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Ekonomická konvergence v EU založená na doplněnem Solowovem modelu
Ryban, Ivan ; Klosová, Anna (advisor) ; Taušer, Josef (referee)
The topic of convergence in real GDP per capita has become a very sensitive issue, its results often depending on how the sample group, time period, estimation approach and theoretical concept are chosen. This dissertation presents a study and a convenient explanation of the Mankiw, Romer and Weil's (1992) augmentation of the Solow's (1956) neoclassical growth model and its subsequent empirical application to the EU27 over the period 1970-2010. The application is based on the convergence models designed by the Augmented Solow's model and studies convergence speed and patterns among the EU27 countries. The evidence indicates that the pace of convergence within the EU27 is much slower than what the model predicts. Nevertheless, the analysis shows that an increase in human capital has a stronger impact on per capita GDP and, by extension, on convergence than a similar increase in physical capital.
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Impact of English on the Modern Hindi
Svobodová, Blanka ; Vacek, Jaroslav (referee) ; Kostič, Svetislav (advisor)
The aim of this thesis was to provide a description of the linguistic behaviour and repertoire of the speakers of Hindi from the so-called middle-class of the capital city of Delhi, who come into contact with native speakers of English in their employment and everyday life. Therefore, the thesis starts with CHAPTER ONE, where I described and explained the methodology and material used (1.1.0), provided a definition of the middle class in India and its determinants (1.2.0.) in view to my respondents and thirdly gave a detailed insight into the multicultural and multilingual situation in Delhi (1.3.0.), where all of the respondents live. In CHAPTER TWO, I demonstrated the evolution of the language presently known as Hindi, i.e. a language that has been influenced and enriched by various cultures and languages, both from the internal sources such as the Sanskrit based words tatsama (2.1.1.), Hindi based words tadbhava (2.1.2.) and vernacular words called desi (2.2.) as well as external sources, such as Arabic (2.3.1.), Turkish (2.3.2.), Urdu (2.3.3.) or Persian (2.3.4.) and especially the linguistic influences connected with the European Colonial Powers, such as Portuguese (2.4.1.) and above all English (2.4.2.), whose influence started to be felt from the second half of the 19th century and culminated in the...
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Czechs in Vienna 1934-1945: persecution, collaboration and resistance of the minority
Kotalík, Matěj ; Randák, Jan (referee) ; Kvaček, Robert (advisor)
The thesis makes an analysis of the Czech ethnical minority in Vienna, its life under the authoritarian Dollfuss und Schuschnigg regime and under Hitler, this from several different points of view. Vienna's Czechs, once the biggest non-German national group of the Austrian capital, became an important entity in the 19th century as a consequence of an enormous imigration stream from the Czech Lands. After the First world war, their position and protection by Austrian authorities got legally anchored by the Versailles system, however, in reality, a considerable discrimination continued. The political development towards the so-called austro-fascism and the nazi occupation had also a tremendous impact on everyday life of Czechs as well as other minorities in Austria. From 1934 to 1938, mostly left-wing Czechs were persecuted, whereas the German invasion gave rise to a persecution of the minority as such. Exposed to an increasing pressure after the "Anschluss" in March 1938, Czechs in Vienna reacted in a double way. Their official representatives showed firstly a strengthened loyalty, especially concerning the plebiscite in April, and many Czechs made an effort towards assimilation, whereas many others took part in various resistance activities. The Czech resistance in Vienna and its outskirts arose as a...
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Influence of the 1998 Financial Crisis on the Russian Banking Sector
Petružálek, Jan ; Litera, Bohuslav (advisor) ; Svoboda, Karel (referee)
Resumé For my master work I chose a topic from the Russian ekonomie sphere: The Influence of the 1998 Financial Crisis on the Russian Banking Sector. In 2006 the Russian banking sector celebrated the 15th anniversary of its existence. During that relative short interval experienced events that banking systems of other countries need decades to live through. I divided my master work into three parts - Banking sector in 1987-1997, Russian banking in critical year 1998 and New period (late 1998-2006). I also set the thesis that Russian financial crisis had a positive impact on banking in sense of its further stabilisation. First part is dedicated to events during interval 1987-1997. At the beginning of mentioned era was made a clue reform of Soviet banking and the two-tier banking system arose for the first time in the history. Since that we could speak about historical tradition of modem banking. In the opening part I dealed with turbulent development of banking system, which evolved in unfavourable ekonomie conditions. I mention banking legislative, huge growth of credit organisations, its illegal operations like money laundering or capital flight and I also describe the rise of banking financial-industrial groups headed by powerful Russian oligarchs. Oligarchs like Chodorkovsky, Potanin or Vinogradov...
