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Cost development and ways of cost calculation in selected commodity
Borešová, Naďa ; Mach, Jiří (advisor) ; Žídková, Dana (referee)
Bachelor thesis deals with ways of estimating costs for sugar beet in FADN and ZOD Potěhy. The theoretical part describes sugar beet from the biological point of view, its occurrence, inclusion in crop rotation and soil preparation, which is divided into fall and spring. Method of sowing affects the yield od sugar beet, as well as treating the soil before sowing. In conclusion cropped and sugar beet must be taken to a refinery. This section describes the costs and their classification. Methodological part deals with cost calculation, calculation methods, both overall and costs of sugar beet. It also describes profitability and its evaluation, time series and trend functions. The practical part evaluates the total area sown in the years 1995 - 2014, area sown with diabetes in the years 1995 - 2014, the total harvest of sugar beet in the years 1995 - 2014 and price developments relating to sugar beet growing. It also states costs for FADN in the years 2003 - 2012, support for this crop and its profitability. At the end gives the total income and expenses in ZOD Potěhy in years 2009 - 2013 and the costs and revenues for diabetes in 2014.
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Active employment policy in selected region
Čihák, Pavel ; Šrédl, Karel (advisor) ; Markéta, Markéta (referee)
The thesis considers unemployment and a possibility of increasing employment in the Central Bohemian Region using the active employment policy. The first part of the thesis is dedicated to theoretical basis gained from professional literature and internet resources about labor market, types of unemployment depending on the cause of its origin, risky groups of unemployed people, social and economic consequences of unemployment and about an analysis of actions of the active employment policy. Furthermore, there is described the Central Bohemian Region and its strong and weak aspects. We can look at the evaluation of employment and unemployment made by a study, status reports of the labor market and processing of statistical indicators in Central Bohemian Region. We can also peek at regional individual projects realized on the territory of Central Bohemian Region in 2015. The last part of this thesis is focused on some possibilities of more effective use of actions of the active employment policy in the region.
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Changes in wetlands - change trajectories, causes
Brašna, Vlastimil ; Skaloš, Jan (advisor) ; Josef, Josef (referee)
This thesis analyzes the historical development of wetlands in corn production areas in Moravia, Czech Republic. Wetlands were analyzed changes in time and space for a period of 180 years.
The main objective is to analyze the development of wetland habitats in the landscape using old maps, aerial photographs and GIS. The bases were of the Imperial Imprints of the Stable cadastre from the first half of the 19th century and contemporary orthophoto. There were also used GIS layers of the current location of wetlands, farmland, forests, rivers and waterways. In historical documents were evaluated by two categories 1) wet meadows and 2) swamps and marshes. In the current surface are only evaluated wetlands.
The total area is 18054 ha. The area of wetlands dramatically decreased from 108 ha in the first half of the 19th century on 14 ha in 2015. Most of the wetlands have been converted to agricultural land - arable land (72 %), meadows and pastures (12 %). Wetlands succession was transformed to bushes (5,4 %). There was 5 % of the deaths of wetlands built and drained. Most wetlands have been transformed due to the pressure on the production function of the landscape in order to get more food. In the first half of the 19th century it was dominated by wet meadows, they had 684 ha. Despite the disappearance of a large part of the wetlands created new wetlands, which have 12.4 hectares. Most newly created wetlands are located in the cadastral area of Mutěnice. Only one wetland (1.68 ha) remained unchanged, located in cadastral Čejč. This wetland had a history of more land (25.15 hectares) and has been linked with Čejčské Lake.
The main result of this work is to determine the trajectories of development of wetland ecosystems in the lowlands of Moravia. Descriptions of these trajectories have contributed to understanding influences on the development of wetlands. Results wetlands contribute to the development of knowledge in the field of landscape ecology. The results can be used to restore extinct wetlands and creation of new wetlands in the historic wet meadows. The information obtained can be used in landscape planning with regard to the protection and management of wetlands.
