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Prevention and approaches to obesity in childhood
LUDVÍKOVÁ, Nikola
The main goal of the bachelor thesis called Prevention of and Approaches to Obesity in Childhood is to calculate and compare calories in food consumed by two different groups of children for a period of 14 days. The first group comprises children with the BMI value greater than 90th centile (obese or overweight children) and the condition for the other group is the BMI value lower than 75th centile (normal weight children). Another goal of the thesis is to compare the overall eating habits and physical activities of the individuals and to create recommendations for the obese individuals if a change is needed. The theoretical part of the thesis is focused on occurrence of obesity both in the Czech Republic and worldwide, classification and diagnosis, types, risk factors, therapy and prevention of obesity. A well-balanced diet for children and rules for proper eating habits are dealt with in this part of the thesis, too. Great influence of the life-style of the whole family on occurrence of obesity and overweight in children is highlighted here. The qualitative research method conducted by means of recording every meal by 24 selected children from the South Bohemian Region for a period of 14 days was used to prepare the research part. The data were collected in the period from January to April 2013; 12 obese patients of the paediatric consulting room in Třeboň and 12 respondents selected according to the corresponding age and sex were involved in the research. The information was collected from the children themselves, possibly from their parents. The calculations of the calories in the individual meals were processed by the ?Nutriservis Profesional? programme. Recording sheets to record meals and drinks during the period of measurement were used to evaluate calorie intake. The filled-in meal recording sheets were collected two weeks after these had been distributed to the research participants. The data were processed with the ?Microsoft Excel? computer programme using computing relations and its functions. Afterwards, the respondents? responses were processed and evaluated with the ?Nutriservis Profesional? programme. The processed data have been interpreted in form of a simple text and descriptive statistics. The results suggest two main differences in the eating habits of the two examined groups. One of them is regular eating and the other one is meal composition; there is a big difference in physical activities, too. As for the obese children, they often have irregular and unbalanced eating habits, do no physical activities and eat mainly fat and fried meals. Only several children differ from these criteria. The eating habits of normal weight children are various. The only common characteristic is regular physical activity. Some of the normal weight children eat in a similar way like the obese children, however, despite this the number of children having eating habits suitable to their age, height, sex and nearly following the rules for well-balanced diet prevails. The results show that obesity occurrence is significantly affected by the family anamnesis, i.e. genetics. The genetic predisposition to obesity plays a 40-percent role, however, this can be positively influenced by suitable eating habits and physical activities. The thesis conclusions suggest it is necessary to continually develop knowledge of proper eating habits and healthy life-style in all families, to try develop forms of obesity prevention in all segments of the society and not to believe in all misleading advertisements. ?
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Jan Boris Spacek 1888-1967. Native of Stepanov in Russia, Bulgaria and the Near East
Turkovič, Alexander ; Pokorná, Magdaléna (advisor) ; Randák, Jan (referee)
This bachelor work concentrates on the life, work, and political activities of Stepanov native Jan Spacek, who was a permanent revolutionary, rebel and crusader for dreams and ideals. This is a probe into the life of a man, who did not enter history as a grand personality of policy or warfare, but who in some ways influenced the great events of his time and was simultaneously transformed by them. The author trys to reveal his reasons for a positive attitude to revolution and half-hearted approach to his family. With the aid of many archived documents, the reasons for his thirty three years in Russia, Bulgaria and the Near East, and his real or ostensible intelligence activity for the Soviet Union, are investigated. Thanks to the collation of many archive sources (both personal and official) there are many different recollections by the people around him. These views differ by their relationship to him or ulterior motives.
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The possibilities of automated extraction of data from publicly available sources
Jelínek, Martin ; Maryška, Miloš (advisor) ; Pavlíčková, Jarmila (referee)
The theoretical part of this work describes some options that can be used to retrieve data from different information sources. It also discusses the possibility of automatic data processing and tools and technologies that can be used to do this. Mainly technologies which can be used to store acquired data and to analyze them. This includes description of different types of databases or data mining methods. The practical part of this work is devoted to the creation of an application for automatic downloading of articles from news sites. The application allows you to download articles from selected news sites, and save parsed article text into a file and additional information to the database. The purpose of the application is mainly collecting data that can be used for further analysis . The application allows searching in downloaded articles using keywords, create topic groups from articles and monitor articles history. This allows for example to monitor possible differences between articles whitch belongs to the same topic and were downloaded from different news sites or to monitor progress in some topic. Another motivation is archiving of old articles for further analysis, because the articles on news sites are constantly changing.
