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Anomalies in the development of the exchange rate (In the context of PPP)
Hejzlarová, Anna ; Šíma, Ondřej (advisor) ; Pour, Jiří (referee)
This thesis is focused on the description of the purchasing power parity theory and the theory of the interest rate as the fundamental aspects of exchange rate movements. A large part is devoted to the problems of equilibrium exchange rates and associated anomalies that these equilibrium rates are largely affected. The aim is to highlight the pros and cons of these theories and their practical use in nowadays world. Incomplete validity of purchasing power parity is analyzed by using available data which also leads to examine the presence of deviation from the equilibirum value. These anomalies are divided into economic origin anomalies and anomalies arising from non-market intervention. Despite the frequent critism the theory of purchasing power parity is still the most popular and frequently published theory.
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Obstructions connected to the right to information
Tuláček, Michal ; Korbel, František (advisor) ; Millerová, Ivana (referee)
The master thesis's topic are obstructions connected with the execution of the right to information, both by obligated entities as well as by information requestors. The right to information is a political right anchored in the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms and also in the international contracts stipulating human rights. Its definition is relatively wide, but not unlimited, because next to it from constitutional order flow other rights, freedoms or legitimate national interests, with which the right to information can be in conflict. In particular, it is concerning the law on protecting privacy or the national interest for protecting secret information, whose disclosure could endanger the national safety. The right to information can collide with other rights, freedoms or interests, therefore can be rightfully restricted and it is possible not to provide the requested information. However, such a restriction has to be anchored in the law and must be proportional and essential to the protection of rights and freedom of others, national safety, public safety, protection of public health and morals.in a democratic society. In reality, the right to information is restricted also for reasons unforeseen by the law. The right to information is nonetheless incorrectly executed even in cases of some...
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Planning in business valuation with emphasis on rate of growth and on invested capital
Jahodová, Lucie ; Mařík, Miloš (advisor) ; Marek, Petr (referee) ; Hrdý, Milan (referee)
The main goal of this thesis is to suggest a concept of financial planning for business valuation. Entry chapters are dedicated especially to the examination of differences between financial plan as one of company's activities and plan for business valuation. In the following chapter key parameters essentially influencing company's value (value drivers) are described. Two of them are accented: rate of growth and invested capital which is necessary for company's main business including its rate of return. I examine an impact of historical growth of the company, growth based on analyst's estimates and fundamental growth of the company on company's growth rate in the extraordinary growth period (first stage). In the next part I pay attention to factors and empirical studies influencing long term rate of growth. Then the rate of similarity of accounting invested capital and invested capital for business valuation and its impact on rate of return of invested capital is analysed. I point out intangible assets and in Czech accounting principles financial leasing assets. Then the relationship between rate of return of invested capital and costs of capital is described; the length of the first stage is suggested; use of models, which are necessary for transition of the company to its steady state is suggested; there are company's key characteristics, which change together with stabilization of the company, identified and there are advantages and disadvantages of value drivers formula and Gordon growth formula discussed. An empirical study dealing with planning for business valuation in the Czech Republic, where business valuation experts took part, was accomplished. The results of the study are presented in several different parts of this thesis.
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European Union Normative Power in Azerbaijan
Kotásková, Tereza ; Havlová, Radka (advisor) ; Dubský, Zbyněk (referee)
Azerbaijan presents itself as a country with an independent foreign policy, refusing European requirements for democratic reforms within the Eastern Partnership. Yet, the European Union keeps developing mutual relations, especially in the field of energy cooperation. The EU has been criticized for betraying its fundamental values of democracy and human rights, and doubts arise if the EU can represent a normative power, as described by Ian Manners in 2002. This master thesis therefore analyzes the European policy in Azerbaijan from a normative perspective. It concludes that the European Union's policy in Azerbaijan is normative and the economic cooperation is not an obstacle. Nevertheless, the impact of the European policy is hampered, making it not possible to state that EU has normative power. The main reasons are insufficient efficiency of European means and Azerbaijan's hostile approach. Still, the current situation of Azerbaijan's economic problems provides Europe with potential to increase its normative influence.
