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Inhaled analgesia nitrous oxide during labour.
BŘEZINOVÁ, Nicola
Childbirth is a physiological activity, every woman who is planning a baby, she must also prepare for this process. Unfortunately, many women have a great fear of childbirth. Whether this fear relates to an unknowen environment, or the willingness or unwillingness of medical staff, so it usually refers to the fear of pain, which is inevitable in childbirth. Some women are supporters of Unmitigated pain, but we live in the 21st century, where the history of medicine got progressed very forward. And so, it is possible to allow the woman natural childbirth, but also women can be easily remedied from the pain, and I think that a woman need not be ashamed that, she would like to have a rest during this process, which is made possible thanks to analgesia, but also leads birth to a successful conclusion. Another fear that accompanies women in childbirth is fear of the baby. Most women also rejects painkiller because of negative effects on the child. Of course, there is quite extensive choice in pharmaceutical market of how to relieve the pain of women in childbirth. The most commonly used and most popular among women is epidural analgesia, or infusion of semi-synthetic opioid nalbuphine. When using the infusion solution application is the easiest. If women choose epidural analgesia, the next question from women is if the application hurts and what the risks are. It is well known among the public that this method is invasive, but it has demonstrable effects. Another option is the inhalation of nitrous oxide, which this purely theoretical treatment thesis is dedicated. The task of this thesis is to do the summery of the latest information. Which contains both positive aspects and negative aspects that this product carries. In this work I also presented places abroad where the use of this product is big, but also places like the USA, where the product is not used. In the Czech Republic there are hospitals which offer this analgesic method, but usage is relatively small or none. But there are hospitals where this product is in high demand. The greatest demand for this type of analgesia is at suture birth injury. In this case the composition is typically placed on a doctor and is free. But there are, of course, hospitals where you have to pay for it. Prices in our country are very different. But it is clear that this analgesia is a golden center. It has an easy application, the effect is not as comparable as with epidural analgesia, but it is completely non-invasive. Thanks to its analgesic effect stress in mothers is also releasing and the course of childbirth can improve. If a woman does not want to use this analgesia during labor, it can be selected at the suture of birth injury and the effect will be guaranteed. A significant problem in our country is that this product is not covered by health insurance. There are hospitals where epidural analgesia is charged. In contrast, the laughing gas is unknown to the public. Although there is INKA program in the Czech Republic that I have also mentioned in my work and which is intended to raise public awareness of analgesia during labor. Apart from information about nitrous oxide analgesia I have mentioned childbirth management and pain management in my theoretical thesis. In these chapters I deal with the management of childbirth at different diagnoses, as well as the leadership of birth from the perspective of the famous French obstetrician Leboyera Odent. I tried to create the whole concept work so that the individual chapters follow, because I think that childbirth pain and subsequent pain is very common. I mentioned an intresting thing in pain management which is hypnosis during childbirth. This method is also a novelty within the obstetrical analgesia, but it depends on the susceptibility and the readiness of women to use this method in practice. Susceptibility of women is also very important in the application of any analgesic methods in childbirth.
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The psychological boundary of nurses separating professional and maternal roles
Laušmanová, Alexandra ; Prchalová, Eva (advisor) ; Rybářová, Marie (referee) ; Štefančíková, Mariana (referee)
Author: Alexandra Laušmanová Institute: Institute of social medicine FM CU in Hradec Králové Nursing department Title: The Psychological Boundary of Nurses separating Professional and Maternal Roles Supervisor: Bc. Eva Prchalová Number of pages: 131 Number of attachments: 4 Year of defense: 2007 Keywords: psychological boundary, social role, family, child needs, psychological strain on nurses, work conditions of nurses, realistic options in compatibility of professional and parent role This bachelor paper deals with the psychological boundaries separating a nurse's professional role and her role as mother. The aim was to discern the psychological boundaries of nurses between their professional and maternal roles. We discuss the conditions under which nurses are still willing to work in a multishift working schedule, the level of motivation that compels them to do such work and determine eventual negative feelings they may have towards the problem of professional and parental role compatibility. The paper refers to the difficulties facing the professional and parental role compatibility in the present working conditions for nurses working in a multishift work schedule. The physical and psychological strain on the nurses is particularly emphasized - a mother's negative feelings that she expresses...