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Frantisek Weyr and Statistics
Černoušek, Lukáš ; Závodský, Prokop (advisor) ; Kačerová, Eva (referee)
This work is oriented to the statistics and the famous Czech actor in it,Frantisek Weyr. The aim of bachelor thesis is to provide comprehensive information about the life and work of an important lawyer, philosopher, scholar,and statistics Frantisek Weyr and theory emphasize its impact on Austria-Hungary and the Czechoslovak statistics. In addition, work will also be discussing the actual statistics and the development of concrete. Work will be only theoretical, no independent research it will not commit.To achieve the objective of the work will be used solely literary sources from the statistics and the very famous three-part biography Frantisek Weyr. The benefits of work I see that students and people in this area will provide more complete picture of Franz Weyr in the context of statistics,it's either find a statistical production, which is mentioned in passing the Weyr or available already mentioned Weyr CVs, which, however, outside statistics in particular, writes about his private life, his foreign travels and his work as a university teacher. When writing a thesis I concluded that though Weyr primarily known as a great lawyer and a university official, its influence is enormous and the statistics of its activities throughout the State Statistical Office has brought many significant achievements, which can not be forgotten. While the focus of its activities outside the statistics, I would like to say that the statistics are and should be with her still associated.
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Self-Efficacy and Work Efficiency
Markvart, Štěpán ; Hiršová, Miloslava (advisor) ; Kožichová, Lenka (referee)
The tagets of this thesis were to test with a chosen organization's staff how much self-efficacy depending of particular tasks affected the quality of fulfilling those tasks, to recommend suitable methods of increasing self-efficacy and to suggest a method of task formulation corresponding to social cognitive theory of man in organization. The research was done at a particular section of fiscal administration. The requisite information was obtained by questionnaire method, the received dates were compiled by the suitable statistical methods. The consequent results allowed to say there was no positive relation betwen self-efficacy during fulfilling particular tasks and the efficiency of the particular section's offices. One of the most important results was that self-efficacy itself did not affect the efficiency of the particular offices. The differences in the efficiency resulted from the managers'work. The thesis includes recommendations resulted from its targets.
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Comparative, false and hidden advertisement
Bartl, Aleš ; Černá, Stanislava (advisor) ; Macek, Jiří (referee) ; Patěk, Daniel (referee)
RESUME This thesis deals with the Czech, French and EU regulation of the Misleading, Comparative and Hidden advertisement. I described imperfection and non-consistency of the Czech regulation. The Czech regulation of the Misleading, Comparative and Hidden advertisement is to the great extent result of the implementation of the EU Directives. Nevertheless, these directives have been implemented imperfectly and incompletely. This fact relates namely to the implementation of the Directive of the European Parliament and Councel No. 2005/29/EC, on the Unfair commercial practices towards consumers. One of the key issues that the Czech Academia had to deal with was the possibility of consumer to use for its defence against unfair commercial practice stipulations of the General Clause of the Unfair Competition set by the Commercial Code. The broadly accepted answer is that the consumer is entitled to use for its defence against unfair commercial practice the General Clause of Unfair Competition, under the condition that the practice passes through the "unfair practice" test accordingly to the Consumer Protection Act. In this thesis I am defending an opinion that the Czech legislator chose relatively easy, but incorrect way to achieve this implementation. Among other, it ignored a challenge to recodify Czech...
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Václav Kopecký (1897-1961) - the portait of a communist politician
Pávová, Jana ; Rychlík, Jan (advisor) ; Kvaček, Robert (referee)
The theme of this thesis is the portrait of the communist politician Václav Kopecký (1897 -1961) who was one of the leading exponents and propagandists of the Stalinist era in Czechoslovakia. He was not only a politician but an ideologist as well. The thesis is based mainly on archival sources and newspapers of the relevant period. The thesis is divided chronologically into five chapters. The first one focuses on period 1897 - 1938 and shows how young Václav Kopecký joined the Communist party and as how as one of the so-called "boys of Karlin" became the great supporter of Klement Gottwald. Václav Kopecký also participated in bolshevisation of the party in 1929. The following part of the chapter depicts Kopecký's activities as a deputy of the Parliament in the First Czechoslovak Republic and ends with the description of his departure to the exile in the USSR. The second chapter (1938 - 1945) called "the Moscow period" shows the life and activities of Václav Kopecký in the days of his exile, which he spent in Moscow, Ufa and Kujbyšev. Then this chapter describes how Kopecký participated in preparation of political platform of Košice Governmental programme and ends with his departure to the homeland. The third chapter (1945 - 1948) presents Václav Kopecký as the Minister of Information and demonstrates how...
