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Cyclization Reactions Mediated by Transition Metals
Matoušová, Eliška ; Pour, Milan (advisor) ; Bureš, Filip (referee) ; Šrogl, Jiří (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of inorganic and organic chemistry Candidate: Mgr. Eliška Matoušová Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Milan Pour, PhD. Title of Doctoral Thesis: Cyclization reactions mediated by transition metals Within the framework of this Thesis, several analogues of naturally occurring biologically active pyranones were prepared. The synthetic procedure was based on a Pd-cata- lyzed carbopalladation of enyne precursors with subsequent lactonization. Employing this method, bicyclic pentenolides containing fused nitrogen heterocycle as well as carbocycle were synthesized. The preparation of the corresponding oxygen-containing derivative was not successful. The compounds were tested for their antifungal, anitibacterial and cytostatic activity. The second part of the Thesis deals with synthesis of furans and dihydropyrans via palladium and gold catalysis. A highly efficient method for AuI -catalyzed cyclization of propargyl vinyl ethers to dihydropyrans was developed using tris(2-furyl)phosphine as a ligand and methanol as a nucleophile. This method was employed for the preparation of 15 dihydropyran derivatives in high yields. In the absence of a nucleophile furans were formed in lower yields. Dihydropyrans undergo an as yet undescribed...
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The role of the nurse manager in facilitation of adaptation process of new employed anaesthesiological and intensive care nurse
HUDCOVÁ, Lenka
Successful coping with adaptation process by a nurse newly joining an intensive medicine workplace is quite a complicated process. Mastering sophisticated instrumentation, specialist demands of nursing care provision and everyday physical load as well as psychical stress expose each newly coming nurse to a wide spectre of demands the unconditioned coping with which is a basic precondition of successful integration to an elite team. Each incoming nurse (not just at an intensive care workplace) should be particularly supported by her nurse manager in the far from easy adaptation process, who can substantially help a new nurse adapt to the new environment and become an equivalent team member. The Thesis is aimed at the role of a nurse manager in comforting an adaptation process of a nurse joining an ARD and an ICU. The aim of the Thesis was to map the role of a nurse manager in adaptation process of a nurse joining an ARD and an ICU and to find out how such a nurse manager helps a nurse joining an ARD or an ICU with adaptation. Further aims were to map the process of adaptation of a nurse joining an ARD or an ICU itself and to examine the factors that mostly influence the adaptation process of a nurse joining an ARD or an ICU. A combination of qualitative and quantitative research was applied to the research part of the Thesis. A semi-standardized interview conducted with ARD and ICU ward sisters in selected hospitals in Prague was chosen as the data collection technique for the qualitative part. A questionnaire designed for nurses working at ARDs and ICUs in selected Prague hospitals, who themselves were undergoing or have recently undergone such an adaptation process was chosen as the data collection technique for the quantitative part. The aims of the Thesis have been met. The research results clearly showed that the adaptation process of a new nurse is not only based on effective specialist training, but also in integration of the nurse into the existing working team. It is thus necessary for a nurse manager to take sufficient care to the adaptation process and help a new nurse become an equivalent member of the team, which will thus achieve the set goals of the department as well as the whole organization under her efficient guidance. The results of our research may thus contribute to better awareness of the individual motivation factors of the adaptation process among the involved public. Upon the information found about functioning of a nurse manager in the process of adaptation of a nurse joining an ARD or an ICU a thought map was created, which might help as inspiration or as a manual for execution of this highly demanding process itself.
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Study of cytoprotective properties of novel oxidative stress-activated aroylhydrazone pro-chelators of iron
Macháček, Miloslav ; Šimůnek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Lenčová, Olga (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Bc. Miloslav Macháček Supervisor: Doc. PharmDr. Tomáš Šimůnek, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Study of cytoprotective properties of novel oxidative stress-activated aroylhydrazone prochelators of iron Oxidative stress plays an important role in many disorders including cardiovascular diseases. Fenton reaction catalysed by intracellular redox-active iron is an important source of highly reactive and toxic hydroxyl radicals. Hence, shielding of free iron ions seems to be an advantageous strategy for prevention of further propagation of oxidative stress and myocardial damage. Results from our laboratory as well as other groups have shown promising cardioprotective effect in vitro as well as in vivo experiments. On the other hand, excessive depletion of iron may result in toxicity to the cells. The aim of this project was therefore to examine new iron prochelators, which chelating activity develops only after activation by reactive oxygen species. Boronyl ester of salicylaldehyde isonicotinoyl hydrazone (BSIH) and its derivate BSIH-PD were examined in vitro for their potential protective properties against toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, own toxicities of studied compounds...