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A reaction of grassland to application of liquid fertilizer DAM 390
Netřebová, Lucie ; Hrevušová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Jiří, Jiří (referee)
This theses summarizes results obtained from studying of one-year experimental pot of permanent grassland which was established in Vítězná - Záboří in 2015. There has been observed 4 levels of nitrogen fertilization on the meadow plot (without fertilizing, 30 kg N.ha-1, 60 kg N.ha-1 and 90 survey was influence of nitrogen on the change in species richness by using weight share representation of individual agrobotanical groups in the stand (grasses, legumes, other forbs).
Results of this experiment were considerable affected by unfavourable weather events in the observed year. We should bear in mind the short time of this experiment. Positive unofficial effect of nitrogen on higher yield of above-ground biomass was recorded, especially by using 30 kg N.ha-1 and 60 kg N.ha-1. There is an exception at using 90 kg N.ha-1 with yield off balance. From the perspective of infuence of nitrogen on changes of species richness the increasing of doses of fertilizing has shown especially in increase proportion of grasses while present retreating herbs in the species composition of the reference stand. However results of experiment are not statistically different. We can not confirm studies which state decrease proportion of legumes in the grassland due to nitrogen fertilization from results of this experiment.
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Analysis of sheep utility attributes in ecological and conventional flocks in the Czech Republic
Linhartová, Iveta ; Ptáček, Martin (advisor) ; Jan, Jan (referee)
The goal of this diploma thesis was to perform an analysis of sheep breeding of Suffolk breed in basic reproductive performance and meat production traits aspects. The information for rating these aspects was used from two farms. The first of them used conventional way of breeding (ZVOZD Horácko, družstvo) and the second one used ecological way (EkofarmaKosařůvmlýn, s.r.o.).
Fertilization, fertility, intensity and rearing belong among monitored reproductive indicators. These reproductive indicators are expressed in percentages. Regarding meat production traits rating in this thesis we compared influences of year of lambing, farming method, birth month, sex, litter size and age of dam. All these influences were judge according to birth weight (kg), weight at the age of 100 days (kg), average growth (g), depth of the longest dorsal muscle (mm) and according to depth of subcutaneous fat (mm). Reproductive performance and meat production were monitored in years 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015.
In terms of reproductive performance with a few exceptions it was true that ZVOZD Horácko, družstvo reached the best values, and in most cases better than the national average. For example in terms of intensity values in 2012 ZVOZD Horácko, družstvo had 35,9% better results compared to national average. In the same year this farm reached 48,1% higher values of percentage rearing compared to national average. Ekofarma Kosařův mlýn, s.r.o. showed worse performances, however it was in most cases better than national average. In terms of intensity in 2011 Ekofarma Kosařův mlýn, s.r.o. had the same results as the ZVOZD Horácko, družstvo. Meat production properties were supported by statistical calculations and all of them were conclusive at least at the level of significance P < 0,05 in all cases except month of birth effect on birth weight. The best results of meat production in terms of effect of lambing had the year 2012, when the birth weight was one of the highest and the other properties (weight at the age of 100 days, average growth, depth of the longest dorsal muscle, depth of subcutaneous fat) were by far the highest in the period of 2011-2015. Next we found out that the ecological way of breeding (in this case Ekofarma Kosařůvmlýn, s.r.o.) has better results than the conventional way (ZVOZD Horácko, družstvo).
The effect of birthmonth has the significant influence on the indicators of meat production and the lambs born in April had the best results. In the case of sex rams are better. Litter size has very important influence on meat production the more lambs per one mother, the lower
birth weights, the lower weights until the period of weaning, the lower weights at the age of 100 days. It is affected by milkiness of the mother. Moreover, the age of mothers also play a significant role. In our research the highest birth weights had lambs of one year old mothers and all other indicators were the highest in the case of three year old dams.
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Growing of rapeseed for energy purposes - impacts and context.
Charvát, Michal ; Kuchtová, Perla (advisor) ; Josef, Josef (referee)
Biofuels are generally based on biomass. It may be a waste biomass or biomass grown specifically. It is used as fixed or lump fuel, and also to as liquid and gas. Liquid biofuels are used both for energy purposes, ie to produce heat, electricity generation, but also as a motor fuels. In this thesis goes on biofuel purposefully grown, about oilseed rape and from it made liquid fuel, in this case of RME rapeseed methyl ester, which is a fuel of the first generation.
