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State supervision of local government
Hustáková, Jaroslava ; Kopecký, Martin (advisor) ; Rajchl, Jiří (referee)
This thesis is dealing with the theme of States supervision of local governments and aims describing of the system and theory of the process of the supervision and control of local government units as one of the main features of modern democratic society. Big impact of mainly legislative activities of municipalities and regions on lives of the citizens is actually the main reason why state has to supervise it. The first part of the text I devoted to a theoretical introduction. I am trying to describe basic concepts necessary for whole work. After that I mentioned legislation which lays the foundation of whole problematic and determines what is supervised, by who it is supervised and how. In next part I specified the subject of the states supervision and by that partly subject of this thesis, which mainly is legislative activity of local governments. In following part I was writing about different phases of the supervising relation between supervisor and supervised body. For better illustration, I used a few examples and practical information about communication between them and what results it brings. Next part I devoted to the exercising of the states supervision of local governments units itself. Firstly I was describing the supervision of municipalities over their delegated and as well over...
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Territorial self-government in a comparative perspective: Japan and the Czech Republic
Křížek, Jakub ; Kopecký, Martin (advisor) ; Svoboda, Petr (referee)
The purpose of my research is to analyse the territorial self-government in Japan and the Czech Republic from a comparative perspective and provide an outline of the main differences and similarities between the legal conception of local and regional self- government in these two countries. The thesis is composed of ten chapters, each of them dealing with some typical features of the Japanese self-government, such as the constitutional foundations, the personal and territorial dimension of Japanese prefectures and municipalities etc. While the odd chapters are mainly analytical, the even chapters focus on a more detailed comparison of the aforementioned legal issues with their respective equivalents in the Czech law. The first two chapters deal with the question of the constitutional foundations of the territorial self-government in both countries, finding great similarities in both legal conceptions, the main difference being the express provision for direct election of mayors and governors in the Japanese one. Subsequently, the author gives an overview and detailed analysis of the so called basic elements of the self-government, namely population, territory and legal personality including the right to self-government. While the fundamental features of them may overlap in both countries,...
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Municipal self-government in the Czech Republic: theoretical and historical basics
Malast, Jan ; Kopecký, Martin (advisor) ; Sládeček, Vladimír (referee) ; Průcha, Petr (referee)
The dissertation deals with the municipal self-government specifically focusing on its theoretical and historical background. The aim of this work was to elaborate the municipal self-government, not only to transcript or write a comment on the legal regulation, but also to inspect the assigned problem by the optics of legal theory, legal history and political science perspectives. This dissertation should provide a comprehensive perspective on the issue of municipal self-government, not only in its current legal regulation, but also identifying its theoretical backgrounds and historical roots. This paper primarily defines a set of institutions that can be summarized as fundamental theoretical aspects of public self-government (emphasizing the specifics of local or municipal self-government). In the context of the origin and development of modern public administration the work examines the main causes which led to the incorporation of elements of self-government into the modern administration. These reasons proceed not only from its historical and social roots of communal co-existence of human society, but are significantly based on political ideals forming the vertical division of public authorities within the natural effort of inhabitants in discharging from the traditionally centralized state...
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The problematic aspects of financing of cities and minucipalities in the Czech Republic
Kruntorádová, Ilona ; Jüptner, Petr (advisor) ; Čopík, Jan (referee)
In 2000, respectively 2003 the Czech Republic finished the first and the second stage of public administration reform, which is closely linked with the issue of public financing, especially the financing of municipalities. This thesis analyzes the problematic aspects of the financing of municipalities in the Czech Republic in terms of the status of municipalities in the political system. Municipal budgets are the means by which local governments fulfil their objectives, policies and ensure the development of their municipalities. It is a highly topical issue. Political leaders of local authorities are not due to play the differing roles and provide different level of public services, united in the opinion of the form of financing of local budgets. Municipalities do not have such a strong unified voice in ensuring its priorities. These different interests are reflected in the programs of political parties. The question of financing municipalities would probably disintegrated ODS and TOP 09 together with STAN in the coalition in cas of the absence of other contradictions. The issue of local governement funding goes beyond the scope of political science. It is multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary topic. In order to grasp and research the topic from political science perspective, it is necessary to...