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Psychological Aspects of Substitutional Family Care in Prague after 1989
Vyšatová, Klára ; Šturma, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Šulová, Lenka (referee)
The subject of submitted diploma thesis is primarily adoption and psychological aspects of substitutional family care in Prague after 1989. Diploma thesis deals with possibilities of substitutional family care in the Czech republic and process of adoption in Prague. My work is divided into two parts, the first theoretical part is oriented on clarification of basic terms such as family, parenthood, adoptive family and adoptive parenthood. In this part are mentioned possibilities of substitutional family care and process of adoption, highly- developed, history of adoption, form of this process in Prague and basic questions inseparable from adoption, e.g. identity of adoptive parents and adopted child, if it is good idea to tell the child about adoption, how to recognize healthy, good adoptive family. The experimental part of the thesis is examined on process of adoption and adoptive parents, their experience with preparation for adoption and integration of the child into the family. Key words: Substitutional Family Care, Adoption, Adoptive Parents, Adopted Child
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Local politics in Greater Prague. Municipal elections, political parties and elected bodies in the years 1923 - 1938
Švec, Michal ; Jüptner, Petr (advisor) ; Švec, Kamil (referee)
in English The aim of this thesis is to explain the institutional setting of the political system of Greater Prague (polity) - especially the electoral system and institutional structures - and then in this located space realize real encounters and cooperation of political parties (politics). Working in its first chapter deals with the identification, evaluation or sources from which it is based. The second chapter briefly depicts the development of public administration in Prague and the creation of Greater Prague in 1922. In the third chapter, there are defined authorities, where the Prague municipal affairs usually took place, and their competence. The fourth chapter explains the functioning of the electoral system, which was an important determinant of the form of the party system. The electoral system with highly proportional effects allowed representation of number of parties (mainly arising from the cleavages in the society). The most powerful political parties, operating in the central council, are briefly introduced, including their prominent protagonists of the Prague City Hall. In the extensive sixth chapter, the results of municipal elections from the years 1923- 1938 are compared in time and space of the city. The observed territorial differences of electoral support are cartographic...
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The Role of Human Sco1, Sco2, Surf1 and Oxa1l in the Biogenesis of the Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation System
Stibůrek, Lukáš ; Zeman, Jiří (advisor) ; Entlicher, Gustav (referee) ; Pelouch, Václav (referee)
Disertační práce byla vypracována v Laboratoři pro studium mitochondriálních poruch, Kliniky dětského a dorostového lékařství a 1.LF UK v Praze. Studium mitochondriální biogeneze a jejích poruch, a to především s ohledem na biogenezi systému oxidativní fosforylace (OXPHOS), zaznamenalo v uplynulém desetiletí mimořádný pokrok. Znalost kompletní sekvence lidského genomu, spolu s výsledky elegantních kvasinkových studií zaměřených na identifikaci respiračně významných genových produktů, dovolila molekulární identifikaci a následné studium biochemické podstaty celé řady lidských mitochondriálních patologií. Tyto studie odhalují molekulární a biochemické mechanismy etiopatogeneze těchto chorob a současně přinášejí nové unikátní informace o lidské mitochondriální biogenezi jako takové. Výsledky a původní publikace prezentované v této disertační práci se týkají snahy o pochopení molekulárních rolí lidských asemblačních faktorů Sco1, Sco2, Surf1 a Oxa1l v biogenezi multimerních membránových komplexů lidského systému OXPHOS. Prezentovaná data ukazují, že lidské asemblační faktory Sco1 a Sco2 fungují vysoce tkáňově specifickým způsobem na úrovni odlišných posttranslačních kroků maturace podjednotky Cox2 cytochrom c oxidázy (CcO). Prezentovaná data dále naznačují, že oba výše zmíněné lidské SCO proteiny, a asemblační...