The European Union expected that the use of biofuel will reduce CO2 emissions by up to 35% further premised that the development of biofuels will be a positive impact on local employment and it the both on direct and indirect. Further help diversify Europe's dependence on oil imports. They were introduced direct support for growers in order to exlarged the area where grew plants intended for biofuel. These direct resistances were abolished in 2010. Similar support was also intended for producers.
Regarding rapeseed, peak in the sown area across the EU was in 2010, when it was sown almost 7 mil. ha, which is almost 3,5 times more than the original plan for the EU. Last year, it was only 6,45 mil. ha, but with higher-yielding rapeseed seeds. Similarly, increasing the sowing areas you can watch in the Czech Republic. Moreover Czech Republic is the fifth producer of rapeseed in the EU. In 2013/14 have been sown most ha rape, total 418,8 th. ha, but production was the highest in the following year due hectare yields, although with reduced the area sown. Yet is rape sown on 14% of cultivated land.
We can not talk about drastically restricting cultivation of rape, even after termination direct aid. First, the price of rape is very decent and steady and almost half designated for industrial processing it is processed on RME. However, the system of cultivation is not good for the soil. Rape in plans crop rotation is ranked every two years mostly, but the best would be once for five years.
The only assumption was confirmed by the EU, CO2 emissions are lower, but is also needed to count with the amount of N2O emissions, which this benefit is reduced. However on employment it had no effect, or rather negative. More jobs in agriculture provides livestock production and the like can be evaluated also process industry. Another problem is the destruction of ecosystems so that could be grown plants suitable for biofuels. It is a matter of developing countries, in our lands is it about the depletion of fertile land to cultivation fuel instead of food. First, it needed more to fertilize and use pesticides. But also in case of crop failure it is revenue designetid for biofuels producers is delivere even at the cost of food price increases.
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The renovation of historical parks near the small feudal residences on the example of the study of the renovation of the castle garden in Doudleby nad Orlici in Eastern Bohemia.
Faltysová, Lenka ; Buttry, Ivana (advisor) ; Jakub, Jakub (referee)
The aim of this work is the processing methodology and presentation process how to restore monuments of garden art. On the example of the revitalization of the castle garden immovable cultural monument Castle Doudleby nad Orlicí, based on the study of literature, similar interventions and the analysis and interpretation of various types of archival material the current quality of historic garden was evaluated. It is based on field survey, which consists of dendrological research, analyzing the authenticity of trees and appreciation of all the collected documents, historical sources and professional literature. Concept recovery of castle garden is based on the expert authority´s binding point of view of the state care of historical monuments.
Renaissance castle in Doudleby nad Orlici is located in the eastern part of the town on a slightly raised hill on the right bank of the River Divoká Orlice. There was a wooden medieval fortress with the farmyard on this place in the 13th century. Sr Mikuláš from Bubno started to build a hunting lodge in the Renaissance style as villa in 1588, which was finished in 1590. The significance of Renaissance residence, which complement the early Baroque elements from the late 17th century, is enhanced by the opulent and impressive sgraffito - carpet pattern covering all external and internal frontage, restored in 1886 by Kirchner. The tall chimneys are the part of decoration in the courtyard decorated with sgraffito as well. The chateau complex is formed along its circuit of farm buildings and residential buildings. Building of castle itself is separated by a park with old trees and newer lawns (Hieke, 1984).
Castle park in Doudleby nad Orlicí was founded in 1809 in compositional continuity of the Renaissance castle building. The park forms one organic complex with the castle. The promoter strived, like in the castle rooms, to demonstrate here his wealth, his sense of art and his botanical-dendrological knowledge. The park is designed as a narrow disposition in landscape style and it is composed as a long vista to the castle. The area of the landscape park is 3.76 hectares nowadays.
The literature search is especially dedicated to the Renaissance and its relationship to the garden art. The monument care in the Czech Republic and the activity of professional organization of the monument care of the National Heritage Institute in Josefov is introduced in this section.