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Measurement methods of children body temperature
PLECITÁ, Aneta
Current status: Body temperature belongs to the physiological functions. In nursing procedure, it is the responsibility of the nurse to focus on body temperature and to check its value. If the value of body temperature fluctuates, the child's balance is affected. The standard body temperature is 36-36,9 °C. A general nurse monitors the patient's body temperature 3 times during the day, if the temperature does not reach an elevated level. At higher temperatures, the temperature is monitored at more frequent intervals. Currently there are many types of thermometers, which facilitate and accelerate nurses' monitoring of temperature. Objective of the research: The aim is to monitor the level of compliance with the principles of correct measurement of body temperature, as well as map out ways of measuring body temperature. The following research questions were selected: To what extent do nurses comply with the principles of correct measurement of body temperature? In what way is body temperature usually measured? Methodology: For compilation of the thesis, a form of qualitative research was selected and used. To obtain information, the techniques of in-depth interviewing and covert observation were used. Data collection took place during the month of February 2016. Results: The transcribed interviews were analyzed in depth, with the help of the paper and pencil method of open coding. From the analysis of data, four categories emerged: the use of thermometers, the procedure for measuring body temperature, nursing procedure at an elevated body temperature, training in the field of body temperature. Individual categories are assigned subcategories, into which core data are encoded. Everything is presented in clear diagrams of individual categories. Observation of nurses was carried out covertly and without any notification. For monitoring temperature, interviewed nurses most frequently used the ear thermometer, which they maintain is reliable. From observation it was clear that none of the respondents followed hand hygiene procedures before measuring temperature. Conclusion: The research shows that the questioned and observed nurses have an overall knowledge of the principles and methods of measuring body temperature. Both research questions were answered. Nurses reported the methods used in the measurement of body temperature. But despite this there are deficiencies in every area, and there is room for further expansion of theoretical knowledge and practical experience.
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HIV/AIDS infection and some ethics aspects connecting with this disease
Staněk, Josef ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Lorman, Jaroslav (referee)
Staněk, J. HIV/AIDS infection and some ethics aspects connecting with this disease. Prague 2010. Dissertation. Bachelor's study. Charles University, Prague. Catholic Theological Fakulty. Departement of Theological Ethics and Spiritualist Theology. Head of study: PhDr. Libor Ovečka, Th.D. Keywords: HIV/AIDS, infection disease, prevention, therapy, moral theology, Christian Values The goal of the dissertation is to give some informations on ethics problems connecting with HIV/AIDS infection.Partly informing about these problems, partly solving these problems. The first chapter describes illness, its origin and history, statistic dates in the world and in our country, the way of the transmission, diagnostic and therapy of this disease and prevention. In the following part the problem of serological examination is analysed and also some problems around information about of this disease, about nursing problems and ethics aspect of HIV therapy. The right of the positive persons to get married and to give birth to a child is discussed. Finally, problematics of disease's acquirement, the process of dying and death is also discussed. I tis all reflected throw the catholic moral theology.
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Comparison of two concrete salesians youth centre in Spain and in the Czech Republic
EL ASMAI, Jaroslava
The work deals with historical, theoretical and ideological base of salesians educational style and its impletion in practice. There is example of two concrete salesians youth centers from two different countries ? Spain and Czech Republic. In the beginning of the essay the founder of salesians Don Bosco is presented in context of the times and other distinct elements with involves his individuality and social activity. Then we get to the preventive system the basic method of salesians and its context in present. Because the essay compares two centers from two countries, there is short characteristic of salesians activity nowadays in the world, especially in both states where are the compared youth centers ? in Spain it is ?Asociación periferia? and in Czech Republic it is?Salesiánské středisko mládeže ? dům dětí a mládeže České Budějovice?. Each centre is introduced in generous and then could be done the comparison according to the criterions. Chosen criterions are: target group, competence to social assistance and complexity action at nurse-child. Each criterion is at first described in relation to Don Bosco and then concretely how it works in both centers. At the foot of each criterion is summing-up if the center infill the criterion or not.
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Educational Approach in Children's home and Kindergarten
Soukupová, Martina ; Koťátková, Soňa (advisor) ; Marádová, Eva (referee)
The bachelor thesis looks on to the attitudes of the teachers in a particular type of a nursery school - nursery school with some principles of Step by Step approach and of the nurses in a particular type of children's home - Dětské centrum. In the theoretic part it processes theoretic and technical pieces of knowledge about preschool child in the family, in the nursery school and in the educational institution outside of the family. In the practical part it finds out how the spontaneous and the controlled activities in both of the institutions take place, what is their daily proportion and who and how makes the plans of them. The thesis also looks into the teacher's and nurse's methods and approaches of their work, how the free play of the children take place, in which manner is it interfered (in the institutions) and what are the games and the toys available for the children.
