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The Linguistic Picture of Death, Afterlife and Dying in Primary and Secondary School Pupils
Wildová, Zuzana
The dissertation The Linguistic Picture of Death, Afterlife and Dying in Primary and Secondary School Pupils is devoted to the reconstruction of the linguistic picture of death in these groups of pupils, its mutual comparison and its comparison with the developed psychological concept of death. Furthermore, it describes how the taboo of this topic manifests itself in the pupils' linguistic picture of death and which modifications of the linguistic picture of the world are shown in the linguistic picture of death among pupils. In the first part, the dissertation deals with the concept of death in language and culture, and thus also with the linguistic and socio-cultural taboo of this phenomenon. We deal with the development of the conception of death in history and also the development of the concept of death of children and youth. The theoretical frame for this work is based on the methods of cognitive linguistics and its approach to linguistic research. We characterize this linguistic approach, its methods and the main representatives in the next part of the work. We use cognitive linguist methods not only for processing but also for collecting language data. In the third part, we analyze system, text and empirical language data. Textual data are derived from texts of intentional literature for...
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Simple categorization of mathematical objects: Examining students' decisions
Janda, David ; Vondrová, Naďa (advisor) ; Simpson, Adrian (referee) ; Klusák, Miroslav (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to describe the decision making process of students in the so-called simple categorization, i.e., decision whether a particular object is or is not an element of a category. This process is examined in the context of categories of mathematical objects. The theoretical part of the thesis presents arguments why the study of simple categorization of mathematical objects is important for mathematics education. These arguments are not only based on the available literature in mathematics education, but also partly draw on historical, mathematical and psychological literature. The practical chapters of the thesis describe the design and piloting of a research tool suitable for this research. The dominant elements of this tool are the measurement of the binary answers (yes / no) of the respondent and of his/her reaction time. This tool is then used in the Main study based on mixed, qualitative-quantitative methodology. It was found that with the help of the proposed tool, while adhering to appropriate methodological rules, it is possible to distinguish different approaches of respondents to categorization. In addition, the basic patterns in the decision-making process of the respondents were described. These are, for instance, differences in the categorization of examples and non-...
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Mobile wheel cranes
Matula, David ; Pokorný, Přemysl (referee) ; Škopán, Miroslav (advisor)
The aim of the thesis is introduction of mobile crane and comparison of individual models from different manufacturers. The first part is devoted to the history of cranes. Other types of cranes are mentioned here as well. In the main part are mentioned systems that we can encounter in cranes. At the same time, it categorizes cranes of the world's leading manufacturers according to the main technical and dimensional solutions. The third and last part of the thesis, is trying to estimate development trends.
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The Linguistic Picture of Death, Afterlife and Dying in Primary and Secondary School Pupils
Wildová, Zuzana ; Janovec, Ladislav (advisor) ; Pacovská, Jasňa (referee) ; Šindelářová, Jaromíra (referee)
The dissertation The Linguistic Picture of Death, Afterlife and Dying in Primary and Secondary School Pupils is devoted to the reconstruction of the linguistic picture of death in these groups of pupils, its mutual comparison and its comparison with the developed psychological concept of death. Furthermore, it describes how the taboo of this topic manifests itself in the pupils' linguistic picture of death and which modifications of the linguistic picture of the world are shown in the linguistic picture of death among pupils. In the first part, the dissertation deals with the concept of death in language and culture, and thus also with the linguistic and socio-cultural taboo of this phenomenon. We deal with the development of the conception of death in history and also the development of the concept of death of children and youth. The theoretical frame for this work is based on the methods of cognitive linguistics and its approach to linguistic research. We characterize this linguistic approach, its methods and the main representatives in the next part of the work. We use cognitive linguist methods not only for processing but also for collecting language data. In the third part, we analyze system, text and empirical language data. Textual data are derived from texts of intentional literature for...
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Somatisms in Czech Phraseology (The Respiratory System)
Máchová, Miroslava ; Janovec, Ladislav (advisor) ; Holanová, Radka (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the linguistic picture of the world of somatic idioms with components of the respiratory system, namely the nose, throat, lungs, diaphragm, and bronchi. The theoretical part explains the basic concepts and fundamentals of cognitive and cultural linguistics, primarily focusing on cognitive linguistics, the linguistic picture of the world and its definition and properties, anthropocentrism, the theory of conceptual / imaginary schemes, metaphors, metonymy and its types, and last but not least, phraseology. The practical part is organised into chapters, each of which revolves around a single corresponding somatism. Their etymological and anatomical characteristics are discussed, as are particular semantic areas and idioms in which the somatisms play a primary role. Lastly, those imaginary schemes thar are involved in the conceptualization of a given organ in the linguistic picture of the world are presented. The thesis is supplemented with the knowledge of psychosomatics which, given the premises of some idioms being conditioned directly by psychosomatics itself, have turned out to be of great utility.
