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February 1948 in the Presidential office
Trpišovská, Jana ; Rychlík, Jan (advisor) ; Kvaček, Robert (referee)
The aim of this thesis is not to describe again what happened in Czechoslovakia in February 1948, but to present the role of the Presidential office in that political crisis and the role of president Edvard Beneš himself - how much power he had and what could he really do to solve the crisis of that time. After the short introduction to the situation, which led us to the end of the Second World War, follows the presentation of the Presidential office with its departments and employees, who worked there and later published their memories about February 1948. The most important was the presidential chancelor Jaromír Smutný, who worked for a short time for the next president Klement Gottwald as well, and after that he escaped abroad. Their memoirs will be compared with the memoirs of other political icons of that time. Memories wrote nacional socialists Huber Ripka, Prokop Drtina and Ota Hora, communist Bed ich Rattinger was writing a diary in February 1948, the situation in the Presidential office described Jaromír Smutný, Miroslav Jirásek and František Škarvan. The other persons, who are important as well, are ambassador Eduard Táborský, Swedisch friend of Hana and Edvard Beneš Amelie Posse-Brázdová and journalist Ferdinand Peroutka. From the archival documents would be used the materials from the...
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Activities of the District Action Committee of the National Front in Brandýs nad Labem after 21 February 1948
Sedlmeier, Aleš ; Jančík, Drahomír (advisor) ; Kubů, Eduard (referee)
This work concerns the activities of the District Action Committee of National Front in Brandýs nad Labem between the years 1948 and 1950. In particular it deals with the topic of communist repression against differently thinking individuals, who took an active part in public life, political parties or associations such as Sokol. It details the formation, structure and functioning of action committees and their relation to the national committees. Next, the work concerns the committees' intervention in economics or in parliamentary elections in 1948 in relation to the repressions against action committees.
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Analysis of foundations of the transition to centrally planned economy in post-war Czechoslovakia (1945-1953)
Smetanová, Kateřina ; Jakubec, Ivan (advisor) ; Váňa, Daniel (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on an analysis of the foundations which enabled and simplified the transition to centrally planned economy in post-war Czechoslovakia. The theoretical part concentrates mainly on the period of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia which is assessed in this thesis to enable a better understanding of all the issues and consequences involved. The main areas analyzed and evaluated in this thesis are political, economical and social factors that predetermined further development. The analysis of factors mentioned above is used to explain and clarify the circumstances of the takeover in February 1948, the origin and principle could already be recognized much earlier. This bachelor thesis also offers a consideration of the so-called closing period of socialist transformation and culmination of the initial wave of power consolidation. The post-war enthusiasm and ideas were changed into ideology that lasted for several decades. The author of this bachelor thesis concludes that the February takeover was not completed in a short period of time but represented the logical outcome of pre-war, war and post-war policies.
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Milada Horáková - the confrontation with the contemporary ideal of the Soviet women
Romanová, Blanka ; Rataj, Jan (advisor) ; Houda, Přemysl (referee)
The aim of my thesis is to give an objective portrait of Milada Horakova, to describe her value world that matches Masaryk's humanistic ideals of democracy and notions of the political system of socializing parliamentary democracy and finally to find out how she differed from the contemporary ideal of the Soviet women. The first chapter is devoted to Milada Horakova, her private and professional life and her public studies. The second chapter deals with the Czech-Russian relation, February the 1948 and subsequent events. I also tried to capture the picture of the contemporary Soviet women in this chapter. In the last chapter I described the political process, especially how was Milada Horakova presented by communistic regime during the process.
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Marshall Plan and Czechoslovakia
Pazdera, Lukáš ; Soběhart, Radek (advisor) ; Stellner, František (referee)
This Bachelor Essay considers the topic of Czechoslovakia and The Marshall Plan. Its hypothesis is that it's one of the most important event of 20th century Czechoslovakian history, which influenced postwar development and heralded the coming to power of the communists in 1948. Another important element is the change in international politics, which was the beginning of the Cold War's emergence of bad relations between the two great powers, the United States of America and the Soviet Union. Important roles were also played by other changes in the postwar development of Czechoslovakia, such as the expulsion of the Germans, land and currency reform, or the election in 1946. The main conclusion of the essay is that Czechoslovakia was not prepared with a clear concept of foreign policy and that negotiations about the Marshall Plan were only at the political level and lacked economic analysis. The key factor of the rejection of the Marshall Plan is considered to be the excessive trust in the foreign policies of the Soviet Union and the Czechoslovakian alliance with it.
