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The Czech Catholic Exile in Rome in its Attitude Toward Marxism and Communism
Kindl, Martin ; Putna, Martin (advisor) ; Nedorostek, Miroslav (referee)
This thesis is dealing with the ways in which were reflected marxism and communism in the czech exile catholic magazine "Studie", that had been published in Rome in the period 1958-1990. In addition outlines the issues of the czechoslovak exile in the second half of the twenties century. This thesis also discusses the exile waves that occurred in 1948 and 1968. Particular attention is paid to the issue of catholic exile. As part of the activities of exile are discussed mainly its literary activities. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Jan Scheinost. Catholic and Fascist, Journalist and Politician
Klementová, Eliška ; Doubek, Vratislav (advisor) ; Pehr, Michal (referee) ; Šebek, Jaroslav (referee)
The aim of the doctoral thesis is an analysis of the ideas and political activities of Jan Scheinost (1896-1964), a journalist and skilful backstage policymaker who was also known as an ideologist of Czech fascism. The thesis presents and analyses primarily those texts and activities of this controversial personality which were somehow unique, typical or atypical for the Czechoslovak political and intellectual scene of the First and Second Republic, i.e. from the 1920s to the period of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. The influential Catholic journalist Scheinost is often connected not only with conservative traditional Catholicism but also with Fascism in academic literature. However, the thesis tries to prove that throughout his career, Jan Scheinost was always mainly looking for the most suitable movement or political party for putting into practice his aggressive Catholic ideas. At the same time the thesis also follows the historical, cultural and media context in which has Scheinost, as the editor in chief of the daily Lidové listy, acted. Scheinost, as a convinced nationalist and Catholic, joined the Czechoslovak People's Party at the beginning of the 1920s, but this party was not conservative enough for him, and he also felt that it made too many compromises. That is why he...
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Secularization in Italy in the post-war-era: literature in the social context
Olša, Michal ; Pullmann, Michal (advisor) ; Jiroušek, Bohumil (referee)
EN The purpose of my thesis is to analyse the process of secularization in the post-war era in Italy. The study is focused on lower social classes. The aim of my thesis is to show the complexity of the process such as secularization; on the one hand there are statistic numbers showing the trend of falling religiosity, on the other hand we know Italians as believers in God and Italy as a country with catholic symbols appearing openly in public. To understand this ambivalence, it is necessary to distinguish church, religion and faith. As a primary source for my thesis I have chosen novels of the neorealist writers. As neorealism tries to capture predominantly the social reality and the writers show greater capability of uncovering the motivation of historical figure than any other possible sources, selecting the works of the neorealist writers proves to be more than suitable. The main methodology chosen for my thesis is typification, through which I tried to define the social stereotypes. The thesis is composed of nine chapters. Chapters one to three describe the political, economic and social situation of post-war Italy and define the social segment on which the thesis is focused. Presented is a characterization of neorealism and the authors as well as the most important theories of secularization...
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Opinions of a German about the value-shifts in the society after the Second World War. Interpretation of the novel "Clown" by Heinrich Böll and its film adaptation
Leššová, Barbora ; Glosíková, Viera (advisor) ; Markvartová, Eva (referee)
Title Opinions of a German about the value-shifts in the society after the Second World War. Interpretation of the novel "Clown" by Heinrich Böll and its film adaptation Abstract This diploma thesis deals with the novel The Clown (1963) by an important representative of the German post-war literature Heinrich Böll and its film adaptation (1974) of the same name by a Czech director Vojtěch Jasný. The first part of the thesis presents author's life, literary work as well as the roots of his broadly humanistic view of life, which are closely interlinked with his strong Christian belief and his personal value system. The main target of the thesis is a thorough interpretation of the novel, in which author's critical viewpoint on the socio-cultural development of the post-war German society is very strongly reflected. The author's sharp satirical tone in this novel and the very evident anticlericalism are being looked at and explored in terms of the biblical motto of the novel and its main message. The aim of the final chapter is to point out the main differences between the novel and the film adaptation. Key words Heinrich Böll, value-shifts, the German society after the Second World War, Catholicism
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Characters in Short Prosaic Works of Jaroslav Durych
Jumrová, Pavla ; Wiendl, Jan (advisor) ; Holý, Jiří (referee)
The thesis presents a typology of characters in short prosaic works of Jaroslav Durych. In the introduction the readers get acquainted with contemporary approaches of the theory of literature towards the characters and with the ways to make typologies of characters. The author's opinions about art and man are quoted too because Durych's fiction is influenced by his artistic and religious opinions. Next, Durych's prosaic works are characterised in relation to trends in literature. Information about previous works concerning characters in prosaic works of Jaroslav Durych is also given in the introduction. The central part of the thesis is focused on the analysis of characters in short prosaic works. Both female and male characters are analysed by means of the same criteria: character-definition v. character-hypothesis, character-subject v. character- object, name, appearance, soul, death, love to God and their human partner. Within each section, e.g. Appearance, short prosaic works are analysed in chronological order to show how the characters were altered and how they were influenced by various trends in literature, etc. Eventually, differences between female and male characters are named, and two basic types of female characters and two basic types of male characters which can be found in Durych's...
