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Analysis of property crime in the Šumperk county
Suchomelová, Lucie ; Hudík, Marek (advisor) ; Brožová, Dagmar (referee)
There are many studies dealing with effects that are partly responsible for an increase in crime. To the most frequently researched influences belong the impact of the unemployment, extent of the punishment or probability of the apprehension to the amount of the committed crimes. The goal of my thesis is to test the influence of the selected variables on the amount of thefts, using the data from 2000-2010 in the Šumperk county. As dependent variables unemployment and probability of apprehension were chosen. Multiple regression suggests that the two dependent variables have a negative effect on the explained variable. Probability of the charge is low, around 30 %. Probability of conviction is high, over 90 %. The most frequent punishment for theft was a imprisonment between 9 to 12 months.
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Toxikological and health aspects of nonlethal chemical weapons.
HAMERNÍKOVÁ, Magdalena
ABSTRACT Toxicology and Health Aspects of Non-lethal Chemical Weapons. Non-lethal chemical weapons, which belong among the mass destruction weapons, have been one of the most frequently discussed topics recently. These weapons are able to disbar manpower or combat technology and weapons smartly and temporarily with minimum costs. The range of possible application of chemical weapons as non-lethal is probably wider compared to any other type, and there are a lot of means capable of immediate wide application nowadays. The possibility to produce highly efficient psychotropic substances with controllable action time, human immobilizing substances is particularly pointed out. The main aim of my work is to clarify the importance of non-lethal chemical weapons as possible means of suppressing inner turmoil and to find the extent of knowledge of non-lethal chemical weapons among the informed and the general public by means of obtained answers and follow-up research, then to confirm hypotheses that the informed public consider non-lethal chemical weapons to be combat means and weapon systems intended for temporary putting people out of combat or other intentional activity; that the general public perceive non-lethal chemical weapons as health endangering substances and have only limited information about them, by means of selected statistical methods. I chose questionnaire survey to examine awareness of the general and informed public of this matter. The statistic sets in both the groups consist of a hundred respondents from the city of České Budějovice. Stratified selection was performed for both the examined sets upon consultation with a member of the Fire Brigade in České Budějovice. In terms of threat to the population it is important to ensure its safety, namely upon the knowledge among the units of the Integrated Emergency System intervening in the instance of terroristic attack.
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Quality of mammographic images and mammographic projections
VOSTŘÁKOVÁ, Michaela
Mammographic examination is highly important considering that breast cancer is the most frequent carcinoma in women in the Czech Republic. Of course, the quality of mammographic images depends on all parts of the imaging chain including a proper scanning technique and proper positioning of the patient as the breast should be sufficiently captured in the highest extent possible, including the pectoral muscle. Proper exposure and general quality of the images are also necessary in order to show discrete calcifications that may be the single sign of any pathological process in the breast. This thesis is aimed at evaluating the quality of mammographic imaging at two screening departments. One department has undergone complete digitization, the other applies classical film-based mammography. Mammography devices were replaced with digital ones at the film-based mammography department during this research. The result of this work consists in comparing the imaging quality at both these departments, completed with comparison of film-based and digital mammography at the department where the devices were replaced.
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The evacuation plan of the health care ward block in the mode of general evacuation {--} the analysis of the principle of the evacuation plan of the inhabitants and their application to a health care ward block.
SKÁCELOVÁ, Lada
Population evacuation plan is one of the plans of specific operations, which are covered within the region's emergency plan according to Decree No. 328/2001 Coll.Evacuation belongs among the basic methods of population protection, being a summary of principles and organisation measures to ensure moving the persons, animals and material assets from the area endangered by an extraordinary event to other area. In the case of an extraordinary event endangering larger territorial unit, not only the populated agglomerations and industrial facilities may be included in the area evacuation, but also the inpatient healthcare facilities, where the situation difficulty is amplified by the patients depending on care by medical personnel and provision of healthcare services. Presently, there is no clear legal standard imposing an obligation on organisations to elaborate a complete evacuation plan. This issue is covered only partially in the sphere of legislation concerning fire protection. Nevertheless within the region's emergency plan elaborated for solution of extraordinary events requiring declaration of the third level (in the case of endangering more than 100 and less than 1,000 persons) and special level of alarm (when more than 1,000, a part of a municipality or enterprise grounds are endangered), all organisations with more than 100 persons should have the evacuation plans prepared. In the case of inpatient healthcare facilities, elaboration of evacuation plans is absolutely inevitable. The theoretical part of the dissertation describes the general principles and methods of performing the population evacuation. Attention was paid also to professional coverage, evacuation authorities and organisations and their structure according to the scope of the taken measures. In the chapter called "Application of the evacuation plan to inpatient healthcare facilities", the general principles and procedures concerning evacuation were applied to the inpatient healthcare facilities. In the practical part of the dissertation, an analysis of preparedness of the inpatient healthcare facilities for possible area evacuation to all-nation extent was made and the hitherto experience of the personnel of the inpatient healthcare facilities with any type of evacuation and their preparedness for possible complete evacuation were examined. Such examinations were made by questionnaire surveys. The collected data have been processed by statistical methods. The evaluation of results is presented in the "Results" chapter. On the basis of the acquired knowledge, a proposal of evacuation plan was drafted for the inpatient healthcare facilities. At the end of the dissertation, the procedures are suggested that may help manage perfectly the potential complete evacuation. Expected utilisation of the dissertation results was directed to definition of the optimum procedures and measures leading to successful management of evacuation of an inpatient health care facility. The dissertation conclusions may be used not only as the document for creating evacuation plans for other health care facilities, but they may contribute to considerable extent to elaboration of uniform evacuation preparation methodology within the emergency preparedness of the healthcare services.
