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Ukraine Constitutional reform in 2004 and Its Impact on the Development of the Country
Poloncarzová, Diana ; Šír, Jan (advisor) ; Zilynskyj, Bohdan (referee)
The thesis deal with the constitutional reform in Ukraine approved in 2004 There were optimistic expectations about the regime change and moving closer to the model of West European states in 2004. The scope is to identify whether Ukraine followed the path of democratic transition or remained as an unstable hybrid state. It is focused on constitutional changes of the following chapters - elections and referendum, parliament, president, council of ministers and redistribution of power between these roles and impact on legislation and executive power. The regime type is influenced by these changes. Ukraine was classified as an authoritarian regime during Kuchma's second term in the Presidential office. The political system had been changed in 2006 when the new constitution came to power. Between a various classifications the most common ones, which had been used, were a semi- presidential system or presidential-parliamentary system. The choice of improper political system could be one of the key reasons leading to the failure of democratisation of the country when attempted.
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Transformation of eastern european media presented on public broadcasting establishment
Havlíček, Tomáš ; Trampota, Tomáš (advisor) ; Cebe, Jan (referee)
The viewership of public service media in post communist countries of the so-called Eastern Bloc is steadily declining. The need for their support brings about a question about the future of PSB model. The shape of public service remit differs across the selected countries of the Visegrád Group despite the former similarities. This study is trying to provide the reader with a solid comparison of the evolution of public service broadcasting from 4 points of view: regulation, politicization, viewer's attractiveness and sources of funding. The analysis should shed some light into the discussion of future role of PSBs in post-communist democracies. The first part of this thesis is focused on the history of former Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Poland with stress on the broadcasting media and their regulation until 1989. It is followed with the key part analyzing the establishment of dual system, transformation of state-owned media into public service broadcasters and the setting up of the first democratic broadcasting laws. Next chapter describes the current state of European broadcasting regulation and its impact on member states' broadcasters. The closing part evaluates the major differences in compared public service media and provides possible implications for further development of PSBs.
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Examining the impact of reforms on economic growth: The case of transition economies
Zhupaj, Lorena ; Horváth, Roman (advisor) ; Benáček, Vladimír (referee)
This paper aims to investigate the impact of reforms on economic growth in a sample of transition economies of Central Eastern Europe, South Eastern Europe and Commonwealth of Independent States from 1989 until 2010. We employ a panel data methodology and run a Haussman test to distinguish between a fixed effect and a random effect model. In addition, we take into account the role of reform reversals and examine their contribution in the growth dynamics. Reform downgrades are very common since in some cases progress in reforms has been stalled or even reversed due to political instability, wars, economic crises, etc. We model the reforms downgrades following the previous work of Merlevede (2003) using a different methodology and extending our period of estimation. Furthermore, the relationship between other explanatory variables (i.e. initial conditions, fiscal balance) and growth is further explored in the empirical estimation. JEL Classification O57, P21 Keywords transition economies, reforms, reversal Author's e-mail lorena_zh@hotmail.com Supervisor's e-mail roman.horvath@gmail.com
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The IMF and its role in the Czech Republic and Hungary since 1989
Malešová, Jana ; Duršpek Raková, Marie (advisor) ; Parrák, Radovan (referee)
This thesis focuses on the International Monetary Fund. The first part consists of three chapters and it examines the Fund as a respected, yet disputes sparking institution. The first chapter describes the history of the Fund from its founding in Bretton Woods in 1944 to the recent financial crisis. The second chapter focuses on the Fund's operation nowadays. Information about special drawing rights, member quotas system, and about Fund's financial resources and their use can all be found there. Recent reforms and the organizational structure are also a part of the second chapter. The third chapter presents the main points of critique of the Fund. The second part of the thesis examines specific Fund activities in two central European countries with the focus on periods in which the Fund's assistance was the most significant. The fourth chapter concentrates on Fund operations in the Czech Republic after the membership resumption in 1990. The fifth chapter explains Fund activities in Hungary, which has been a member since 1982 but has drawn particular attention in recent years since the outburst of the financial crisis.