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On the beginning of the institucionalization of Czech linguistic research
Dvořáčková, Věra
In 2011, Ústav pro jazyk český AV ČR (the Institute of the Czech Language) was celebrating the 100th anniversary of the foundation of its direct predecessor, Kancelář Slovníku jazyka českého (the Office of the Dictionary of the Czech Language) which provided the administrative background for an ambitious lexicographic project launched already in 1905 by the committee for lexicography and dialectology of the Czech Academy of Emperor Franz Joseph for sciences, literature and art, to become Česká Akademie věd a umění (Czech Academy of Sciences and Arts) in 1918. Altough much was done between the wars to establish a state-funded language institute, i.e. an institution, which would unify the research on language and systematically work with the national language, for financial reasons the Institute of the Czech Language was established only in 1946. This article aims to present some of the lesser known - or even unknown - facts related to the Office of the Dictionary of the Czech Language based on archival resources.
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Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union on the Market with Milk and Dairy Products
Šimková, Petra ; Lipka, David (advisor) ; Koblovský, Petr (referee)
The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) was created in 1958 as one of the first policies of the European Economic Community. It is, however, also one of the most problematic ones. In this thesis I first address its creation, principles and targets. Then I describe reforms which had the goal of reducing some of the costs imposed by this policy on the society. As the main part of the thesis is devoted to the Czech farmers producing milk, I sum up the development of the Czech agricultural sector and in a great detail describe the regulation and subsidies connected with the production of milk and milk products. Using a simple microeconomic model, I analyze impact of various instruments of the CAP on domestic and foreign producers and consumers. In spite of many reforms, the biggest beneficiaries of the CAP are still the big producers of agricultural products -- support of small farmers is very limited. The costs of the CAP are born mainly by poor consumers and agricultural producers from non-EU countries. With a unique dataset obtained from the Czech State Agricultural Intervention Fund I describe the structure of subsidies utilized by Czech milk producers and its development in the period 2005--2008. Even though a substantial inequality in subsidy incomes is also evident among Czech milk quota holders, it is smaller than in the case of all farmers.
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Information Caterers on Hygiene Requirements for Food Services
ANDRÁŠIKOVÁ, Nikoleta
The present time offers a large number of catering services. The trend of the present time is not to eat at home. People have too little time to pre-pare their meals at home and for this reason they often utilize public alimentation ser-vices (e.g. in restaurants, pizzerias, snack bars, bistros). However, this thesis is not focused on the consumer of these services but on the operator providing these services. The thesis is subdivided into two parts. The theoretical part includes a short description of the development of catering services and gastronomy, the general description of HACCP-Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points system and its contribution in practice. Moreover the state medical supervision is mentioned here in the scope of the hygiene of nutrition, spatial requirements on cater-ing services, legislation as well as various types of illnesses caused by failure to observe the correct production and hygienic principles. The thesis describes also the prevention, disinfection, disinfestation and rodent control. In the practical part, the data acquired by means of questionnaires are evaluated. The questionnaires were distributed personally, mostly directly into the hands of cater-ing service providers handed over through their employees. The target of the thesis was to find out the information and knowledge level of the operators of catering services in České Budějovice with regard to hygienic requirements on catering services. I ascer-tained whether the providers of catering services have elaborated procedures based on HACCP principles and whether they have a basic knowledge in the field concerning the hygienic requirements on catering services. The results show that the providers of catering services in České Budějovice have elaborated procedures based on HACCP principles. The general knowledge in nutrition hygiene of the catering service providers turned out to be average. The catering services constitute an important activity from the epidemiological point of view and for this reason the knowledge of operators in the field of nutrition hygiene should be on a higher level than up to now. This thesis is suit-able as study material for the catering service providers, to improve their knowledge in this field.
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