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Changes in pension insurance system in respect to the demographic development in the Czech Republic
HADAČOVÁ, Tereza
This master{\crq}s thesis deals with the issue of the pension system in relation to the demographic development in the Czech Republic. In describes the pension system from its very beginning until the effective legislation regulated by Act No. 155/1995, on Pension Insurance. The Czech pension system is based on two pillars {--} the basic obligatory system of pension insurance where the principle of social solidarity is applied and that is based on continuous funding (PAYG), and the voluntary private pension scheme with a state contribution. The private scheme is conceived as individual savings and is based on capital funding. The financial balance of the pay-as-you-go system where the expenditures on the benefits for current pensioners are immediately paid from the funds of those who are economically active to a critical extent depends on the rate between the number of pensioners and the number of contribution payers. As the expenditure on old-age pension accounts for the highest share in the expenditure on pension insurance, the rate between the number of pensioners and the number of contribution payers is primarily determined by the age structure of the population. Similarly to all developed countries, the development of the age structure of the population of the Czech Republic is marked with ageing of population as a result of the stagnating or decreasing fertility and extension of the lifespan. Benefits derived from the period of insurance and generated earnings are then paid from the pension insurance. They include old-age pension, disability pensions, and survivors{\crq} pensions. The aim of this thesis was not only to map out the current situation, but to define pros and cons of effective legislation related to pension insurance based on interviews with employees of district social security administrations, taking into account the demographic development in the Czech Republic. It also aimed at establishing the opinion of the lay public on the operation of the existing system and providing it within the context of the answers given by the expert public. To achieve these objectives, the qualitative method of document analysis and questioning was applied. Research techniques included a secondary data analysis and a half-standardised interview. The reviewed set comprised 11 officers at pension departments of district social security administrations and 11 respondents from among the lay public. The results of the research show that the current setting of the pension system is regarded as rather negative. The changes that must be made must be comprehensive and going across multiple systems; with a functioning labour market and stable background for families with children being an utmost necessity. It is also necessary to change the thinking of the citizens of the Czech Republic where one should no longer rely on the state only, but build on a responsible approach to one{\crq}s life and provide for oneself with one{\crq}s own founds for any social event, not only including the loss of income due to old age. The opinions of the expert and lay public were the same in more than 80%. With respect to the information obtained, this thesis might be a useful contribution to the discussion on other legislative changes in the pension system with a subsequent positive impact when applied in practice.
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Conventions on Chemical and Biological Weapons - Similarities and Differences
JANTAČOVÁ, Veronika
Currently, although we are not jeopardized by global conflicts, but when the threat of chemical or biological attack, especially from the side of some of terrorist groups or a belligerent state, is still real, it is necessary to use all possible available measures for the conservation of global security against conventional weapons and weapons of mass destruction. The aim of this thesis is the following: To analyze texts of both stated Conventions and thus to get a consolidated view on the issue of biological and chemical weapons from the legislative point of view. To obtain, on the basis of the analysis and systematic comparison of particular provisions, an overview of identical and different elements in both Conventions. On the basis of results of the mutual comparison of particular provisions of both Conventions, to assess, according to their versions, meaning and extent, the influence on performance of both Conventions. After meeting these objectives it was possible to provide an answer to the stated research question: Are the measures formulated in international Conventions on the Prohibition of Biological and Chemical weapons sufficient in their importance, versions and extent, including the effective control? For the purpose of this thesis, theoretical part is focused especially on defining biological and chemical weapons and effective warfare agents. Furthermore, in order to obtain the idea of the importance of existence of international Conventions on the Prohibition of Biological and Chemical Weapons there is given a brief history of the use of these weapons in armed conflicts and a history accompanying negotiations regarding their prohibition. For completeness, the current state of biological and chemical weapons and compliance with both Conventions are given in conclusion. Second part of the thesis is devoted to the analysis and comparison of texts of both Conventions, so objectives of the thesis could be achieved and the research question could be answered. Stated objectives were achieved with the assistance of methods of the qualitative research. After detailed analysis of both texts and systematic assessment of individual measures contained in them, there were detected especially the range and overall text of each Convention. Subsequently, identical and different articles were mutually compared in order to observe the differences, which could have an impact on the performance of both conventions. After overall review of compliances and differences, and after the assessment of the scale, version and meaning of particular different provisions, the research question could be answered, and at the same time basic recommendations, whose importance may represent means to more efficient implementation of individual provisions of Conventions, could be defined. On the basis of results of comparison of particular provisions of both Conventions, in response to the research question it is necessary to state, that actions formulated in CWC, including its Annexes, appear to be sufficient for compliance with arising obligations. While measures contained in BWC, in particular in terms of the absence of any control measures, which could be used as an effective feedback regarding the implementation of provisions of the Convention, optionality to declare information on activities unrestricted by the Convention and inaccurate definition of components seem to be insufficient in its version, extent and meaning for this purpose. Essential reformation regarding the implementation of the objectives of BWC would be adoption of a complex of control measures according to the design of CWC, which has major impact on the objectives of the Convention. Proposed completion of existing articles, in case of which the change in wording would extend the scope of their versions and increase the emphasis on some areas of contained provisions for more efficient implementation of the Convention, may be also beneficial.
