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Pakistan: Key Factor for American Involvement in Afghanistan (during presidency of George W. Bush)
Snášel, Filip ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Anděl, Petr (referee)
American relations with Pakistan went through various ups and downs from being allied during the Cold war to imposing sanctions in last decade of the twentieth century. After 9/11 attack on World Trade Center and Pentagon Pakistan quickly joined the United States in the War on Terror. In my thesis I analyze positions and influence of Pakistan during invasion to Afghanistan. and seven next years of the Operation Enduging Freedom during George W. Bush administration. At first I concentrate on historical experience of Pakistan and development in the area before american invasion to Afghanistan. I also surveying terrorist movements on Pakistani soil, which are important for later development and are connected to Pakistani secret service ISI. ISI tried some years after 2001 to maintain friendly relations with Taliban and other terrorist groups along Afghan - Pakistan border, but terrorists, basically anti-system movements, wanted to establish in Pakistan and Afghanistan states constituted as Islamic emirates. President Musharraf under pressure of forthcoming events and the United States understood that supporting Taliban is no longer sustainable policy and decided to act against terrorist groups home in Pakistan. This move however triggered suicide bombings and massive uprising which hit in 2006/2007...
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Russian 'hybrid warfare': 1979-2014
Feryna, Jan ; Bahenský, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Kofroň, Jan (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with research question of whether so called Russian hybrid warfare is new or not. In the introduction chapter, a structure of this thesis is presented. After the introduction, Western and Russian views on hybrid warfare are discussed and used as a concept. The author assumes that hybrid warfare was used by Russia in Crimea and eastern Ukraine and therefore is this case considered as proven. Above mentioned Russian view on hybrid warfare is operationalized and then applied. There are two main cases which will be examined - Soviet invasion in Afghanistan in 1979 and Russian war with Georgia in 2008. Results chapter comprises of final table which sums up results of the research. In the conclusion chapter, there is a clear answer to the above-mentioned research question.
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International interventions - the cause of suicide terrorism?
Tesařová, Šárka ; Kofroň, Jan (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
This diploma thesis aims to explore whether international intervention can be the main cause of suicide terrorism. To determine this causal relation between suicide terrorism and international intervention, it tests Robert Pape's nationalist theory. The research sample of the cases of Afghanistan, Iraq, Pakistan, and Palestine was selected based on the Suicide Terrorism Attack database. The thesis applies the empirical-analytical methodology and the method of multiple case study to confirm or refute the validity of the research hypotheses. The outcome of the thesis is that the main trigger for a suicide terrorist campaign is a significantly stronger adversary, a social climate conducive to self- sacrifice, and an individual sense of hopelessness. The presence of international intervention fulfils all these features, but the theory has its limits - an exclusive focus on foreign intervention and state centrality.
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Jihadisation of Insurgencies: A Corollary of Civil Wars
Anand, Nayan ; Aslan, Emil (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
Large scale destruction and surfeit chaos that accompany civil wars have provided a platform to several insurgencies operating in the setting to compete in a struggle for increased power and territorial occupation against their depraved regimes and each other. It is during this power struggle that several insurgencies make a jump from a purely nationalistic agenda of the civil war to a larger religious goal by complying with jihadist organisations thriving in the region. Although the topic of civil war and religious radicalisation has been on the international agenda as well as the academic community for many years now, proselytizing and hijacking of national agenda of insurgencies by religious extremists is also of growing concern. Thus, this research will seek to find if jihadisation of insurgencies is a direct consequence of civil wars by using the Afghanistan and the Syrian Civil wars as case studies. The approach adopted here is to dwell into the factors behind the adoption of jihadist ideologies by insurgencies in war zones. These factors would then be applied to both the case studies. The paper will incorporate insights from previous qualitative studies conducted on geo-referenced terror, the role of religion, and ideologies in civil wars in the aforementioned countries to arrive at the...
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Security sector reform and post conflict peacebuilding in Afghanistan
Daim, Makam khan ; Visoka, Gëzim (advisor) ; Aslan, Emil (referee)
Security Sector Reform (SSR) is considered a significant feature in post-conflict peacebuilding efforts typically employed by states and international partners. Recently, the concept of SSR has played a significant role in the statebuilding process in Afghanistan after the Taliban regime; however, a disorganised and unplanned withdrawal poses severe threats to the security sector. This thesis explores the SSR efforts made by the western states after the end of the Taliban regime. The holistic approaches present in policy and strategy documents are quite challenging when it comes to SSR implementation in a post-conflict country ruled by an insurgent group for years. This thesis illustrates two competing approaches that show how SSR played a role in the post-conflict peacebuilding within Afghanistan and how peace spoilers and US/NATO withdrawal will impact the gains of twenty years in SSR. In order to better analyse the SSR process, a case study of the Afghan National Police is used. Moreover, this thesis offers some practical policy recommendations that can be useful for the concept of SSR in Afghanistan. This thesis does not offer a solution to the challenges of SSR in post-conflict countries like Afghanistan. Yet, it suggests that an uncoordinated withdrawal of external powers can negatively...
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The Soviet war in Afghanistan from the perspective of Rudé právo and New York Times periodicals
Pinďák, Petr ; Bednařík, Petr (advisor) ; Köpplová, Barbara (referee)
The main theme of this thesis is to look into the conflict known as the "Soviet war in Afghanistan", respectively its important parts by the looks of two, radically different contemporary/period periodicals. These periodicals are both well known, New York Times and Rudé právo. The main goal of this thesis is to compare the view of important events in both of these periodicals and then compare these portrayed views with actual historic context. Thesis is divided into three parts. First part mainly focuses on the historic context of portrayed conflict, its development and a detailed look into both involved parties. The second part focuses on the actual analysis of the viewed content or rather qualitative research, and then takes a closer look at chosen events of this conflict in both periodicals. The third part zeroes in on to final analysis of the data, obtained by qualitative research in the previous part. Finally, the third part aims to evaluate the way these periodicals portrayed this conflict and how much did these views aligned with the historic context.
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Examining the Growth of Private Military Contractors and their Applications in State Stability in Latin America
Austman, Connor ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor) ; Bureš, Oldřich (referee)
Private military companies have rapidly filled in many operational force capacities that national militaries now longer have the capabilities to fill natively. As such, PMCs have expanded their rosters as well as their services provided to fill in many roles, and have carried out many such roles such as logistics management, personal and site security, and some inherently state functions such as training indigenous security forces and interrogation of prisoners. This rise has impacted national militaries in many facets of their operations and abstract professional bases. The ability of the PMC to carry out operations at the same standard as regular soldiers but with higher pay has impacted how the regular soldier views their own place in the professional national military, and creates problems for the establishment as a whole. This thesis will discuss the Iraq War as a case study and the impact of PMCs on the war, as well as introduce the Huntingtonian theories of soldier professionalism and corporateness, and will also employ a critical Marxist perspective to analyse the role and impact of PMCs in the modern military convention and in civil-military relations.
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