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Informatory value of official rating in context of market innovations
Hrouzek, Miroslav ; Mandel, Martin (advisor) ; Brada, Jaroslav (referee)
The subject of this thesis is recent development of credit evaluation industry and analysis of rating agency`s behaviour in relation to official rating changes. In the first chapter, fundamental limitations of analytical ratings are defined. Stating both advantages and disadvantages arising mainly from market defficiency, the second one introduces credit default swap as an alternative manner for credit risk measurement. Next part summarizes existing academic activity in context of rating informatory value, highlighting abnormal and asymmetric market reactions. Based on Moodys` approach, the fouth chapter provides reader with the concept of market implied ratings that are consequently used to analyse relation between CDS-IR and official ratings. The last subchapters investigate sensitivity ratio of how rating gap level determines prospective response of rating agency.
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The concept of man in economics
Zeman, Jakub ; Sirůček, Pavel (advisor) ; Džbánková, Zuzana (referee)
The thesis discusses the concept of man in the standard economic thinking. It focuses on a critical evaluation of the selected fundamentals. It presents some possible alternative views which show deficiencies in axiomatics of the main currents of economic modeling. Emphasizing the interdisciplinary connections of knowledge about human thought and behavior the thesis is trying to suggest some directions for further development in the approach to human beings in economics to better reflect their defining natural characteristics. It also mentions some of the manifestations of these characteristics, which can be obtained by drawing on the knowledge of psychology, behavioral economics, neuroeconomics and other disciplines and which are inconsistent with standard models, because they lead to errors and irrationality, implicitly produce bounded rationality or attribute the constitutive importance during the formation of thought to completely different elements. In conclusion, the thesis passes to reflect the position of irrationality in the inner world of human's brain and also in the outside world - the economy.
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The protection of privacy rights in the case law of "European" courts (a case-study: Directive on privacy and electronic communications)
Durica, Jan ; Pítrová, Lenka (advisor) ; Scheu, Harald Christian (referee)
Résumé Protection of the right to private life in the case-law of the "European" courts (case study: directive on the retention of data regarding electronic communication). This thesis presents the development of protection of the fundamental rights, especially the right on respect for private life, in the international conventions that are respected by EU member states, concretely the European Convention on Human Rights and the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. On the example of the European directive 2006/24/EC on the retention of data generated or processed in connection with the provision of publicly available electronic communications services, the thesis observes how the conflict is being resolved between the need of the society as a whole on strengthening of security measures in order to prevent and combat serious crimes including international terrorism on the one side and the right of the individual to respect his private life on the other side. The European court for human rights (ECtHR) and the national constitutional courts as well developed a rich case-law on the right to respect for private life which enabled to secure a high level of protection of this right with no need to change the provisions of the codes despite of rapid development of technology and means of...
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Christianity freedom - concept and problems of acknowledgement in canon law
Kolářová, Marie ; Hrdina, Antonín (advisor) ; Kašný, Jiří (referee) ; Šprunk, Karel (referee)
Christianity freedom - concept and problems of acknowledgement in canon law Key words: Theory and Philosophy of Law, Concept of Law, Freedom of a Christian, Morality, Rights of Catholics First part: The concept of freedom that is within philosophy and law theory understood in different meanings - distinction among transcendental freedom, freedom of choice and freedom in Christ. Second part: The concept of law; the relationship between law and values. The nature of canon law; is canon law a juridical or a theological science? School of thought in the contemporary debate about the nature of canon law. Law is one aspect of a complex social reality. I Third part: The nature of the Church; the visible and the invisible church. The renewed theological vision of the nature of the Church. The place of law in the Church. Two distinct ecclesiologies: one of the Church as sacrament and communion, the other of a juridicalIy organized perfect society. Fourth part: The close relationship of law norms and moral norms in the juristic regulation of the Church. The distinction between to conduct according moral and law norms. Framework of morality. Moral norms encourages persons to be virtuous. Fifth part: The fundamental human rights are .inseparably interconnected in the very person. The fundamental human rights...
