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Design and assessment of reconstruction of historical timber structure
Nováková, Ľubica ; Zídek, Rostislav (referee) ; Brdečko, Luděk (advisor)
Bachelor’s thesis “Design and evaluation of rehabilitation of historic timber structures” is engaged in design and evaluation new replacement elements – proteases. It solved also design and evaluation connections between new and original elements. Proteases are designed, because of damage historic timber structure in complex Castle Žehušice. On the basis of project documentation is created computational model of characteristic structure section. Connections and new elements are assessed on the first limit state – Ultimate limit state. For the analysis computational model is used program SCIA Engineer 2012.
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Deploying Protheses for Children
KARBUSICKÁ, Jana
This thesis named: "Problems of usage of prosthetic aids for children" focuses on the nursing care specifics of the child patient after an amputation. The Amputation is defined as removal of the peripheral portion of the body with an interruption of a bone and the soft tissues which allows subsequent prosthetic solution. Prosthesis is externally applied aid, which replace missing or underdeveloped part of a limb eventually the whole limb. The aim of the Prosthetic centers is to offer to its clients the exact prosthetic solution which could fully replace the function of a missing limb and allow the child to live full life without any limitations. The intention of the thesis was to summarize the problematic of the upper and lower limbs amputation into one publication and also to focus this thesis on children and prosthetic aids for them. The reason is that in Czech literature there is no complex information which focuses on specifics for children. The list of synoptic distribution of the types of prosthetic aids was created based on the level of amputation. A large part of this thesis deals with the nursing care, including rehabilitation after amputation and prosthetic solutions. The possibility of the children´s active life with prosthetic aids was mentioned, also how they coped with the loss of a limb. And then the specifics of the nursing care and the attitude of the nursing staff to children and their parents were mentioned too. In the research part of the thesis three aims were set: Find out the limitations or the changes in the family´s life style which has child with prosthesis and the limitations in child´s active life with prosthesis. Ascertain the specifics and the lacks of the nursing care during preparation of children for the prosthetic aid. Based on these following aims the research questions were set: How was the life style of the family with child with prosthetic aid affected? What are the limitations in child´s active life with prosthesis? What are the specifics of the nursing care during preparation of the child for the prosthetic aid? The empirical part of my thesis was processed with qualitative data analysis using technique of the unstructured in-depth interviews. The first research group consisted of seven respondents. Five out of them were parents of the children without the limb and two out of them were children without the limb itself, who were old enough to give us the trustworthy information. The information from the prosthetic technicians was followed with these interviews. The prosthetic technicians clarified us the questions which resulted from reaching the respondents who cannot have all theoretical knowledge regarding the issue. We hope that the results from this thesis will be benefit not only for the medical staff to improve the quality of the nursing care, but also for the respondents who can find the information which was missing till this time.
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Rehabilitation technology of embankment dams by using suitable types of waste
Michalčíková, Magdaléna ; Kulísek, Karel (referee) ; Drochytka, Rostislav (advisor)
The subject of this work is to find an optimal technology for repairing existing embankment dams with emphasis on simplicity and ecological scalability. Next, secondary energy and waste materials will be evaluated as a partial replacement of a quality montmorillonitic clay. The aim of this will be to maximize the use of these waste materials. In the end a selection of materials for the locality will be made. The use of appropriate types of waste for repairs of embankment dams with clay based grouting compound technology has a great potential, especially with those dams that are not fulfilling their function due to their age.
