r.o., o.z. VÚO Opava and company Český mák.
Field experiments were established at the research laboratory FAPPZ ČZU in Prague, in Červený Újezd. This location is in Prague-West division, in area of Middle Bohemia. The altitude of this location is 401 metres above the sea level. The size of the field for testing was 2 m2. The experiment was based in 4 repetitions by the method of Latin square. Winter wheat was used as the preceding crop. Opium poppy was planted according to agrotechnical principles of planting.
Content of dry mass in individual plant organs was measured in certain ontogenetic stages of opium poppy (35, 45, 49, 52, 54, 62, 81 BBCH). Size of leaf area was assessed by the image analysis WinDias. Yield of seeds was assessed as well. Growth-analytic characteristics were calculated from the values of wieght of dry mass and size of leaf area.
The results confirmed that the size of plants is influenced by its ontogeny and also by its species. The results also confirm, that the height of plants is not influenced by the content of morfine. Connection between the colour of seeds and height of plant was not confirmed either. Increase in weight of above-ground biomass depending on ontogenetic stage and influence of plant species was confirmed. There are differences in production of yield in species of poppy with different contents of morfine because the average weight of yield in species with very low content of morfine was 112,36 g, in species with low content of morfine 110,41 g, in species with middle content of morfine 12167 g and in species with high content of morfine 123,16 g. It was approved that ontogeny of plants influences the leaf area index (LAI) as it increases until blooming and then it decreases as a result of senescence and falling off the old leaves. Differences in leaf area index were detected among the species of opium poppy, depending on the content of morfine. It was detected that crop growth rate (CGR), relative crop growth rate (Rw) and relative growth rate of assimilation area (RA) are influenced by the ontogeny of plants. It was detected that species with high content of morfine in poppy seeds (Buddha, Postomi, Lazur) and species with white seeds Sokol and Albín have lower yield than species with middle content of morfine.
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Financial statements in selected business corporation
Liška, Ondřej ; Seidl, Ladislav (advisor) ; Hana, Hana (referee)
Diploma thesis is focused on the analysis and evaluation of financial statements compilation in the company Sellier & Bellot, a.s which produces a wide range of pistol, rifle, and shotgun ammunition for hunting and sports. Theoretical part describes basic literature that compilation of financial statements focuses on and all activities which take place before closing of ledgers. Particular parts explain a process of inventory, methods of assets value reduction, reserves, exchange rate differences, calculation of due and deferred tax and closing of accounts books. The theoretical part also describes all parts of financial reports. The analytical part firstly presents the company Sellier & Bellot and secondly analyse a process of the financial statements compilation. The following part of the thesis continues with an evaluation of a process and proposes provisions for a reduction of risks from the incidental failings.
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The effect of live weight of pigs on the histology of adipose tissue
Žalmánková, Nikola ; Okrouhlá, Monika (advisor) ; Michaela, Michaela (referee)
The main goal of this paper was to evaluate the influence of live weight on both the quantity and the quality of back fat as well as on histology of adipose tissue in pigs. Fourty pigs of PIC genotype and equaly distributed sex were included in this study. The population was then divided into four sub-groups according to their live weight. (Groups: first - under 104.9 kg, second - between 105 kg and 109.9 kg, third - between 110 kg and 114.9 kg, fourth - above 115 kg)
The following indicators of fattening performance were monitored during the study: average daily feed consumption, average weekly feed consumption, average daily weight gain and feed conversion rate. Statistically significant influence was observed only for average daily weight gain which was found to be positively dependent on live weight increases. The smallest average daily weight gain (990.14 g) was observed in group one which at the same time displayed highest feed conversion rate (2.61 kg.kg-1). Subjects in group four, on the other hand, showed the largest average daily weight gain (1159.11 kg) and the lowest feed conversion rate (2.49 kg.kg-1).
Furthermore, development of back fat was periodically monitored via ultrasound examinations at three chosen points of the pigs' anatomy, beginning at four weeks of age and continuing until ten weeks of age. The measurements confirmed that the increases in depth of back fat correlate closely with gains in live weight.
No correlation was proven between other physical characteristics of back fat and changes in live weight. However, measurements showed statistically non-significant increase of coloration of back fat which correlated with weight gains for subjects under 114.9 kg of live weight. As far as tenderness of back fat is concerned, lowest values were found in both upper (74.31 N) and lower (59.61 N) fat in subjects in group two.
No significant influence of live weight on the histology of adipose tissue was found. Nevertheless, measurements showed apparent structural difference between the cut in the higher and lower part of back fat. In upper part of the cut was the highest density of adipose cells (60.27 cells per 1 mm2 at the average cell size of 3430.23) found in group number two. However, in the lower part of the cut was the highest density of adipose cells (63.8 cells per 1 mm2 at the average cell size of 3877.72) found in group number one.
None of the other monitored variables proved to be statistically significant.
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Effect of Exchange Rate Hedging on the Performance of Collective Investment Fund
Pfeiferová, Daniela ; Valder, Antonín (advisor) ; Jiří, Jiří (referee)
Collective investment is among the fastest growing areas of investment in financial markets. Its importance within each economy is influenced by the level of development of the capital market. The beginnings of collective investment in the Czech Republic are associated with the coupon privatization in the 90s of the last century. The basic advantages of this method of investing can include risk diversification, professional portfolio management, liquidity of the investment, regulation and tax benefits. The theoretical part describes the historical development of this business in the financial market. The systematization of collective investment was proposed according to the subject of investing, the method of returns distribution to investors, the terms of investment strategy, the investor's investment profile and according to the existing legislation. Transparent classification schemes were created for particular perspectives. The analytical part of the thesis analyzes the processes used to measure the performance of mutual funds, characterization of the risks associated with collective investment and the possible ways to hedge the foreign currency exchange rate risk. The outputs of the thesis respond to two hypotheses: H1: The monthly cost to hedge the foreign exchange risk affects the monthly performance of the mutual fund on the basis of the correlation in time series. H2: Is the information on the costs of exchange rate hedging required for quality decisionmaking for a small investor (consumer).
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The analysis of Russian economic performance in the light of competitiveness and natural resource curse phenomenon
Kuzmenko, Elena ; Maitah, Mansoor (advisor) ; Smutka, Luboš (referee)
Recent years a lot of debates have been taking place around Russias dependence on natural resources, especially on crude oil and natural gas, and consequent necessity to escape from it through diversification of the Russian economy. The research problem of the present doctoral thesis therefore is to investigate whether Russia demonstrates any success in this process or not. The main goal of the thesis is to analyze Russian economic performance along with Russian producers (representing corresponding economic sectors) relative position towards foreign rivals in external and internal markets and via investigation of the real effective exchange rate of ruble and quality of Russian institutions shed some light on the presence of Natural resource curse phenomenon in the Russian economy. The analysis of Russian economic performance in the light of competitiveness was seen as justified since the results of that analysis may reveal the existence of perspective points of growth in the economy. In the final stage of the research the existence of a long-run interrelationship was checked among the structure of Russian export basket, GDP growth, price of crude oil and the real effective exchange rate of Russian ruble with the use of Johansen cointegration technique.
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