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Non-smooth Newton's method
Balázsová, Monika ; Haslinger, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Ligurský, Tomáš (referee)
In this thesis we generalize classical Newton's method for non-smooth equations. For this purpose we define the Newton approximation of functions. Then we introduce several methods for solving equations with locally Lipschitz and piecewise smooth functions. We prove that their local convergence rate is Q-superlinear or even Q-quadratic. At the end we apply one of the algorithms to the beam problem with the obstacle. Based on the physical model we establish mathematical model and its discretization. Finally we implement the problem in the MATLAB. Results are summarized in tables.
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Application of molecular and cellular biology methods in research of protozoa Eimeria
Vrba, Vladimír ; Škvor, Jiří (advisor) ; Čepička, Ivan (referee) ; Hampl, Vladimír (referee)
Eimeria is an apicomplexan parasite causing disease coccidiosis that is most prominent in poultry farming industry. This thesis is aimed to develop new molecular tools and resolve issues that would be a valuable contribution in the field from both research and industry perspective. Because immunity to Eimeria is strictly species- specific, it is important to know and recognize correctly all species that parasitize the host. Traditional diagnostic approaches rely on classical methods such as oocyst morphology determination under the microscope, measurement of prepatent period or in-vivo assessment of lesions caused by this parasite. However, diagnostics of individual species using these methods is very time-consuming and it is often unreliable, especially when mixture of multiple species whose parameters overlap is analyzed. Methods utilizing conventional PCR to distinguish species already exist, however, they lack advantages offered by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). The first aim of this thesis was to develop qPCR assays for detection and quantification of seven Eimeria species which infect chicken utilizing single-copy non-polymorphic targets in order to ensure maximal specifity and coverage of all strains of each species. Usefulness of this method was demonstrated by analysis of field...
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Optimization of surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy for study of biologically important biomolecules and their interactions
Šmídová, Natália ; Procházka, Marek (advisor) ; Vlčková, Blanka (referee) ; Michl, Martin (referee)
Title: Optimization of surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy for study of biologically important biomolecules and their interactions Author: Natália Šmídová Department: Institute of Physics of Charles University Supervisor of the doctoral thesis: Doc. RNDr. Marek Procházka, PhD. Abstract: The main goal of this thesis was to optimize surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy for study of biologically important biomolecules. For that purpose we focused on substrates based on gold colloidal nanoparticles immobilized to silanized glass plates. Stable, uniform and highly reproducible SERS-active substrates have been prepared by using aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and citrate- reduced gold nanoparticles thermally stabilized after their immobilization. Model biomolecules 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(1-methyl-4-pyridyl)porphyrin (TMPyP) and 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin (TSPP) were studied on these substrates by using a classical Raman spectrometer in macro-mode and a confocal Raman microspectrometer. Conditions for SERS spectroscopy of porphyrins were optimized with respect to sensitivity and reproducibility. SERS microspectroscopy showed several advantages over SERS measurements in macromode: possibility of surface spectral mapping, easier manipulation with samples, shorter...
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Optimization of surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy for study of biologically important biomolecules and their interactions
Šmídová, Natália
Title: Optimization of surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy for study of biologically important biomolecules and their interactions Author: Natália Šmídová Department: Institute of Physics of Charles University Supervisor of the doctoral thesis: Doc. RNDr. Marek Procházka, PhD. Abstract: The main goal of this thesis was to optimize surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy for study of biologically important biomolecules. For that purpose we focused on substrates based on gold colloidal nanoparticles immobilized to silanized glass plates. Stable, uniform and highly reproducible SERS-active substrates have been prepared by using aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and citrate- reduced gold nanoparticles thermally stabilized after their immobilization. Model biomolecules 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(1-methyl-4-pyridyl)porphyrin (TMPyP) and 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin (TSPP) were studied on these substrates by using a classical Raman spectrometer in macro-mode and a confocal Raman microspectrometer. Conditions for SERS spectroscopy of porphyrins were optimized with respect to sensitivity and reproducibility. SERS microspectroscopy showed several advantages over SERS measurements in macromode: possibility of surface spectral mapping, easier manipulation with samples, shorter...
