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Experiential education and its place at school
Slaninová, Gabriela ; Koťa, Jaroslav (referee) ; Valenta, Josef (advisor)
According to its orientation, the thesis can be clasified among theoretical-empiric works. It deals with experiential education at basic and secondary schools and grammar schools (gymnasiums). It represents an attempt to create an empirical probe into these type of schools with aim to find whether the schools have teachers that apply experiential education into the educational process. Further the guestion is raised as to what teachers from experiential education use, what proved good, where they see problems and whether they learn experiential education in their practice. The metod of questionnaire with parametrical questions in guantitative part and method of questionnaire with possibility of free answers in qualitative part were used for the search. Investigation proved that less than half of the interviewed pedagogues use experiential education in their practice though some of those who do not use this method would gladly introduce it into the process of education. The teachers mostly use activities oriented to support work in groups and improvement of interpersonal relations and the activities conclude with final analysis. In nature, majority of pedagogues include physically demanding appeal activities and try with their pupils training of crisis situations with following reflection. Based on this...
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Differentiation of Seniors Lifestyle
Chalupová, Pavla ; Duffková, Jana (advisor) ; Lupač, Petr (referee)
Cílem práce je přiblížit problematiku stárnutí a stáří jako určité specifické fáze životního cyklu, popsat jednotlivé oblasti životního stylu seniorů a poukázat na jejich diferenciaci, především na základě jednotlivých sociodemografických charakteristik. Zaměřuji se na současnou situaci seniorů v ČR. Teoretická část je rozdělena do tří kapitol. V první se zabývám problematikou stárnutí a stáří z obecného hlediska. Uvádím jak je možné stáří definovat a jaké jsou sociologické teorie stárnutí a stáří. Dále uvádím historický kontext vnímání stáří. Zmiňuji také jaké důsledky má stárnutí obyvatelstva pro jedince i společnost. Druhá kapitola je věnována sociálním a psychologickým aspektům života seniorů. Představuji zde jednotlivé oblasti života seniorů, jako jsou rodina a mezigenerační vztahy, volný čas a bydlení. Zmiňuji také problematiku ageismu. Třetí kapitola je věnována demografickým aspektům, tedy jakým způsobem docházelo k vývoji velikosti a struktury populace seniorů v její současnou podobu. Výzkumná část práce je věnována životnímu stylu seniorů.Cílem výzkumu je na základě rozhovorů popsat jednotlivé oblasti životního stylu seniorů a ukázat, zda a jakým způsobem se odlišují. V rozhovorech jsem sledovala oblasti každodennosti, zaměstnaní, zdraví, finanční aspekty a oblast životních hodnot....
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Electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical study of nanocrystalline TiO2 anatase with exposed (001) faces
Lásková, Barbora ; Zukalová, Markéta ; Bouša, Milan ; Kavan, Ladislav ; Liska, P. ; Grätzel, M.
The electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical behavior ot TiO2 anatase with a predominant (001) face was studied and compared to a reference anatase material with dominating (101) face. The electrochemical measurements indicate that Li-ion insertion/extraction is facilitated for TiO2 anatase with (001) faces as compared to (101) one. The performance of both different crystal morphologies as a photoanode material in DSC (dye sensitized solar cell) was tested too. The (001) face adsorbed smaller amount of the used dye sensitizer (C101) but provides larger open circuit voltage (Uoc) of the solar cell. The different band energetics of both particular morphologies was suggested to be the reason for the voltage enhancement of the device employing (001) anatase. To prove our hypothesis and determine their flatband potential, a spectroelectrochemical study of transparent films of nanocrystalline (001) and (101) anatase on coaducting glass was carried out. UV/Vis spectra were measured at potentials between 0 and -1.4V vs SCE and confirmed the negative shift of flatband potential for (001) anatase as compared to (101) one.
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Characteristics of the Chen Attractor
Augustová, Petra ; Beran, Zdeněk
Within the paper a mathematical representation of the so-called Chen model is described as a particular parametric three-dimensional chaotic dynamical system, i.e. a system of three nonlinear differential equations evolving in time. The main aim of this paper is to find for the Chen system the properties that are known for the Lorenz system and its famous Lorenz attractor. First, the integrals of motion are derived for some parameters of the Chen system. The integrals of motions play an important role in physics, e.g. for conservation laws. Next, the shape of the global attractor of this system is approximated by volumes that contain the attractor. The shape predicts the future behavior of the system. To obtain these results, the already proved fact that the Chen system is a continued transition of the Lorenz system is used. According to our knowledge, the same approach of shifting the known facts about the Lorenz system to a newdynamical system, the Chen system in this context, has not been presented yet.
