|
|
Role and Use of Speech Acts in the Dialogues of the Novel Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen
Pellar, Jan ; Pípalová, Renata (advisor) ; Richterová, Jana (referee)
This work from the field of pragmatics introduces the application of the concept of speech acts (see J. L. Austin, J. Searle) to the literary sample of 15 chosen dialogues i.e. 1122 sentences from the novel Pride and Prejudice by the classical English author Jane Austen. It introduces an eight-member modified classification of speech acts: representatives, assertives, directives, connissives, expressives, interrogatives, requestives and daclarations. There are eight literary characters included in the research together with marginally Charlotte Lucas, who use speech acts to express their communicative intentions. The main heroine Elizabeth occurring in 12 dialogues uses mostly representatives, assertives and expressives. The remaining three dialogues involve Mrs Bennet and her husband Mr Bennet. Jane Austen's language is very rich and complex, with frequent occurrence of politeness turns of phrase. Some mixed and multiple categories also add to this complexity (there are 55.8% of simple ones; 39.1% of double, 4.6% of triple, quadruple only 0.5 % of the 969 sentences counted). This work also contains some comments on stylistic analysis featuring selected interesting literary and pragmatic aspects of the dialogical samples.
|
|
|
Semantic web in the confrontation with Peirce's Semiotics
Řeháčková, Dana ; Fišerová, Michaela (advisor) ; Švantner, Martin (referee)
The Semantic web was created for the conceptualization of data available on the Internet. Through formalized representations that are determined for data sharing and reusing, its vision should be achieved. One of the main aims of the Semantic web is to achieve answers to a searched question which demonstrates high exactness and relevance. The controversy and polysemy of the term "Semantic web" lets us consider the question: "What is the limit of involving semantic aspects provided on Semantic web?" Is it not only the amount of determinations of specific standards that are connected with data itself? The main aim of this thesis is to compare the use of the terminology appearing on the Semantic web in semantic metadiscourse with traditional academic semiotic approaches appearing from pragmatism of Ch. S. Peirce, Ch. W. Morris, and H. P. Grice. The main thesis aim is to clarify the function of semantic web, basically its function and its conception, by comparation academic's semiotics' approaches of pragmaticism Ch. S. Peirce and pragmatism H.P. Grice to help with mapping the problematic area which is connected with using terms such as "meaning," and "understanding," and to explore and make less confused the possibilities of the function of the Semantic web.
|
|
|
Interjections in Spanish
OVEJAS MARTIN, Vanesa
This thesis is focus on Spanish interjections, especially the group of proper?s ones. According to the information exposed, we have created one didactic unit for teaching this type of units to foreign Spanish students. In order to carry out the study, firstly, we have stablished their phonetic and phonological, morphological, syntactical and semantic-pragmatic properties. Moreover, we have developed a corpus with the proper interjections from Spanish language, taking from the literature and our own introspection. We have selected the most productive of them from the Spanish corpus: CREA and CORPES XXI. This units have been described according to theirs pragmatic functions and, secondly, to theirs phonetic features and their discursive position. This information is based in the analysis of examples from CORPES XXI. Finally, we have proposed activities for their learning as foreign language. All of them are for the levels B2-C1, according to MCER. They are organised in three sessions. This didactic unit develop all the skills, but mainly the oral ones: listening and oral production.
|
|
|
A comparison of political hedging in British and Australian political discourse
Nevrkla, Lukáš ; Klégr, Aleš (advisor) ; Šaldová, Pavlína (referee)
The thesis analyses the pragmatic aspects of the language of political discourse in the particular context of the institute of parliamentary question time. The thesis examines and compares the use of hedging in the context of other communication management strategies (e.g., evasion, reformulation, dodging a footing shift) in the British House of Commons and in the Australian House of Representatives. In addition, the thesis seeks to test the methodological approaches and verify the conclusions reached in previous research, especially by Alan Partington (2003) and Bruce Fraser (2010). Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
|
|
|
Semiotics and Ideology in Political Marketing: Analysis of Selected Election Campaigns
Macháček, Roman ; Kladný, Tomáš (advisor) ; Řehořová, Irena (referee)
In this diploma thesis I will deal with verbal and visual expressions of selected electoral campaigns. Especially the campaigns of Barack Obama and Andrej Babiš, selected on the basis of distinct similarities, but also the campaigns of Karel Schwarzenberg and Miloš Zeman competing during the presidential election. I will introduce the techniques and strategies of political marketing in different media types. I will also describe the functioning and effects of a political self-representation. I will also examine the ideological function of a political campaign. I will use the critical discourse analysis of individual campaigns as a method of my research. My work will be based on different definitions of ideology, especially Althusser's, and Barthes' concept of amplification. Another tool will be an iconologic interpretation of the above mentioned campaigns. I will draw from Vilém Flusser's communicology, but also from the works of Pierre Bourdieu and Susan Sontag. In my work I will also pursue the concept of media reality that affects our daily lives. In this part I will be based on Niklas Luhmann and Jean Baudrillard and his theory of simulacra.