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Nationalisation processin Czechoslovakia in second half of 40's 20th century
Štětka, Petr ; Jakubec, Ivan (advisor) ; Tajovský, Ladislav (referee)
This thesis describes the Czechoslovakian nationalisation process of private sector. It was realised in two main phases from 1945 to 1948. The thesis considers political context of this process. Czechoslovakian economy was in crisis after second world. This fact was a resouce for huge economic reforms, mainly the nationalisation of heavy industry and financial sector. Complicated political situation caused political crisis ended by communist coup d'eat in February 1948. There was another nationalisation tide shortly after February.
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The postwar period of the Monastery Teplá, 1945 - 1950
MIKEŠOVÁ, Anna
The work deals with the postwar period of Monastery Teplá in the years 1945 - 1950. It records the renewal of the monastery after the war and transfer of German religious and priests. Special attention is focused on the problems with the establishment of communism in the year 1948 and impact of the communist upheaval upon the life in this monastery. It is based on the archival sources and on the witnesses testimonies. The first part introduces Premonstratensian friary in the world, the first friary information in the Czech Republic, the history and the importance of the friary. The second part deals with the Monastery Teplá itself, its founders, it represents the history and the importance of the monastery. The last part is the most comprehensive and key part of the whole work. It describes the life in the monastery at the end of the Second World War and the life of the prior H. J. Tyl.
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Communist Propaganda in February 1948
Černá, Veronika ; Rataj, Jan (advisor) ; Houda, Přemysl (referee)
This study focuses on a communist propaganda in Czechoslovakia during the coup d'état in February 1948. First chapter analyses position of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia in cultural, informational and media sphere in a state. Second chapter describes a development of propaganda in years from 1945 to 1948 and propagandistic topics based on research of newspaper articles published in Rude pravo. At the end the study concentrates on a fact that those topics were given their specific form in particular campaigns in February 1948, when they were used for manipulating and mobilization of Czechoslovak and especially Czech citizens.
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Economic development of Czechoslovakia in the years 1945-1948
Sauer, Radek ; Jakubec, Ivan (advisor) ; Soběhart, Radek (referee)
Thesis deals with the postwar economical development in Czechoslovakia, in particular it covers the period from 1945 to 1948. At first it focuses on situation right after the end of WWII, especially on the conditions ruling in the Czechoslovak economy and on possible directions of its future economical restoration. The crucial part in this issue belonged to aid received from international organization UNNRA. The courses of UNNRA's aid as well as the supply of its goods are described in detail. Thesis then follows the political development in postwar period, it mainly concentrates on the acceptance of The Kosice Government Programme and its economical consequences in form of land and monetary reform. Special chapter is then dedicated to nationalization. After parliamentary elections in 1946 thesis focuses on two-year plan of economical restoration and its particular aspects. In relation to unsatisfactory conditions in 1947 thesis contains the reasons for rejection of Marshall Plan. Thesis ends with the February 1948economical changes and the commence of the communist era.
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Trade Union movement in the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic in the years 1948- 1960
Hašková, Kateřina ; Váňa, Daniel (advisor) ; Soběhart, Radek (referee)
My bachelor work deals with the Trade Union movement in the Czechoslovak Republic in the years 1948 -- 1960. Chapter I concerns itself with the foundation of the Revolutionary Union Movement in 1945 and its organization structure. Further chapters map the development and the role of Union movement under the new post-February Czechoslovakia's political and economic circumstances. The fundamental chapters refer to the relationships between Unions and Communist power, the position of Unions in the socialist system and within the National Front, and the relationships between Unions and the socialist state. One of the chapters deals with the role of Unions and methods of Union movement. I am seeking to illustrate a general view of the 1950s Union movement and analyze the relationship between Unions and political power in the given period. My work is grounded on the published sources and the latest special literature.
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