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Neurocranial asymmetry from normal shape to pathology
Forinová, Michala ; Velemínská, Jana (advisor) ; Bigoni, Lucie (referee)
Neurocranial asymmetry from normal shape to pathology Abstract: The bachelor thesis deals with the most frequent asymmetry of human skull - deformational plagiocephaly. Deformational (positional) plagiocephaly is the deformity of the skull, which is casued by external forces on developing, little rigid, skull of infants. An increased incidence of this deformity was noticed after 1992, when American Academy of Pediatrics marked supine position as the most safe sleeping position for infants, which decreases risk of Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). This thesis includes the context of this deformity such as the correct development of the skull, craniosynostosis or torticollis. Craniosynostosis, caused by premature fusion of suture, can lead to similiar resulting shape of the skull. To differentiate craniosynostosis from deformities caused by external forces is very important from the point of clinial view - craniosynostosis can lead to increasing of intracranial pressure and other complications. Expansion of deformational plagiocephaly can be connected in some cases with torticollis, which leads to asymmetrical posture of a head and following confirmation.
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World of asymmetrical responsibility
Kukla, Karel ; Semrádová, Ilona (advisor) ; Hogenová, Anna (referee) ; Kalábová, Helena (referee)
Thesis work WORLD OF ASYMMETRICAL RESPONSIBILITY develops the original racional concept concentrated on human existence, which was broken by the FACE OF THE OTHER MAN by Levinas. Using analogy we take human FACE AS THE CENTER OF MAN, his body center. The FACE moves forward and has a never ending range. Its potency and vital power calls for further research. Rule of law of asymmetrical responsibility standing for THE OTHER MAN and everyone with a character of unique choice are covered in this thesis work. The contribution into philosophy of education will be seen in restoration of original conception of theoria. Novum to asymmetrical responsibility and its origin are touching the conscious practice deriving from universal FACE. Namelees universal FACES with their own seals form the WORLD OF ASYMMETRICAL RESPONSIBILITY. Life in it in a way of eternity receives and gives immediately the CENTER of neverending row of human looks of FACES with irreplaceable destination in saving human life. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Optical response of magnetic materials
Wagenknecht, David ; Ostatnický, Tomáš (advisor) ; Antoš, Roman (referee)
David Wagenknecht: Abstract of a diploma thesis Optical response of magnetic materials, 2014 Magnetooptical properties of anisotropic semiconductors are studied to describe asymmetry of Ga1−xMnxAs, because theoretical calculations predict extraordinary behaviour of reflectivity. Analytical formulae to describe materials with non-diagonal permittivity are derived and they are used for the numerical calculations to describe the optical response of the samples available for the measurement. The transversal Kerr effect is calculated and it exhibits asymmetry in both rotation of the plane of polarization and ellipticity of circularly polarized light due to asymmetry in reflectivity. Moreover, longitudinal and polar magnetization are studied because of the influence on the observability of the phenomena. Results are not only used to discuss conditions, which must be satisfied to prove the asymmetry, but also the actual experimental setup is designed to prepare the measurement. 1
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The I-Thou relationship of Martin Buber and its radicalization by Emmanuel Levinas
Kroupová, Dana ; Noble, Ivana (advisor) ; Fischer, Ondřej (referee)
In this thesis I explore the relation in Buber's and Levinas's understanding. Both of these Jew philosophers endeavoured to describe an essence of genuine dialogue and both saw in dialogue the word that turns to a Thou, the primal deed of spirit. Nevertheless in spite of these similarities there are also a differences in their understanding of a dynamics within the genuine dialogue. Whereas Buber talks about a reciprocity in such a relation Levinas asserts that there is an asymmetry there and therefore he radicalizes Buber's conception and responsibility towards the other. In the first part of my thesis I focus on important influences on Buber's and Levinas' lives and introduce a "poetics" of their understanding of a genuine dialogue based particularly on their main piece of work: Buber's I and Thou and Levinas's Totality and Infinity. Although there was a communication between these two thinkers according to some philosophers it often exhibited a lack of dialogue and a failure to understand each other. Therefore I outline the similarities and differences in detail in the final chapters. Keywords Buber, Levinas, Rosenzweig, I - Thou relationship, face, reciprocity, asymmetry, responsibility, ethics, infinity
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Shape variability of diatom frustules during the life cycle.
Woodard, Kateřina ; Kulichová, Jana (advisor) ; Kleisner, Karel (referee)
The determination of diatom species is mostly based on morphology of a silicified cell wall. It is complicated by the fact of cell diminution during the vegetative phase of the life cycle, which is conected with shape changes and loss of some taxonomically importat characters. Even though the diminution during the life cycle is generally known phenomeon, there is a lack of studies on this theme. In this masters thesis, four monoclonal populations of model pennate diatom strains were used in order to study shape dynamics during the life cycle. The strains were cultivated for almost three years and parts of the cultures with a different size stages were fixed in permanent preparations. The digital photographs of the cells were used as a material for the geometric morphometrics analyses. The study revealed high contribution of significant allometric changes to an overall shape variability. During the vegetative phase of the life cycle, disparity of the cells increases and complexity of the cells decreases. The contribution of symetric variability to an overall shape variability is more than eighty percent. Phenotypic plasticity in a monoclonal populations is an interesting finding from an evolutionary point of view. It may indicate constraints caused by the silica cell wall. During the size diminution...