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Perception and coping with the specific learning disabilities impacts on everyday life of children with this diagnosis
Vilímová, Zuzana ; Kucharská, Anna (advisor) ; Špačková, Klára (referee)
TITLE: Perception and coping with the specific learning disabilities impacts on everyday life of children with this diagnosis. ABSTRACT This text is focused on recognition of impacts of the specific learning disabilities on everyday life as the children with this diagnosis themselves see it and the strategies used by these children in order to cope with these disabilities. The theoretical part summarizes the necessary knowledge of the early school age developmental stage, the interaction of a child with the family, and briefly the stress and the coping. The results of last year's mothers of specific learning disabilities diagnosed children research are also presented. The empirical part is based on semi-structured interviews with six children diagnosed with the specific learning disabilities attending fourth or fifth grade of primary school. Based on it's qualitative analysis, the thesis attempts to clarify how the specific learning disabilities diagnosed children perceive and experience the impacts of this disabilities on them and how do they cope with it. KEYWORDS specific learning disabilities (SLD), child, family, school, failures, coping strategy
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Selected auxological aspects of autism in children
Blovská, Petra ; Zemková, Daniela (referee) ; Krásničanová, Hana (advisor)
5 Abstract Introduction. Autism is a severe developmental disorder with a neurobiological basis, whose etiology has yet to be fully clarified. It is a multi-factorial illness, influenced largely by genetic predispositions as well as external factors. The goal of this paper was to determine basic auxological attributes of male autistic patients with incomplete growth and to describe how this complex disorder of a developing brain alters somatic development of these severely ill individuals. Data and Method. The study is founded on transversal data of 69 boys from the whole of Czech Republic with the diagnosis child autism and age from 3,3 to 13,4 years. All patients were examined at the Department of Clinical Anthropology of the Pediatric Clinic, Motol University Hospital, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, in the period from 2000 to 2008. Attributes that objectify state of growth, state of nourishment and cranium size were measured. A part of the study was also the evaluation of the influence of heredity on body height and cranium size. The collected auxological data were converted to SDS, the results were tested by means of a one-sample t-test. Results. Boys with autism have significantly decreased body height (x̄ = −0,36 ± 1,12, p = 0,010), midparental height in accordance with standards and...
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Sectio caesarea on women´s request
VOJÍKOVÁ, Lucie
ABSTRACT Cesarean section by request of a para Cesarean section is a surgery terminating pregnancy in the third term and during the delivery. This surgery has been known already from the before Christ period. Cesarean section currently belongs to the most often carried out obstetrics surgeries. Much untrue and misleading information about the Cesarean section spreads among pregnant women; such as that a woman can decide herself whether to undergo the Cesarean section or to deliver her child vaginally. Pre-operative examination and an examination of health condition of the para to undergo the surgery precede the surgery itself. The medical action consists in providing the para with anaesthesia and opening uterine cavity through abdominal wall. After arrival of the child there follows uterine cavity revision, closing and sutura treatment of the section. All the above described is done under a strict asepsis and antisepsis in the presence of erudite doctors and nurses. The Bachelor{\crq}s Thesis set three targets. The first one was to find out if women are informed about the legal regulations related to a Cesarean section. The second target was to find out whether women prefer natural delivery to Cesarean section regardless of the fact whether they were giving birth or were pregnant. And the third one was to find out an interest of women in Cesarean section by request regardless of medical indication. Corresponding hypotheses were assigned to the targets. Hypothesis No. 1 says: Women are not sufficiently informed about the legal regulations regarding Cesarean section by request. Hypothesis No.2 says: Women prefer vaginal delivery to Cesarean section. Hypothesis No. 3 says: Women are not interested in Cesarean section by request without medical indication. The research was carried out using a questionnaire containing 21 questions answered by women in-patient at the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics or attending Obstetric out-patient department of Nemocnice České Budějovice a.s. Based on the research hypothesis No. 1 was prove as 43.75 % of questioned women sad to be informed about the legal regulations. The remaining two hypotheses were proved by the research. The conclusion of this thesis is finding out that the questioned women were rather well informed about legal regulations regarding Cesarean section by request. The women also mostly agreed that vaginal delivery is less risky and they would like to terminate their pregnancy by natural delivery. The research also found out that women are not interested in Cesarean section by request. This thesis could be used as an information booklet for pregnant women interested in Cesarean section. They could receive complex information about the Cesarean section.
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Quality of life of children with atopic dermatitis and their families
Jiráková, Anna Aleksandra ; Göpfertová, Dana (advisor) ; Dohnal, Karel (referee) ; Pospíšilová, Alena (referee)
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common childhood inflammatory skin diseases. As a chronic disease it can have a physical and psychological effect on the social functioning of the affected child as well as his family. The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of life (QoL) of children with AD and their families. A total of 636 children with the diagnosis of AD and naevi, aged from newborns to 18 years and 636 of their parents took part in our study. All participants, according to their age, completed the questionnaires: Infants' Dermatitis Quality of Life Index (IDQOL), Childrens' Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI)- text and cartoon version and Dermatitis Family Impact Questionnaire (DFI). We gained statistically significant differences in the mean scores between children with the diagnosis of AD and children with the diagnosis naevi. We also gained differences of mean scores in different age groups of patients with AD. The highest and statistically proven score was in the oldest group of children with AD (9,85) then in the group from 7 to 13 years (8,33) and the lowest in the group of children from newborns to 6 years (7,84). Question with the highest score in all age groups of children with AD was the question about: "itching and scratching". There was also proven an influence...
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