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Just Wages: A comparison between the views of traditional economic theory and the Catholic Social Doctrine
Bořil, Tomáš ; Vyhnánek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Báťa, Karel (referee)
This thesis deals with comparing the views of the main economic stream (represented mainly by the neo-classical) with Catholic social teaching on the issue of just wages. In Catholic social teaching, this matter is explicitly analyzed in contrast to the neoclassical theory which omits it. For this reason, in order to compare views of those two different schools of thought, the work focuses on the relationship of normative and positivist science, the hidden assumptions of neoclassical theory that concern the individual and the concept of work, her understanding of justice with regard to distribution, and the theory of minimum wages. Further work analyzes the paradigms and principles of Catholic social teachings related to just wages, which are rooted in the teachings of Aristotle and St. Thomas Aquinas. This study examines the compatibility and difference in the two schools of thought not only in respect to the issue of just wages, but also juxtaposes the roots of the various assumptions of both theories. Title: Just Wages: A comparison between the views of traditional economic theory and the Catholic Social Doctrine Author: Tomáš Bořil Author's e-mail: tobo[at]email[dot]cz Supervisor: PhDr. Tomáš Vyhnánek Academic year: 2010/2011 JEL Classification: D630, D310, E240 Keywords: Just wage, Catholic...
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Double Journey Of The Queen
Bobreková, Anna ; MAŠEK, Vojtěch (advisor) ; MRAVCOVÁ, Marie (referee)
This study focuses on structural analysis of narrative of the double journey film The Queen according to three types of structuring - classical three act structure, sequence approach and the hero's journey. Each of those methods is examining the story with regard to the fact that the film has two protagonists. It is also taking into consideration the possibility of adjusting these model structures to fit this particular story. The study concludes that each of those methods can be beneficial if used in service of the chosen theme.
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Taxonomy and variability of selected Sorbus taxa
LEPŠÍ, Martin
This thesis is a biosystematic study focusing on the taxonomy and variability of selected taxa of the genus Sorbus, one of the most diverse and taxonomically complicated plant groups in Europe. Classical and modern biosystematic methods - comparative study, chromosome counting, analysis of nuclear microsatellite markers, flow cytometry, and traditional multivariate and outline morphometric analyses were used to assess the morphological, karyological and genetic variability of the genus. The final synthesis of these approaches led to the description of several new taxa (species, hybrids and a subgenus) and the correction of several taxonomic misinterpretations. To reveal ongoing evolutionary processes responsible for the generation of the observed variability, the reproductive modes of 42 Sorbus taxa were examined using flow-cytometric seed and pollen screens. Apart from revealing major trends, the study estimates the frequency of rare events and provides several novel conclusions that are relevant both specifically to Sorbus/Rosaceae and to apomixis in general.
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Bearings of consumers for guerilla instruments
Chuová, Trang ; Pešek, Ondřej (advisor) ; Pauknerová, Daniela (referee)
Bachelor thesis deals with the various trends in marketing communications with more focus on guerilla marketing. The main objective is to present and apprise of the various trends and identify view of consumers for classic forms of advertisement and the new non-traditional forms such as guerrilla marketing, which are more using for address the target groups.
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Study of biomolecules by Surface-enhanced Raman microspectroscopy
Šimáková, Petra ; Procházka, Marek (advisor) ; Šmejkal, Petr (referee)
This work deals with study of biomolecules using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) microspectroscopy. For that purpose surfaces based on gold and silver colloidal nanoparticles immobilized either by silane or by drying on glass plate were tested. As a model molecule cationic free-base 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(1-methyl-4-pyridyl)porphyrin was chosen. The aim was primarily to improve sensitivity and spectral reproducibility of the mentioned SERS-active systems using an integrated Raman microspectrometer which has several advantages (better signal-to-noise ratio, shorter collection time, mapping, confocality) over a classical Raman spectrometer. The obtained results show that gold and silver nanoparticles immobilized by silane give the limits of detection of porphyrin ~ 1×10-8 M, moreover in the intact free-base form. While gold surfaces also show excellent spectral reproducibility, in the case of silver surfaces there is a great problem of frequent presence of spurious bands originating apparently from contamination by carbonaceous compounds and decomposition of silane or porphyrin itself. In the case of silver nanoparticles, drops that form a ring of aggregates with extremely high SERS enhancement after drying on glass proved more suitable.
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The nominal suffixal derivation in pre-classical French
Štichauer, Jaroslav ; Zavadil, Bohumil (advisor) ; Radimský, Jan (referee) ; Pešek, Ondřej Matthew (referee)
The present PhD thesis deals with nominal suffixal derivation in pre-classical French (about 1550-1610). Based both on traditional data collection and on available digital corpuses, especially Frantext, it first strives to define basic concepts such as language standard, problems of periodization, productivity, lexicalization, paradigmatization, panchronic validity of word-formation rules etc. On selected derivational patterns, it also tests the operationality of Optimality theory (OT) and other mechanisms (i.a. paradigmatization) in diachronic perspective. In several follow-up chapters, it then analyzes, from a diachronic point of view, a number of suffixes (-age, -aison, -ance, - ment, etc.).
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