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Cerebral laterality in birds and mammals, its behavioral correlation and evolutionary significance
Tureček, Petr ; Komárek, Stanislav (advisor) ; Němec, Pavel (referee)
Lateralization of brain is ubiquitous quality of vertebrate brain. In this paper we rewiev examples of brain lateralization in birds and mammals and it's behavioral impacts. Than we discuss possible evolutionary origins of these asymmetries and their evolutionary significance. We try to explain individual as well as population level lateralization. We propose, that population level lateralization can, in principle, arise just on the genofondal basis, if the organism itself contributes to the enviroment with the lateralized behavior. Lateralized sensory input on the other hand should stand on the advantages of synchronizing with other individuals due to the disatvantage of predictability of lateralized population. Keywords: Lateralization; laterality; population level lateralization; asymmetry; evolutionary significance
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Role of genetic variance in speciation
Payne, Pavel ; Markoš, Anton (advisor) ; Rueffler, Claus (referee)
Sympatric speciation has received much attention both empirically and theoretically. However, the contribution of sympatric speciation to biodiversity remains unclear. One piece missing from the speciation puzzle is the plausibility of sympatric ecological divergence of species through adaptation in polygenic traits. I consider an environment consisting of two niches, where one value of the trait is advantageous in only one niche, and vice versa. The selection regime is described by a trade-off in viabilities between the niches. These polygenic traits can, and often do, involve epistatic interactions among and between loci, so that the contribution of the alleles to viability deviates from additivity. Epistasis then also affects the curvature of the trade-offs: predominant less-than-additive epistasis turns the curve towards concavity and predominant more-than-additive towards convexity. The curvature of the trade-off plays a crucial role in the evolution of populations. With a convex trade- off, extreme values of the trait are favored and the population tends to diverge, but relatively stringent symmetry in strength of selection within the niches and the niche proportions is necessary to maintain polymorphism. In this study I use two and three- locus haploid versions of Levene's model to...
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Shape, size and proportions of lower limb long bones among human populations from Eneolithic to the Modern Era.
Šídová, Markéta ; Velemínský, Petr (advisor) ; Brůžek, Jaroslav (referee)
Differences in the lifestyle of various populations may lead to changes in the shape of the long limb bones. This involves a reaction to the degree of mechanical and environmental stress acting upon these bones. Our work examined changes in the shape, proportions and size of the lower limb long bones (femur, tibia) over roughly the past five thousand years, or more precisely from the later phase of the Early Stone Age up to the 20th century. We studied the femurs and tibias of a total 520 adult individuals − 313 males and 207 females − from seven different periods or rather archaeological cultures. Our evaluation was based on the external, linear dimensions of the bones studied. Biological parameters were evaluated in relation to sexual dimorphism and lateral asymmetry. We paid special attention to the degree of flattening of the proximal third of the femoral and tibial shafts. Sexual dimorphism differed in individual populations. We found the least statistically significant parameters of sexual dimorphism in the oldest, Eneolithic, samples. In contrast, both sexes differed in the greatest number of parameters in the Early Middle Ages. Lateral asymmetry was most frequently demonstrated for the width dimensions in the case of the femoral and tibial diaphyses, which are in complete concurrence with...
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How does gasoline stations in Czech republic react to change of crude oil price on commodity exchange?
Hrabalík, Ondřej ; Stroukal, Dominik (advisor) ; Vozárová, Pavla (referee)
Aim of this thesis was finding out whether there is asymmetry on gasoline market in Czech republic, which is common knowledge or if asymmetry is only illusion. With daily data about gasoline and diesel prices from CZ market and also daily Brent Crude Oil price, thesis tires to prove that there is no asymmetry on the market. Analysis was done with asymmetric error correction model and further testing of asymmetry with koeficients from ECM. Results yield that both gasoline and diesel markets show rather symmetrical reaction on entry price change. Asymmetry was proven only in few lags and final statement is that asymmetry on market in Czech republic is rather illusion then reality.
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Mortgage crisis in the USA and Europe and impact of ABS, MBS and GSE on the crisis
Malakjan, Stiv ; Brada, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Osička, Štěpán (referee)
This thesis charts the evolution of US Housing financial system and housing market. The goal is to create a complex picture about wider circumstances and causes of the mortgage crisis. The first part describes the history of US mortgage market and institutions that operate on the market. The second part focuses on the securitization and entities that are in this process participating. It also explores the connections between individual participants. Thirt charter looks at the causes and entities that caused the mortgage market meltdown and examines thein motivation. The final part looks at the situation that occured after the bubble burst. Explores the trend of future regulation and mortgage market evolution.
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