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Physiotherapy of dialyzed patients
MUŽÁTKOVÁ, Alena
The bachelor thesis focuses on physiotherapy of dialyzed patients. Hemodialysis is one of the options for patients with a chronic renal insufficiency. It is a therapeutic method that replaces basic functions of kidneys to remove metabolic products from blood. Patients with renal failure are the most frequent group of patients treated for a vital organ failure. Physical activity may positively influence their physical and mental health. The most important benefit of physical activity for dialyzed patients is the overall improvement of physical fitness. Further, it also helps to keep or to improve muscular strength and joint mobility and to relax and to stretch overstrained muscles. Regular exercising may improve self-sufficiency of the patients and support their independence of assistance of other persons. Self-sufficiency is particularly important for old patients so that they can continue living in their familiar environment. The objective of the thesis is to map psychomotoric condition of dialyzed patients and to propose an exercising unit for them. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with chronic renal failure in general and physical activities conducted during the disease. The practical part contains qualitative research of case reports of patients included in a regular dialysis program. The respondents were interviewed with a semi-standardized interview about their case histories. Further, they underwent dynamic tests of spine, anthropometric measurements, goniometric examination, examination of shortened and weakened muscular groups, Barthel test of basic everyday activities and 2-minute Step Test. The respondents were involved in a program with regular exercising for 10 weeks, including exercising at home based on previous instructions and exercising on a rehabilitation treadmill during hemodialysis. The main preconditions of successful physiotherapy of dialyzed patients are personal involvement and proactive approach to regular physical activity. A suitable form of physical activity may contribute to improvement of their physical fitness and mental condition. The patients, however, need to be consistent and exercise regularly on a truly long-term basis.
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Simulace a vyhodnocování otěrových procesů pro UHMPE elementů náhrady kolenního kloubu
Franta, L. ; Jeníková, Z. ; Sieber, D. ; Synková, Hana ; Pražák, Josef ; Suchánek, J.
The demands on artificial knee joint replacement are steadily increasing. Major motivation of this research project, is to increase the lifetime of present prosthesis designs .The main problem of the commonly used UHMWPE / Steel–Implants is the appearance of polyethylene wear which leads to aseptic loosening and therefore to long-term prosthesis failing. In vitro simulations can be an important instrument to predict the wear behavior of new prosthesis designs and materials. ISO 14243 has been developed to obtain comparable results testing on different in vitro simulators. The aim of this study is to verify, how the simplifications made by the in-vitro simulations influence the simulation results and how today’s prosthesis testing can be made more realistic.
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Numerické simulace náhrad kolenního kloubu - dynamická kontaktní úloha se třením
Lanzendörfer, Martin
We shortly report on our endeavour after a numerical analysis of the biomechanical conditions in the human knee joint. We present here the mathematical model of a dynamical contact problem with friction in linear elasticity. A simple time discretisation by semi-implicit scheme is described and the algebraic saddle point problem resulting from the FEM discretisation is shown. The model should help us to simulate the function of natural human joint and/or the artificial prosthesis in the context of a dynamically loaded sceleton.
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ant its Treatment
Vrátná, Sandra ; Vopršalová, Marie (advisor) ; Žáčková, Pavla (referee)
1 ABSTRACT The aim of my thesis was a comprehensive view of COPD as a separate nosological entity. A substantial section focuses on current therapy, which are listed by category as concessional and stability of drugs including their mechanism of action. Education and smoking prevention play major role during the non- pharmacological therapy , as well as the rehabilitation, which is not yet very common, but it may contribute significantly to patientś health improving. The work is also illustrative of the disease compared with bronchial asthma because of the significant similarities of these diseases, their possible replacements and overlays number of syndromes that may complicate the diagnosis of any disease. A separate chapter is devoted to innovations in treatment, which lead to new possibilities in the combination of drugs for immunotherapy, but also necessary for long-acting drugs that promote patient compliance and is seeking to increase their comfort during therapy. Given that most drugs are administered by inhalation, indicated in my work with the issue of inhalation systems, their separation and the available tools offered by the Czech market.
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Advances in antithrombotic prophylaxis and therapy
Vykrutová, Iva ; Tilšer, Ivan (advisor) ; Melicharová, Ludmila (referee)
Thrombotic disease and it's consequences are worlwide one of the leading causes of death. There are prescribed anticoagulants for treatment and prevention. Currently these prescribed drugs - cumarins, unfractioned and fractioned heparins, which have many adverse effects are tried to be replaced. This review is focused on summary informations about two new anticoagulants drug - direct inhibitor f Xa (rivaroxaban) and direct thrombin inhibitor (dabigatran), which could substitude currently used drugs in future. These new substances were clinical tested, where proved safety and efficiency. In these days their indication allow for patients after knee and hip joint replacement. Advantages of rivaroxaban and dabigatran: per os aplication once a day predictable pharmacokinetics and therapeutic response low potencial of drug interaction no needs of monitoring of coagulation Disadvantages of rivaroxaban and dabigatran: limited experience yet significant financial cost unknow antidote In the future these drug could be used for other indications.
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