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Ownership Land (object, subject-matter and content)
Muková Krůfová, Simona ; Drobník, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Franková, Martina (referee)
Ownership Land (object, subject-matter and content) The aim of my thesis is to give a brief owerview of ownership land, namely its object, subject-matter and content. The reason for choosing this topic is that with no doubí belongs to the current issues in the field. Primarily, considering the object ownership land, ie land and its special features, mainly its limited quantity. The thesis is composed of four parts further divided into chapters and subchapters. Part one deals with object of ownership land. The land has certain special characteristics: it has a multifunctional and indispensable character of the land, the limited extent and the irreplaceability, the fact that the land is not a result of human activities and finally, the special characteristic that the land is not consumed or destroyed by using. In this chapter is land also defined as a thing and as a plot of land. An important and signifiant institute of Land law is purpose-categorization of the land. I deal with that issue at the end of this part. Part two is focused on subjects-matter of ownership land. There is an interpretation of natural persons, legal entities, territorial self-governing units and state. Just as other things also the land may be owned by more than one owner. This issue is engaged in a chapter on co-ownership....
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Essays on the Behavior of Agents in Financial Markets
Kopřiva, František ; Hanousek, Jan (advisor) ; Hasan, Iftekhar (referee) ; Vachadze, George (referee)
In the first chapter, I focus on the extent of information-driven trading originating from order flows to capture the behavior of the market makers on an emerging market. With my supervisor, we modified the classical Easley et al. (1996) model for the probability of informed trading using a jackknife approach in which trades of one particular market maker at a time are left out from the sum of all buys and sells. Using the estimates from the jackknife approach, for each market maker we test whether the order flows associated with the particular market maker behaved significantly different from the others. Data from the Prague Stock Exchange SPAD trading platform are used to demonstrate our methodology. Finding significant differences in the probability of informed trading computed from order flows, we conclude that order flows could reveal the extent of information-driven trading and could potentially be used by regulatory authorities to identify the suspicious behavior of market participants. In the second chapter I analyze the potential conflict of interest between associated analysts and brokers. In contrast to the existing literature, with my supervisor, we do not analyze prediction accuracy and/or biases in analyst recommendations. Instead we focus our analysis on brokers and examine whether...
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Concurrence of the Position of a Governing Body and Statutory Authorization in Limited Companies and Cooperative in a Comparative Context
Fröhlich, Lukáš ; Černá, Stanislava (advisor) ; Liška, Petr (referee)
1 Concurrence of the Position of a Governing Body and Statutory Authorization in Limited Companies and Cooperative in a Comparative Context Abstract The thesis provides an analysis of function concurrence between board members and employees to the extent of board members in companies limited by shares and in a society. The aim of this thesis is to describe the relative issues, problematic and controversial aspects of current doctrine and propose possible solutions, which could be acceptable for legal theory as well as for legal practice. The work is divided into three main parts. The first part deals with the validity of employment contract in case of concurrence of functions. The second part then describes the issue of company representation in case of concurrence of functions. The last part describes the relative issues, which are common to both previous sections. The first part deals mainly with the current legal regulation of the employment contract in case of concurrence of functions. Not long ago, the employment contract was held as invalid by case law; however a recent legislation has brought some reasonable changes and has explicitly declared the validity of the employment contract. Nevertheless, this has produced also some new issues, especially in the case of conflicts between the employment...
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Master B with the Die from the collection of National Gallery in Prague
Veselá, Markéta ; Zlatohlávek, Martin (advisor) ; Konečný, Lubomír (referee)
The aim of this essay is an assessment of an anonymous engraver's work from the early 16th century whose monogram is a cube with a letter B. The essay is divided into two separate main units. The first enclosed unit includes texts helping us to create a partial picture of the Master's life. There are information dealing with a cultural environment and a technological development of the graphic art in the times of the Master's existence. The second unit is a char- acterization and a detailed analysis of selected pieces of work with an accent on the technologi- cal aspect of the prints. The creation of the Master's B of the Die life story was very difficult considering the lack of the literature. After a thorough search in libraries and on the internet not even one continu- ous text concerning directly this artist has been found. Incomplete information have been found only in collected encyclopaedias about art. For drawing-up at least a short life story accessible information about cultural environment of the then humanistic society have been used which are composed in a separate chapter. The next separate part of a lesser extent is interested in edi- tors co-operating in the Master's B of the Die environment and participating on the production of his graphics. Together with the analysis of the...
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