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The quality of life at children with oncology desease
HERKUCZOVÁ, Lenka
This diploma thesis is trying to figure out how is oncological disease and it´ s treatment affecting survivors life after curing the disease. Acute leukemia and its challenging and often aggressive treatment leaves many different late effects. Quality of life is a subjective assessment which to some extent depends on the nature of the individual. Even so, it is necessary to evaluate and examine the quality of life beacuse the results of researches can help other patients, but also nurses, doctors, psychologists and other helping professions. The theoretic part of the thesis describes the current state of the problem, introduces the basic and fundamental specifics of children's cancer, the treatment, the after-effects, deals with the description of the psychological problems of patients and their caregivers, which provides diagnosis itself, but also the treatment of the disease. It also introduces the psychological care about oncological ill patiens and the roles of the nurses in careing for the oncological patiens. Another part of the theoretical work is an introduction to the measurement and evaluation of quality of life. Work also introduces the leukemia disease, which is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancer diseases in children. The thesis has three goals. The first one is to determine how the treatment of the oncological disease affects life of survivors. The second one is to determine how children perceive various limitations of social contact that the treatment brings. The last third objective is to determine whether the cancer experience affects the attitude of the survivor children to live. In the practical part of the research was used quantitative research. The technique of data collection was standardized questionnaire Minneapolis Manchester Quality of Life Instrument which is divided into two versions for younger and older children. The research was also used for statistical evaluation of hypotheses. The questionnaire was distributed to children aged 8 - 18 years who were 2 - 5 years after treatment. The control group were the same aged healthy peers. Four hypotheses were determined. H1: Cured children have more difficulties in social functioning than healthy children. It was found that cured children have better outcomes in social functioning than their peers, hypothesis H1 is thus not confirmed. H2: Cured children have less energy for physical activities than healthy children. This hypothesis was confirmed neither in older or younger children. H3: Cured children are more satisfied with their appearance than healthy children. This hypothesis was based on the research and statistical verification verified. Last investigated hypothesis was H4: Cured children have more problems in cognitive functioning than healthy children. Based on the statistical verification hypothesis was not confirmed. The research and statistical studies show that cured children have the same or in some areas even better quality of life than their healthy peers 2 - 5 years after the end of active treatment. The nurse should be able to help and advise the patient and should emphatically and nicely cooperate with the family for which it is often even worse than for the patients themselves. This diploma thesis will be used for making of an internal seminars for nurses working at the Clinic of Pediatric Oncology. Nurses working at the bedsides of the patiens can use this theses as a feedback of thein work. Knowledge of late effects of anticancer therapy is essential to providing a high - quality care and application of evidence - based nursing in practice.
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Expropriation of real property
David, Jakub ; Franková, Martina (referee) ; Drobník, Jaroslav (advisor)
88 Resumé The title of this work is Expropriation Of Real Property. I chose this theme because of its magnitude, atractivity and exceptional character. It is a necessary part of legal systems i modern states, really important for thein development. The true essence of this institute consists in involuntery authoritative limitation or total seizure of private as well as public legal subjects`s property. On the other side the expropriation is absolutely subsidiary institut applicable only as the last solution. Property right pertains to the most fundamental human rights. Legal rules which include protection of the proprietary right, mostly includes also posibility to expropriace this right. In international law we can find it in The First Protocol to the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. In czech legal system the constitutional amendment of the expropriation and also the protection of possesion can be found in Artikle 11 of the Bill of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms, besides the Civil Code regulates it too. The legal institute of expropriation is not very old. The ancient Roman law didn`t know it. It would be too big intervention to their conception of absolutely inviolable possesion. The expropriation begins getting into legal systems with an advent of modern...
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