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Investing in Children - Sustainable fertility from the perspectives of generational accounting, social welfare, human capital creation and the free-rider problem, with policy recommendations for the Czech Republic
Zborník, Peter ; Háva, Petr (advisor) ; Potůček, Martin (referee)
This paper seeks to clarify the causes and effects of low fertility in Europe with a special emphasis on the Czech Republic. Instruments to measure fertility and the efficiency of investments in children and human capital are defined. Generational accounting is used to show that low fertility has severe effects on the long-term sustainability of the Czech fiscal system. Social Welfare Stock (SWS) is developed as an alternative to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). SWS-growth is forecasted to be weak unless fertility increases. The main cause of low fertility, are high opportunity costs of children due to Familism and gender regimes. The PAYG pension system is claimed to have abolished the old-age insurance motive for having children. Children bring economic dissatisfaction: "on the basis of a purely economic approach, the optimal number of children for a rational agent is zero" (Stanca 2009). A further cause of low fertility is an inefficient public administration due to corruption, lack of political incentives and budgetary constraints. Proposed policies to increase fertility are: increased share of GDP on child benefits from 2,2% to 2,95, with a higher share of the benefits for young children; child-related pensions; more quality child care for children aged 0-3; parenting training and interventions for...
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Financial crisis in Hungary
Blahút, Vlastimil ; Kuncl, Martin (advisor)
This thesis focuses on the causes, development and impact of financial crisis in Hungary. In the context of the global crisis, Hungary is a state, which is facing one of the deepest recession among OECD countries and desperately requested the financial assistance of international organizations. The first part of work includes an analysis of developments during the recession in the financial sector, from the perspective of public finance, corporate finance and capital markets of this economy. The second part is devoted to the question-form filled by Hungarian tourists in the Czech Republic. Followed by analysis and interpretation of the overall results, which are compared with my estimates. The research focuses on the perceptions and impact of the crisis on Hungarian citizens.
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Implementation of MiFID in the Czech legislation and practice of capital market
Zunová, Kateřina ; Veselá, Jitka (advisor)
Aim of this work is to specify the EU direction DIRECTIVE 2004/39/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 21 April 2004 on markets in financial instruments amending Council Directives 85/611/EEC and 93/6/EEC and Directive 2000/12/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council and repealing Council Directive 93/22/EEC focusing on its impact on Czech legal system and changes in practice of capital market. In my thesis, I will define jurisdiction of the direction in my thesis, describe particular changes in the law of entrepreneurship in capital market no. 256/2006 and summarize some of the impacts upon Czech capital market.
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Economic and legal aspects of direct foreign investments - an example of India
Janů, Petr ; Bažantová, Ilona (advisor) ; Hraba, Zdeněk (referee)
66 Title: Economic and legal aspects of foreign direct investments on example of India Key words: International taxation, Protection of investments, Foreign direct investments (Mezinárodní zdanění, Ochrana investic, Přímé zahraniční investice) Abstract: The main goal of this paper is to look into economic and legal aspects of foreign direct (hereafter FDI) on the example of India as one of the most important global players in this field. The paper is composed of three chapters, each of them dealing with different aspects of FDI. Chapter one is introductory. It examines basic facts of FDI on general level as well as the Indian level. It also provides an outline of relevant Indian legislation towards FDI. Chapter two is subdivided into four parts and provides an answer to this question: How do states try to attract investments? Part one describes legislation of investment protection, part two describes legislation of international taxation, part three focuses on investment incentives and finally, part four gives us an example of institutions founded to support the investments. If it was not for the economic reforms, India would not be so attractive for the international capital. That is why chapter three concentrates on Indian economic reforms and also provides former evolution of FDI inflows into India and...
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Investment and commercial banking in the United Kingdom
Škrabalová, Iva ; Melcher, Ota (advisor) ; Pavlík, Zdeněk (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to analyze the current structure of banking in the UK and the british regulatory and supervision framework, identify key weaknesses and to consider the new regulatory framework and the UK banking reform. The new rules were created as a response on the most recent financial crises. The british regulation and supervision reform introduced the new regulatory bodies and distinguished the roles of microprudential and macroprudential regulation. The banking reform aim to create more stable and competitive basis for UK banking by increasing the quality and amount of the capital base and by isolation retail operations of the UK banks within separate subsidiaries. The thesis also assesses the likely impact of these reforms on UK banks and identify the weaknesses in the new rules. Whether the reforms succeed will depend on many factors and it has not been possible to answer this question yet.
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The impact of expenditures on research and development on estimates of macroeconomic aggregates and on the relationship between the budgets of the Czech republic and the EU
Zbranek, Jaroslav ; Fischer, Jakub (advisor) ; Vondráčková, Veronika (referee)
The thesis deals with the statistics of research and development and focuses on possible effects of considered capitalization of R&D expenses. The opening part is devoted to statistical investigations in the R&D area to provide an overview of data base. Subsequently, the specific suggested methodological changes in the international ESA standard and related changes in the national accounting system are introduced, including the description of current practices. In the main part, the impacts of the capitalization on the main macroeconomic aggregates and Maastricht criteria fulfilling are presented on the real Czech Republic data. In the final section, possible impact on the contributions of the Czech Republic to the EU budget are shown, along with international comparisons describing impacts on all member states in the context of the EU budget financing. The aim of the comparison is to show whether capitalization is beneficial or not for the individual member states.
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