|
|
|
Substandard vocabulary in the Russian media language
Tutak, Sofiya ; Konečný, Jakub (advisor) ; Rozboudová, Lenka (referee)
TITLE: Substandard vocabulary in the Russian media language AUTHOR: Sofiya Tutak DEPARTMENT: Russian Studies & Language Teaching Methodology Dept. SUPERVISOR: Mgr. Jakub Konečný ABSTRACT: To date, the study of the stylistic language system is one of the most important trends in linguistics. Researcher's interest to changes, development and proper use of language is still continue to grow. Especially the mass media language attracts the attention of researchers, because during the process of studying it can be clearly observed the processes of the development and changes of the language. This work is devoted to the phenomenon of the Russian language - subprime vocabulary. This topic is relevant today and it is still being studied by the linguists. Feature of this work consists of the increased attention to the vocabulary itself and to the content of the mass media test. This work reveals the history, development and styles of the vocabulary as well as the functions and features of the mass media language. Works of the Russian linguists, such as G.Y. Solganik, V.V. Vinogradov, L.V. Szczerba, L.A. Vvedenskaya, Y.S. Maslov etc became as the base of this work. KEYWORDS: Vocabulary, standard language, linguistic norm, sub-standard language, colloquial words, slang words, media, pragmatics.
|
|
|
Hypothetical Judgements, Truth and Assertibility
Punčochář, Vít ; Kolman, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Sedlár, Igor (referee) ; Bílková, Marta (referee)
Vít Punčochář Dissertation: Hypothetical Judgements, Truth and Assertibility Abstract: The main topic of this thesis is the logic of indicative conditionals, i.e. sentences of the form If A then B. In classical logic, these sentences are analysed with the help of the so- called material implication. However, the analysis is problematic in many respects. Some chapters of the thesis are devoted to the explanation of the problems, which one necessarily faces when analysing conditionals with the apparatus of standard classical logic. The stress is laid upon the fact that here we are led to a paradoxical situation: some general principles of classical logic (e.g. the principle according to which one can infer If not-A then B from A or B) seem to be unquestionable, but they have very controversial consequences. In the thesis, attempts are presented to defend classical logic as well as to revise it. The approaches to the logical analysis of conditionals are classified into two basic kinds: the first one might be called ontic and the second one epistemic. The ontic approach defines all crucial semantic notions in terms of the concept of truth that is modelled in logic as a relation between sentences of a given language and states of affairs. In contrast, the epistemic approach is not based on the concept of truth...
|
|
|
Verbal Irony in the Czech Discourse and its Perception
Rýparová, Dominika ; Šebesta, Karel (advisor) ; Saicová Římalová, Lucie (referee) ; Chejnová, Pavla (referee)
Verbal Irony in the Czech Discourse and its Perception Mgr. Dominika Rýparová Abstract This thesis sets the verbal irony into a broader context of human communication and supports the tendency to understand the irony as a communication strategy - not only as a speech figure or a tool to make our way of speaking more attractive. The aim of this work is to remind that irony is an integral part of our everyday communication, and a prerequisite for its use and understanding is built on the particular language experience. The experiment was examining the function of the four forms of irony, which differed in the degree of engaged humour or, conversely, expressed criticism. During the research one was able to get answers from a total of 3,167 respondents. Their analysis revealed that the major motivation for use of the selected types of irony is the humour, but the more humorous the statement is, the more the speaker takes a risk of not being completely understood, because he/she plays with reality too much. Further the results showed that the perception of irony-related emotions is influenced by our age. Younger people are more sensitive to the humorous points of irony, while the older are more tolerant of its critical part. The evaluation of irony is also affected by the communication role of the respondent...
|
|
|
The anglicisms in the function of journalese
Horáková, Markéta ; Jirák, Jan (advisor) ; Šoltys, Otakar (referee)
This diploma thesis primarily deals with anglicisms in magazines Bravo, Cosmopolitan and Popcorn in 1994, 2004 and 2014 in terms of linguistic, journalistic and pragmatic point of view. The thesis is divided into two main parts: theoretical and analytical. The theoretical part provides an interpretation focusing on the issue of acceptance of English loanwords into the Czech language, their work with them, their eventual integration into the language and stylistic force in the Czech articles. Finally, it takes into account the pragmatic aspect of the texts. The analytical part presents and explains specific examples of anglicisms in the selected magazines, works with adapting processes, and also shows its pragmatic and journalistic functions. On the basis of particular examples from selected magazines, the aim of this thesis is to describe the role of anglicisms in the texts, the way they are treated in the texts, how they are changed in order to serve the journalistic purposes, and how they influence the final form of media content, respectively the whole language system.
|
|
|
Forms of address in Finnish in the context of dynamic politeness norms
Štauberová, Markéta ; Sherman, Tamah (advisor) ; Fárová, Lenka (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to describe the current state of select politeness phenomena in Finnish which are expressed through language structure, namely the forms of address. My main research questions were: How do Finnish native speakers use T- and V-forms? Has there been any perceived development in the use of address forms in Finnish in the past ten years? Are there any special situations, occasions, places or institutions (...) in which speakers expect particular form of address? Have they experienced any recent changes? How is the possible rise in use of the V-form connected to the use of other politeness expressions in Finnish? The thesis begins with a general description of the most significant theoretical approaches to politeness. It, then, defines a place of forms of address within the linguistic politeness. The main theoretical basis for the thesis is linguistic pragmatics, in which politeness is seen as a dynamic interpersonal activity. Not only is politeness a linguistic phenomenon but it is also a matter of social behaviour. Therefore, it differs culturally but also situationally. In the second chapter, I examine the Finnish forms of address as a linguistic phenomenon. First, I consider nominal and pronominal forms of address, second, I explain the grammatical base for Finnish...
|
guest ::