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Political philosophy of Lord Acton and its influence on the political thought of 20th century
Virdzek, Andrej ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Šimsa, Martin (referee)
The Bachelor thesis presented here is concerned with the political philosophy of British historian Lord Acton and its influence on the political thought of 20th century. The aim of the thesis was to present Actons political thought in the environment of 19th century Britain and to show its influence on the political thought of 20th century. Actons political philosophy was concerned with many problems of Victorian age and his philosophy deals with many contemporary and historical issues. Because of this, I had to put emphasis only on some aspects of Actons political thought. Mainly on the theoretical fusion of Catholicism and Liberalism. The thesis is divided into three parts: In the first part I present Actons conception of liberty. Through the term of liberty I try to show the basis of his liberal philosophy. Every attempt to systematize Actons philosophy must start mainly with this term of liberty, because it was central in his thinking. Also his understanding of the word liberty is one of the things that distinguishes Acton from other thinkers, because it implicitly contains main premises of ethical teachings of the church. The second part talks mainly about Actons evaluation of the French revolution. I find this historical event very interesting and indespensable in the way that it presents to us how...
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Czech Catholic Magazines for Children and Youth in 1945-1948
Volencová, Hana ; Köpplová, Barbara (advisor) ; Švec, Štefan (referee)
The purpose of this thesis is to cover the topic of the Czech catholic children's magazines within the period of 1945 - 1948. Firstly the thesis contextualizes the historical background in the terms of looking back to the period of the occupation and then turns to the consequences that the occupation brought to the catholic population. Further the thesis offers an insight to the situation after 1945 mainly from the catholic point of view and focuses on the catholic press within the given period. In the next section the thesis characterizes the trends of the children's and juvenile literature in the period of 1945 - 48 through literary pieces, which form an integral part of the analyzed magazines. This part also deals with the general overview of the Czech children's and juvenile periodicals output within the given period. The main part of the thesis then characterizes and analyzes two chosen periodicals: Anděl strážný (The Guardian Angel) a magazine for catholic children and Dorost (The Juvenils) a magazine for catholic juvenils. This part of the thesis analyses the contents, structures and partly also the visual appearances of the chosen periodicals and tracks any changes of these aspects in single volumes. Marginally the thesis also mentions the editors and authors of the texts and illustrations....
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Antonín Švehla and the Czech Catholics in the period of the first republic
DĚDOVÁ, Miroslava
This thesis deals with the relation between the agrarian politician Antonín Švehla and a catholic party in the period of the first Czechoslovak Republic. This work is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is The Introduction including the aim of this work and the most important sources used by creating this work. The second chapter is structured in five other subheads and is called The Personality of Antonín Švehla. There is presented the life of this important agrarian, his political influence, the characterization of all three governments, in which he was the prime minister and his party's victory in parliamentary elections in 1925. The third chapter called Antonín Švehla's relation to catholicism is divided in four subheads. The core of this chapter is to analyse Švehla's views on religion, his relation to political catholicism, to catholic personalities and to Šrámek's Czechoslovak People's Party. The last chapter is The Conclusion which summarizes the main contribution of the thesis.
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Transformations of Sacred Space.
Mléčka, Jan ; PhDr.Martin Horáček,Ph.D. (referee) ; Doc.Ing.arch.Michal Hronský,PhD. (referee) ; Petelen, Ivan (referee) ; Šindlar, Jiljí (advisor)
The Christian church has been an inherent part of human continuity for more than thousand years. The external appearance of the Christian church has always reflected societal transformations as well as turning points in history. Moreover, it has become an integral part of our existence both in space and time. Nowadays, we frequently hear that the crisis of European society is in effect an identity crisis, an inability to ask about where we are heading and what the meaning of life is. The reduction of time givenness to the already limited scope of our own physical existence destroys the ability in a man to ask questions and find answers to them, or even enquire about the meaning and essence of things. The carefree, dispersed husk blown by the wind may seem to be free and independent; however, it has also stopped trying to actively find paths for future generations. One of the fundamental attributes of an architect should be a strong aptitude for synthetic thinking, which includes multiple knowledge of social cognition, i.e. in the currentness of present experience as well as in time. This knowledge should ideally help to identify the core of problem, and to define the general rules applicable, regardless of changes in social demand, trends or taste. This dissertation, concerned with the “change” of the Christian church, ought to provide a compact, effective platform based on a synthesis of all analytical findings in the areas of architecture, liturgy, history, and theology. This platform can be applied in architectural practice, education (both architectural and theological), pastorage, and other wide, well-researched social discourses on the current form of the Christian sacred space, its basis and likely future development. The emphasis should be put on individual interpretation of a target group rather than dogmatic interpretation of dramatic revelations. Therefore, the first half of the dissertation will analyse the theological and symbolic basis, and historic transformations. Whilst, the second half will depict the current approach to the creation of sacred space in both newly built churches and the ongoing conversions of existing spaces. In conclusion, the dissertation will debate the future direction of sacred space in post-Christian Europe.
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