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Comparison of the labor market in the Czech Republic and Catalonia
Dědová, Markéta ; Brožová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Dudáková, Tereza (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the comparison of the labor market of the Czech Republic and Catalonia. In the introductory part I will present the two countries using comparison of the basic labor market indicators of both countries, where attention is paid to the role of the European Union's and the Eurozone's impact on the labor market in both countries.First, I will focus on the analysis of development of unemployment according to education, where I will pay attencion to the connection between unemployment and educational attainment, which proceeds from the assumption, that with rising qualification the unemployment rate of the group should decline. Then I decided to analyze the labor market with the use of economic instruments, which are using one of the the components of the labor market, unemloyment, as a variable. That is the Okun's Law, the Phillip's curve and the Beveridge's curve, when at created graphs I will confirm or disprove given assumptions. In the final part I will create econometric models to help examine the interdependence of variables and I shall evaluate the validity of the Phillip's curve and the Beveridge's curve.
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What is the Predicative Ability for Unemployment Rate of Different Methodologies for Output Gap Estimation?
Holá, Martina ; Kubíček, Jan (advisor) ; Chytil, Zdeněk (referee)
The submitted diploma thesis is dedicated to the calculation of the estimation of output gap by three estimating techniques (Hodrick-Prescott filter, Kalman filtering, and Cobb-Douglas production function) for the Czech Republic during the years 1995-2009, and, consequently, to their usefulness for testing the Okun's law as a suitable predicative tool. In other words, which of the mentioned methods is the most appropriate one for an accurate prediction of the rate of unemployment. To achieve this, the Box-Jenkins methodology is used for modelling and designing the cyclical unemployment forecasts and dynamic version of the Okun's law. The results indicate that, for the given period, there is relatively strong and unstable relationship between changes in output gap and changes in cyclical unemployment in the Czech Republic. The most suitable technique for the estimating of the future development of unemployment gap seems to be the Cobb-Douglas production function approach. This is namely based on the quantity of gained forecast errors and Granger causality.
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The impact of foreign direct investment on the czech labour market
Víznerová, Erika ; Dočkal, Dalibor (advisor) ; Petrášek, František (referee)
Foreign direct investment has become commonplace in today's globalized world. The Czech Republic attracted foreign investors in the 1990s during the period of transition and has become one of the countries with the highest FDI inflows in Central and Eastern Europe. The inflow of FDI may impact on the economy with a wide range of effects. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to find out what impact FDI has on the labour market in the Czech Republic, and also what motivates investors to make an investment in another country. The first part describes when it is foreign direct investment and its effects on the host economy. It also presents the growth of FDI inflows into the Czech Republic from the last decade of the 20th century. The next part presents the localization factors upon which the investor decides on its investment into a country. The last chapter examines the relationship between the size of FDI in regions and labour market variables on the basis of correlation analysis. Whether the unemployment rate, its annual change and the number of vacancies are dependant on FDI or not.
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Does level of aggressiveness in society influence number of road fatalities in country?
Cvrček, Jakub ; Houdek, Petr (advisor) ; Stejkoza, Josef (referee)
The thesis analyses the relationship between level of aggressiveness in society and number of road fatalities using data from the states of European union from 2004 to 2008. It describes socioeconomic determinants that explain violent behavior in countries and than focuses on individual rate of aggressiveness and rate of aggressiveness in society. Regression analysis is made by fixed effects method after that. The analysis confirms positive relationship between rate of aggressiveness in society (measured by homicide rate and number of housebreaking) and number of road fatalities. Others significant variables were evaluated GDP growth, tax ratio amount, unemployment rate, number of doctors, young people ratio, alcohol consumption, seat belt using and number of passenger-kilometers in country. The mechanism of their effect on road fatalities rate is discussed. Estimated results were used to formulation of recommendation for reduce number of road fatalities.
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Unemployment of graduates in the Zlín region
Dobrá, Simona ; Szabová, Lucia (advisor) ; Durdisová, Jaroslava (referee)
This thesis deals with the unemployment of graduates in the Zlín region, who are ranked among risk groups in the labor market particularly due to lack of experience, which they can dispose. The main target of my work is to evaluate the graduates in the labor market according to education attained and studied apprenticeship. Afterwards there will be considered how above mentioned factors affect the rate of unemployment in the Zlín region. The theoretical part focuses on the basic concepts associated with the labor market, unemployment, employment policy in the Czech republic and discrimination in the labor market. In the practical part there are compared students both in terms of educational attainment and in terms of studied apprenticeship. One chapter is devoted to the results, which will be in from of survey. These questionnaires will be directed to graduates of different schools and their practical contribution to the knowledge of the practice. The final part points to a possible decrease of unemployment, to which industrial zone in Holešov may contribute.