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The child's personality and beginning attending a nursery school
Zradičková Šafránková, Karla ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (referee) ; Šírová, Eva (referee)
The ability of autoregulation of an individual is a process which moderates coping with social demands. The transition from family environment to a nursery school can be considered one of such developmental tasks. This transition may become one of the major challenges both for the child and family, and also for the pedagogues, since it does not involve solely one change, but rather functions in the interaction of various changes. The aim of our research is to determine the development of resilience during one of the first significant transient moments in a child's life, such as admission to a nurser school, and also significance of autoregulation in this process. Theoretical foundations of our research project consist of the concept of resilience based on social cognitive theory. Given the focus on the adaptation of a child to education system, the issue also includes the question of autoregulation, which in our cultural context is an important component of successful coping with social demands. Another important aspect involved in the successful adaptation is undoubtedly the psychological resilience of a child, in terms of the ability to effectively deal with stress and adversity. The focus of our research are preschool children (three to six years), adapting to the new environment of a nursery...
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The Catholic Church and its influence on the transition and subsequent consolidation of democracy
Labutta, Michael ; Koubek, Jiří (advisor) ; Buben, Radek (referee)
(anglicky) The bachelor thesis will deal with comparison of countries that have undergone transitions and influence of the Catholic Church there is a fairly strong. In particular, it will be about Poland and Chile. In the introduction I tried to cover the position of the Church in these states for the duration of the undemocratic regime (if it stood on the side of the regime, covert opposition, or whether they acted directly against the regime). Another part will deal whit what the relationship with the Church undemocratic regimes sought. Whether enforce repression, co- optation, or some form of "tacit agreement". In conclusion and in response to previous questions, I will try to answer the question whether the Catholic Church was in those countries open to cooperation and advocated more confrontational stance, and what was this attitude affect the form, course and outcome of transition, and as reflected in future consolidation of democracy.
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Convergence across the four Central and Eastern European states: Panel Data Approaches
Akhmetov, Daniyar ; Gregor, Martin (advisor) ; Cahlík, Tomáš (referee)
The aim of the work is to analyze the convergence in the Czech Republic for the period of 1996- 2006. The paper is based primarily on the Barro and Sala-i-Martin's theories of convergence of sub-national territorial units. The regression results proved assumptions to be realistic. The main model concentrates on a panel data approach that captures the extent to which new transport infrastructure influences within-nation regional convergence. This paper developed a regional approach to evaluate the impact of transport infrastructure, human capital and migration in four Central and Eastern European countries - the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and the Slovak Republic. The aim is to present an overview of the convergence process of the Czech regions between 1996 and 2006. A neoclassical growth model is used as a framework to study convergence across the 14 administrative units of the Czech Republic. Data on gross value added per capita are exploited. 1
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Development of regional press in Žatec region after 1989
Stroukal, Dominik ; Köpplová, Barbara (advisor) ; Krejcar, Robert (referee)
This paper describes and analyses in the context of media theory, particularly the theory of transformation and the regional journalism theory, the development of regional press in Žatec region after the revolution in 1989. The paper briefly describes the situation of the press in the Žatec region before 1989 and focuses on media theory. In following parts is comprehensively described the development since 1989, periodicals are described and their history is presented. In conclusion, periodicals are comprehensively analyzed. It is shown that, despite media theory, there is no monopolization and centralization of the press in Žatec region, on the other hand, commercialization is present. Finally, the post-revolutionary development is analyzed in relation to the political situation and it is shown that political developments have had a major impact on the starts, ends and contents of the periodicals.
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The role of the Roman Catholic Church during the transition to democracy in Poland and Chile
Labutta, Michael ; Štefek, Martin (advisor) ; Květina, Jan (referee)
(anglicky) The thesis will be addressed by comparing the states which have undergone a transition to democracy and at the same time you can observe the strong influence of the Roman Catholic Church. Specifically, it will be about Poland and about Chile. In the beginning, I tried to capture the position of the Church in these states for the duration of the undemocratic regime (if it stood on the side of the regime, covert opposition, or whether they acted directly against the regime). I will try to describe what influenced this attitude - the injustices of the regime, historical context. Another part will look at what the relationship with the Church undemocratic regimes sought. Whether enforce repression, cooptation, or some form of "tacit agreement". In response to previous questions in the conclusion I will try answer whether the Roman Catholic Church was open to cooperation and advocated more confrontational stance, and how did this attitude affect the form, course and outcome of transition in these countries.
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