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The influence of geomagnetism on the behavior of wild ducks
CHODIL, Josef
This work consists in an influence of the earth?s magnetic field to the orientation of the landing of wild ducks on a water surface. Some of the animal species perceive the magnetic field and they can use it for their orientation (migratory birds, bats, underground rodents, turtles and newts) Another variant of perceiving the magnetic field are the natural reactions (move tendency of cattle and deer at the pasturage, the orientation of carp in vats). Landing of wild ducks to a water surface is an unwilled reaction of perceiving the magnetic field. The material for this work was gained by the direct observation in nature. Observation was realized during the different terms of day and during the weather changes. The following data were written down: arrival, landing preparation, whole landing, wind power and the direction, weather conditions, disturbing influences, the position of sun, the distance of the bank during the landing. The analysis of acquired information proved the wild ducks prefer the southeast direction during the landing on a water surface.
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On quantile optimization problem with censored data
Volf, Petr
In the framework of stochastic optimization the criterion based on selected quantiles is considered. Further, stochastic characteristics are estimated from censored data. Therefore, certain theoretical results concerning estimators of distribution function and quantiles under censoring are recalled and utilized to prove consistency of solution based on estimates. Behavior of solutions for finite data sizes is studied with the aid of randomly generated example.
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The specifics of pediatric radiology
KOLÁŘOVÁ, Veronika
Hardly anything is able to induce stronger emotions in the average man than those induced by matters relating to children. Paediatric patients are not little adults, so not only high-quality modern instrumentation and specific procedures, but also the medical staff?s professional attitude and an adapted environment are desirable when applying radiologic diagnostic imaging techniques. The priority requirement is generally to minimize the radiation burden ? both the overall dose and especially the gonadal dose. In terms of radiation protection, it applies twice to children that the indication for the use of an examination must always be thoroughly considered. A paediatric radiologist must always accurately determine the correct sequence of individual methods (a so-called examination algorithm) that will give the best diagnostic result with the lowest radiation burden and invasiveness. The aim of this bachelor?s thesis was to analyze the difference in a radiology assistant?s approach to a child and to an adult during radiology examinations and to determine whether a child and his/her legal guardian, if any, have sufficient information when the child undergoes radiology examinations. To clear up the aims of the bachelor?s thesis, research using a technique in which two questionnaires were used was used to collect data. The questionnaires were in both the printed form and the electronic form. The surveys took place in selected radiology departments in Strakonice, in Pisek, in Plzeň, and in Ústí nad Labem. The respondents chose from the answer options for some questions and filled in their answers for the others. The respondents? answers are represented using graphs in the ?Results? chapter. The individual graphs are described there and the most interesting answers to questionnaire questions are supplemented by general thoughts and my personal assumptions and opinions in the following ?Discussion? chapter. The practical part of the bachelor?s thesis proves that the aim of the thesis was achieved. The research questions were answered. The surveys found that the answer to the first research question, i.e. whether radiography assistants take a different approach to a child and to an adult when applying radiological imaging methods, was ?yes?. Radiography assistants take a different approach to a child and to an adult. The answer to the second research question, i.e. whether a child and his or her legal guardian, if any, have sufficient information on radiological examinations, is also positive. A child and his or her legal guardian, if any, have sufficient information on radiological examinations. I have summarised the results of my work in the ?Conclusion? chapter. Further, the surveys found that persons accompanying a child perceive the environment of radiology departments as a friendly, safe and comfortable environment. The only lack of accompanying persons? awareness that could be perceived negatively from the results of the questionnaires within this bachelor?s thesis is the finding that the lay public is not clear about the amount of radiation received during certain radiological examinations (CTs and X-ray examinations) and that the possibility of buying the record of a radiological examination on a CD is not generally known. There is room for active radiology workers who are interested in raising public awareness about radiology examinations. This bachelor?s thesis proved that also lay persons accompanying children are interested in being a part of the team, trying to achieve a beneficial result of the examination. The purpose of the bachelor?s thesis was to prepare a comprehensive text on issues of specifics in paediatric radiology that can be used as supplementary material when examining children.