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European social fund and projects financed from ESF in terms of OP RLZ in years 2004-2006 in Vysočina region
Dvořáková, Monika ; Vostrovská, Zdenka (advisor) ; Durdisová, Jaroslava (referee)
The bachelor's thesis deals with European Social Fund that has been constantly investing into one of the most prominent resources - the people. The Czech Republic has been using ESF means since 2004 in order to suppress the unemployment rate. The reason for choosing this particular topic is the fact that the unemployment rate in Vysočina region has been steadily rising since 2008 when Europe was hit by economic crisis. The first projects partially financed from EFS were between 2004 and 2006 when there were four national projects and follow-up projects carried out in Vysočina region. They had different focus and target group. The aim of the thesis is the analysis of financial resources allocated into individual projects as well as the calculation of the cost for each supported person. Moreover it analyzes which target group used the resources in the most effective way. The thesis also attempts to support or reject the hypothesis of wrong allocation of resources which is caused by insufficient short-time prediction regarding the demand for certain professions. The result of this may have been the investment into retraining courses within the projects in which the participants were in fact not interested. It is also essential to analyze if the implementing organs carried out corrective action for the following period. Between 2007 and 2013 there have been 5 projects in Vysočina region under way. None of them has been finished yet and therefore the thesis provides only characteristic and continuous evaluation of the outcome.
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Local currency in Lewes, does it help to reduce the unemployment?
Rybová, Lucie ; Bartoň, Petr (advisor) ; Chytilová, Helena (referee)
This thesis is focused on the research of local currency at Lewes. With regard to the persisting economic crisis and the troubles with high unemployment rates, I asked myself the question whether the Lewes pound could help in fighting unemployment. My research is based on the following idea: The local currency will increase product and services demand at local businesses with positive impact on the employment and unemployment rates. I investigated whether this idea is correct first by means of comparative analysis, where I compared the employment and unemployment rates at Lewes and at Ashford, which is the area that was chosen as the most appropriate one for comparison. Than I used regression and correlation analyses, where I test whether there is dependence between the launch of currency and the employment and unemployment rates. It results from the analyses performed that no dependence of the unemployment and employment rates on the launch of Lewes pound was proved.
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The economic context of disintegration of the Czechoslovak Federation in 1990 - 1992
Hradilová, Petra ; Szobi, Pavel (advisor) ; Tajovský, Ladislav (referee)
My bachelor thesis evaluates the split of the Czech and Slovak Federative Republic, from an economic point of view and is divided into three parts. The first part describes the function of the Czech-Slovak Federation in normalization years 1969 - 1989 and its subsequent disintegration. Bachelor thesis is focused not only on economic and economical development but also on social and political development, because exactly that one was in mentioned years an important determinant of economic development. The main part will analyze the development of Czech-Slovak Federation in 1990 - 1992. I evaluate mainly the complexity of mostly federal coexistence in a pluralistic democracy. I focus on the preparation and introduction of economic reforms, the voucher privatization and its acceptance by each of the different republics. I analyze the different impact of economic reforms on economic development and the main macroeconomic indicators in each of the republics. The last part follows the collapse of the federation and the subsequent necessary changes, such as the question of determining citizenship, issues of property division and the establishment and development of customs and monetary union. I also analyze the nature of cohabitation in Czechoslovakia in 1992. The aim of this work is to point out that the economic disparities between those two republics were not given by economic reform, and to show that these differences had an affect on the division of Czechoslovakia.
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Analysis of labour market Svitavy
Šmerdová, Martina ; Vostrovská, Zdenka (advisor) ; Kotýnková, Magdalena (referee)
This thesis describes the development of unemployment in the district of Svitavy. It is a region with the highest unemployment rate in the Pardubice region and even in the nation-wide scale it is on the lower positions. At the beginning, the work focuses on long-term unemployment because long-term unemployed people are among the most threatened groups on the labour market. It describes their educational structure and the share of women on the whole. The next part of the work focuses on how to address unemployment and describes the active employment policy in the district of Svitavy region and compares its efficiency with the districts of Pardubice Region - Ústí nad Orlicí and Chrudim. At the end of the thesis, with the help of a questionnaire survey, the satisfaction of employers with the supply on the labour market and their participation in active employment policy is detected and based on obtained data a short-term future prediction of development is deduced.
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Does appreciation of the Czech crown lead to growth of the unemployment rate in the Czech Republic?
Svobodová, Lucie ; Mičúch, Marek (advisor) ; Lahvička, Jiří (referee)
The paper investigates the impact of changes in the exchange rate of the Czech crown against the Euro on the rate of unemployment in the Czech Republic. The survey is using time series from 2000 to 2010 and there are used two models. A brief theoretical framework discusses several papers on this topic. The results of empirical testing confirm the hypothesis of the work. Appreciation of the Czech crown against the Euro by 1 crown causes an increase in the unemployment rate by 0.028% and by 0.023% with inclusion of average real wage into the model. Moreover German GDP, Czech import, labour productivity and average real wage have statistically significant effect (at least on the 10% significance level) on the growth of unemployment.
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