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The position of local self-government in the regulation of lotteries and other similar games
Ulrich, Václav ; Kopecký, Martin (advisor) ; Prášková, Helena (referee)
The position of local self-government in the regulation of lotteries and other similar games This thesis covers the position of local self-government in the Czech republic in the regulation of gambling. The role of local self-government, especially the municipalities, was rather recently reinforced thanks to a series of changes during the last two years. My objective is to describe the development of the position of local administration in this area and through an impartial opinion show the consequences of the aforementioned changes. My thesis is composed of three parts. Before I start dealing with the essential topic of my thesis, I have to define the basic notion in the first part of my work, by which I mean the notion of lotteries and other similar games of chance not only according to Act No. 202/1990 Coll., but also according to the foreign legislation (e.g. Belgian). I mention two basic aspects of this notion. The first one is based on the civil law and the second one much more important to my thesis is based on the norms of public law. After this selection I continue with classification of games of chance, but accordnig to my thesis, I try to show the differences between the games of chance that are object of the regulation of local self-government and the games of chance that are not. The most...
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The control of the Supreme Audit Office over territorial self-governing units
Humhalová, Barbora ; Boháč, Radim (advisor) ; Marková, Hana (referee)
Different countries are at varying degrees centralized and need for their activity especially financial and personnel resources in conjunction with the well-defined management processes. In general, both at central and decentralized levels are managed entrusted funds. Therefore it is need in the public sector to set the functioning internal and external control mechanisms. In the Czech Republic, oversees the management of state property and the state budget independent (external) body - the Supreme Audit Office (SAO). This institution has no power of control over the management of local governments or public entities. The issue of extension of SAO competencies is currently highly debated. This work is focused on the possible extension of the SAO competencies towards local government. Author compares and evaluates current opinions about possible amendments to the Constitution and the Law on the Supreme Audit Office towards control of local governments. Fears of the representatives of local government mainly concern the possible limitations of the constitutionally given right to self-government. SAO has no competency to impose remedies or somehow punish controlled entity. The SAO should ideally lead to the responsible management of entrusted funds in public sector. And not just in terms of legality,...
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Success Factors and Barriers for Climate Protection Projects in the Selected Czech Cities
Hejralová, Eva ; Rynda, Ivan (advisor) ; Sutlovičová, Klára (referee)
Cities are important actors in global climate protection. Almost 80% of global CO2 emissions are produced in urban areas. At the same time cities are in a good position to bring out innovative solutions. Local initiatives in the Czech Republic often take an implicit form: they don't aim directly at reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This paper analyses nine projects in the building sector, which have been implemented by Czech cities. It looks for factors that have contributed to the initiation of studied projects and facilitated or inhibited its implementation. Factors have been gathered throughout semi-structured interviews. The research have revealed two relevant barriers and twelve success factors, which have been classified according to the thematic categories: "Economics," "Livability," "Politics," "Institutions," and "Information." Most of them concern the category "Information," while none of them concerns the category "Livability." The research outcomes can serve as an inspiration for other cities and also for actors shaping conditions for local climate protection, in particular NGOs and central government.
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Regional establishment (Karlovy Vary Region)
Vukliševičová, Nikola ; Čopík, Jan (advisor) ; Dušan, Dušan (referee)
The topic of this diploma thesis is The regional establishment in the Karlovy Vary region. The main aim of the thesis is to delineate the character of the decision-making process in local self-government based on the analysis of the regional party system and comparison of the results of regional elections within the election period from 2000 to 2016.
The thesis consists of two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part is focused on description of the basic concepts, which are related to regional development, creation and work of the region, regional election process and evaluation of the socioeconomic indicators in the Karlovy Vary region. The following practical part is focused on analysis of the regional party system, coalition formation process and comparison of the results of regional elections in the Karlovy Vary region in the period 2000 to 2016.
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The problematic aspects of financing of cities and minucipalities in the Czech Republic.
Kruntorádová, Ilona ; Jüptner, Petr (advisor) ; Čopík, Jan (referee)
In 2000, respectively 2003 the Czech Republic finished the first and the second stage of public administration reform, which is closely linked with the issue of public financing, especially the financing of municipalities. This diploma thesis analyzes the problematic aspects of the financing of municipalities in the Czech Republic in terms of the status of municipalities in the political system. Municipal budgets are the means by which local governments fulfil their objectives, policies and ensure the development of their municipalities. It is a highly topical issue. Political leaders of local authorities are not due to play the differing roles and provide different level of public services, united in the opinion of the form of financing of local budgets. Municipalities do not have such a strong unified voice in ensuring its priorities. These different interests are reflected in the programs of political parties. The question of financing municipalities would probably disintegrated ODS and TOP 09 together with STAN in the coalition in cas of the absence of other contradictions. The issue of local governement funding goes beyond the scope of political science. It is multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary topic. In order to grasp and research the topic from political science perspective, it is...
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