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The efficiency of videocoaching between first and second period in Elite Czech ice-hockey team during season
Lomický, Lukáš ; Šťastný, Petr (advisor) ; Vojta, Zdeněk (referee)
Title: The efficiency of videocoaching between first and second period in Elite Czech ice-hockey team during season Objectives: The aim of this thesisi is findings the efficiency of applied videocoaching in Elite Czech ice- hockey team during sezon. This kind of feedback was done with qualitative analzysis of playing situations. Methods: The efficiency of fast analyses was estimated qualitatively by changes in between score in first and second period. From statistical methods was used the aritmetical avarage of score changes and numbres of possitive, neutral or negativ changes of score. The qualitative analyses was done for parcial results of every match, while was evaluate the numberes of different parts of analysed situation. Results: In statistical analyses was proved the positive effect of videoanalyses application. At estimated team was achieved 0,56 goals in avaradge in matches with videoanalyses application between first and second period. The frequency of negative scores was by 10 examples lower with videoanalyses application between first and second period. Key words: videocoaching, ice-hockey, analysis
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Somnipathy in children
MAŘÍKOVÁ, Linda
This dissertation deals with night insomnia in children. With the growing number of complaints of parents about insomnia in particular in infants and toddlers, this problem becomes very topical and frequently discussed not only among parents themselves but also among the medical workers involved in the child care. No unambiguous cause of why some children sleep well and other children do not has been yet proven. However, experts dealing with these problems present an opinion in the literature that the main cause lies in the incorrect approach of parents to creating sleep habits in their children. They supplement their opinion by a set of recommendations how to avoid or possibly solve the problems by applying the appropriate approach. Our dissertation thus aims at ascertaining how parents' approach affects creating of incorrect sleep habits in infants and toddlers. The other objective consisted in subsequent drawing up of the nursing diagnosis and nursing care plan by means of which the nurses could independently solve the problems related to insomnia in children. A qualitative research based on the contingent valuation method has been carried out. The methods of data collection included the structured interview performed with two small sets of mothers of children. The first set comprised mothers of children with no sleep problems and the second set was composed of mother of children suffering from sleep problems. The prepared questions related in particular to children's sleep habits. Both sets were compared and the data were also subject to the Fisher's exact test. Although it was not possible to prove that inappropriate approach of parents to creating sleep habits in children is the unambiguous cause of the children's sleep problems, we believe that such inappropriate approach is a related factor. This assumption is supported also by the result of the other part of the research, a non-structured interview. This interview from which casuistry was subsequently created was performed by one of the mothers whose child had suffered from sleep problems. The said mother was willing to try to implement the recommended measures and she subsequently described to us how her son's sleep problems attenuated significantly. On the basis of our hypothesis that creation of correct sleep habits might help children suffering from insomnia, despite the fact that no direct relation between the sleep habits of children and their sleep problems has been proven, as the output of this dissertation we have drawn up the above mentioned nursing diagnosis and nursing care plan which could help the nurses independently solve the children's sleep problems. We also believe that it would be appropriate to carry out research in the future dealing with direct evaluation of success or failure of the recommended measures in solving insomnia in infants and toddlers.
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Minor mothers in the Romani communities
Buzková, Alena ; Večerka, Kazimír (advisor) ; Víšek, Petr (referee)
The bachelor thesis "Minor mothers in the Romani communities" addresses the phenomenon of minor mothers in the traditional Romani community. More generally, the demographic behavior of the Romanies is analyzed, and discussed with respect to the overall demographic data valid for the population of the Czech Republic. This thesis and its conclusions are based on the author's own research performed in Poschlá, a suburb of the city of Vsetín. The Romani community in Vsetín is introduced, including notes on its history. It is pointed out that the community still exhibits remarkable respect to the outstanding role of the typical extended family structure, which significantly influences the demographic behavior of the community. The author also notes fundamental differences concerning the mean lifespan of the Romanies versus the majority population, by which the typical early timing and extension of the female reproduction period can be explained naturally. Such conclusions are justified by the author's own research dealing with three overlapping generations of the Romani mothers in Vsetín, with focus on their age at the time of their first delivery. The thesis also discusses various aspects of social work and its efficiency regarding the issues related to minor mothers and their families.
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