The methodological guide describes the used bolsterings and resulting outputs on the basis of them are implemented of such measures, which will help to improve the health and vitality of existing promising trees and new plantings of trees, which are consistent with the original composition with emphasis on the rehabilitation and upgrading of historical value of the object. Treatment of trees and supplementary planting will be done within the frame of total revitalization of the castle park.
The practical unit describes the current status of vegetation monuments of garden art. The inventory trees is the essential tool for analyzing the current status of vegetation monuments of garden art. Inventory, which should provide quality base for a draft recovery, should also be addressed in certain parts with characteristics of individual species (Krejčiřík, 2015).
The results of field investigation were completely recorded in the graphical output.
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Healthy lifestyle of young population
Mašanská, Kateřina ; Polišenský, Miroslav (advisor) ; Pavlína, Pavlína (referee)
Thesis Healthy lifestyle of young population is dealing with a concepts which are related to a leisure and healthy life style mainly in theoretical part of this thesis. More of that are desscribed a factors which affect the healt level. Next content is related to the disease caused by the non helathy life style. Quantity of leisure centers and their participants are statistically calculated in practical part of this thesis. Also the participats of optional hobby groups and the cost for them. Analysis of two similar students with overweight was proceed in view of their BMI, rating habits, exercise and healthy life style recommendations. Conclusion content is handling with a current situation in youth centers and was specified a proposals for a better education of healthy life style.
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Parasites in nutria (Myocastor coypus)
Urbanová, Beáta ; Langrová, Iva (advisor) ; Nechybová, Stanislava (referee)
The aim of this work was published data concerning parasites coypu (Myocastor coypus).
The first part describes the anatomy and the ethology of a coypu. Nutria is a relatively large rodent, native from South America. It lives near the water areas in small family groups which are lead by the old female. Its body is adapted to the life in water. Nutria is herbivores, which eats littoral and aquatic plants. It is a polyestric animal which gives birth to about six nidifugous pups. The nutria is the non-native species in the Czech Republic. The first import of nutrias was held in 1924 from Argentina. After that they escaped from the farms and due to they got into the wild.
The second part of this work characterizes parasites that have been diagnosed in nutrias. Protozoa diseases cause the coccidia and Toxoplasma. The coccidia are parasites of the genus Eimeria and belong to the most dangerous diseases for nutrias. The trematodes (Fasciola hepatica) also occur in nutrias and causing obturation and destruction of the liver. Anoplocephala sp., Hymenolepis octocornata and Rodentolepis avetjanae from tapeworms parasitize in nutria. Additionally nutrias serve as intermediate hosts of Echinococcus granulosus, Multiceps serialis and Taenia tenuicollis. The diseases, caused by parasitic nematodes from class Nematodes, are caused by parasites Trichinella spiralis, Trichuris myocastoris, the worms of genus Strongyloides (Strongyloides myopotami), and the worms from superfamily Trichostrongyloidae (Trichostrongylus retortaeformis, T. myocastoris). Among the most ectoparasitic diseases frequently belong the scabies (Myocoptes myocastori, Chirodiscoides caviae) and Demodex spp.
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Spatial development in city Čáslav before and after year 1989
Lejnarová, Tereza ; Šlemr, Jan (advisor) ; Macoun, Milan (referee)
In my bachelor thesis I investigate influence of the urban development planning before and after year 1989 through analysis of it in Čáslav. In my literature review I introduce signs of urban development planning in the Czech lands before year 1989 in the context of the communist centrally planned economy and consecutive transformation to the capitalistic market economy after year 1989. I describe changes apparent in Čáslav which are based on the differences in the urban development planning before and after year 1989. To precisely collect these changes, I used methods of qualitative research which I describe in detail in the thesis. I chose interviews as my main research method. I interviewed people who participated in the spatial development planning in Čáslav. In my thesis I compared literature on the planning before and after year 1989 and information about changes in the town with people who participated on them and whose perception of them may differ from official statement. The goal of my thesis is to describe the urban development planning in Čáslav before and after year 1989 and perception of differences in it by people who participated in it.
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