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Integration of migrants. Case of French in Czech Republic
Klusák, Miroslav ; Suša, Oleg (advisor) ; Duffková, Jana (referee)
This master thesis focuses on integration of highly skilled professionals from Western Europe to East Central Europe. The analysis develops on case study of French managers and their families as temporary labour migrants settled in Prague. The phenomenon of migration of highly qualified work force from the West to the East of Europe becomes more frequent, and thus attracts more and more the interest of researchers. These West European managers, "nomadic elite", come often with their families for five years in average, after which they return to the country of their origin, or move to another destination. The qualitative analysis of interviews discloses that, during their stay in Czech Republic, they do integrate in to the life of society by a specific manner. On one hand, they do enter in contact with local majority society, establish some relationships, but at the same time they do create French community with strong links to France. They do accept very few cultural habits of majority population. Only in the sphere of language and alimentary culture it means that they do not identify with local cultural customs. Such form of integration is facilitated by simple proximity of French and Czech cultures in the context of integrating European Union.
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Existential meaning in senior age
Hrdličková, Vladimíra ; Šulová, Lenka (referee) ; Drlíková, Eva (advisor)
This dissertation deals with the meaning of life for the seniors. The theoretical part deals with the phenomenon of old age and the phenomenon of meaning of life in general in its first two chapters. The other two chapters are focused on description of senior population in the Czech Republic and the fin-dings in the area of studying the meaning of life for people in senior age. The empirical part is focused on understanding the meaning of life for seniors, students of the University of the Third Age Courses of Philosophical Faculty of the Charles University in Prague. There is a rightful expectation that the examined phenomenon will be highly fulfilled in this group. A narrative design of the re-search was used for understanding and description of the meaning of life for seni-ors. A story of looking for and finding the meaning of life in the senior age was created on the basis of analysis and interpretation of written texts. The story shows that seniors head for past, present as well as future when looking for the meaning of life. They try to connect their life to past to make one meaningful complex. If they succeed the past becomes an important source of meaning for them. At present seniors focus on meaningful use of their free time, on keeping their autonomy, op-timalization of the social network and on...
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Pasquale Anfossi and Italian opera in Prague
Niubo, Marc ; Gabrielová, Jarmila (advisor) ; Jakubcová, Alena (referee) ; Sehnal, Jiří (referee)
lt was in the first half of 1780s that the theatre at Count Thun's palace hosted the Italian Opera, one of the leading musical institutions of 18th century Prague. And it was this period that saw operas by the ltalian composer Pasquale Anfossi (1727-1797) strongly represented in its repertory. While Anfossi enjoyed success and popularity during ms lifetime, the current awareness of his works is superficial and selective as the interest in ms music has so far been limited mostly to comparison with Mozart due his setting of La finta giardiniera (Rome 1774). The present thesis seeks to shed light on some problematic issues in Anfossi's biography and analyzes his opera lsabella e Rodrigo (Venice 1776, libretto by Giovanni Bertati) produced in Prague in 1783. lsabella e Rodrigo represents a rare variant of the opera buffa featuring an adventure plot with an active female protagonist. In order to avoid forced marriage, Isabella flees her father's house, and at a later point - in Turkish captivity - tries the faithfulness of her fiancé. Compared with other works by Anfossi and his contemporaries, lsabella e Rodrigo seems unexceptional. Although Anfossi displays his skill in characterization of characters as well as his dramatic experience, some of the highly inspired passages appear side by side with routine,...
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Czech language at Deutsche Schule Prag
Kubů, Helena ; Šebesta, Karel (advisor) ; Uličný, Oldřich (referee)
I have analysed the education conception of the subject Czech as a foreign language at the elementary school Deutsche Schule Prag (German School in Prague) and subsequently I have researched character of usage and interference deformations of Czech language in written communication by German speaking pupils. The complex illustration of teaching, its aims, contents and methods can serve other pedagogues as a source of inspiration and simultaneously the methodical instruction, how to teach foreign languages. The conception of Deutsche Schule Prag is highly valued for several aspects. At first, the school respects a natural cognitive progress of pupils in their education model, therefore selects adequate teaching methods, aims, contents and types of exercises in consideration of the pupil' s age and its cognitive ski11s. Primarily poses c1aims corresponding with children's possibilities and also with norms of Common European Pramework: Learning, Teaching, Assessment (CEF). Secondly emphasises often neglected communication character of language in the c1asswork. Pupils do not leam language components apart and without context. On the contrary they acquire complex conversation situations and phrases of foreign language in order to be able to communicate verbally and in writing at the soonest. Thirdly, in the...
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