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Past and present the Pisek radiological workplace
KOUTNÍKOVÁ, Anita
X-ray examination is one of the oldest and easiest imaging methods, still widely used today in medicine. X-ray is always performed as an initial examination, and after further consideration or ambiguity of the attending physician, more expensive and complicated examinations with higher radiation load can be taken. For example, X-rays lung tests, which are required to be preoperative, can be determined by a number of possible health indications. Therefore, lung examination can not be substituted for anything similar and will always remain among the most basic investigative methods. In this bachelor thesis I will focus on the history and development of the X-ray workplace in Písek. This will span from its public sector origins, as a department within the local hospital. Until it moved into the private sector, where it remains today. It is generally reported from sources (IHIS) that the number of X-rays performed is constantly increasing. A fact I followed at the Rentgen Písek s.r.o. In this thesis, using a twenty year period from 1997 to 2017, I will discover whether the number of X-ray examinations has changed, as a result of new screening methods such as CT and MR. A final task of my bachelor thesis is to investigate whether the exposure values used for the separation of the X-ray Clinic of the Písek for the given period of observation have reduced or increased.
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Are body size and specific species colouration important cues for predator recognition by their potencial prey? Diplomová práce
Antonová, Kateřina ; Fuchs, Roman (advisor) ; Sedláček, Ondřej (referee)
I tested influence of a body size and overal colouration in feeders experiments on recognition of sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus) by chosen species of passerine. Experiments were conducted in years 2015 ̶ 2018. I used a plush dummies which carried a specific featuress of raptor (hooked beak, claws) and specific features of genus Accipiter (yellow eyes, respectively yellow eyes and overal colouration). As a control, dummy of harmless pigeon was used. Smaller dummies (size of a great tit) were not recognized as a raptor regardless of colouration. Large dummies with colouration of great tit and pigeon were not recognized as a raptor as well. On a contrary, large dummy with colouration of robin was recognized as a raptor, respectively sparrowhawk. Most birds who were flying to the feeders, at first payed attention to global features (size, overal colouration). If these features belong to well-known harmless bird, then local features (particular) which characterize raptor or sparrowhawk had no effect. Birds did not pay attention to them. Therefore it depends on a context, in which potential local key features occure.
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Category formation in birds
Zíková, Markéta ; Exnerová, Alice (advisor) ; Sedláček, Ondřej (referee)
Ability to categorize objects and react to members of one category similarly is important for animals in the wild. They use this ability to recognize predators, sexual partners or a prey. Categories might be perceptual, associative or relational. Perceptual categories can be formed by different mechanisms, described by feature, exemplar and prototype theory. Stimuli used in the categorization studies are usually visual - they can be different types of pictures or real objects. This thesis summarizes studies focused on the perceptual categories (categories based on the perceptual similarity) and the relational categories (based on the relationship between objects) on an example same/different, in birds. The categorization in birds is mainly studied in the pigeons, other tested species are corvids or parrots. In pigeons the perceptual categoriz- ation is especially well studied, they can categorize a variety of objects according to the per- ceptual similarity, from natural ones to man-made ones. They predominantly use common fea- tures to add category members. On the other hand corvids are better than pigeons in ability to categorize objects according to the sameness/difference, because they require lower number of training stimuli to full understanding of the task. Key words categorization, concept,...
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Classification of IoT
Flégl, Jaroslav ; Gála, Libor (advisor) ; Basl, Josef (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on classification of IoT. The aim of this thesis is classifying and categorizing IoT using systematic literature review. Several steps are needed to fulfill this aim. First part of this thesis focuses on defining IoT. Top ten companies, which invest the most to IoT are introduced with their view on IoT. Then follows characterization of classification and categorization including differences between them. Second part focuses on describing SLR. First of all the process of searching studies was described in detail. Also it was necessary to set the criteria to accept or reject studies. Then the rest of the studies were rated based on qualitative criteria. Studies rated as very good or excellent were accepted and final classification and categorization were made from them.
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National Stereotypes: the realtion between Czechs and Spanish
RYBÁKOVÁ, Lenka
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to present the issue of national stereotypes which is nowadays coming to the fore across different fields of science. Within its theoretical part this topic is initially analysed in general terms and the author focuses on the characteristics of the concept of the term stereotype as well as particular aspects which clarify the creation, modification and reduction of national stereotypes. Special attention is paid to the mechanisms of transmission of the stereotypes which form a key element of the following research. These mechanisms together with a set of selected stereotypes about the Spanish people and their culture create a link between both parts of the thesis. The analysis centres around the changing views of the Czechs towrds Spaniards as a result of their increasing participation in international exchanges within Spain such as the Erasmus+ programme. This study also aims to discover the ways in which stereotypes are transmitted that have the most frequent impact on the selected sample of the respondents. The part of this thesis is a résumé in Spanish.
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