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Hodnocení genetických zdrojů českých původů vojtěšky seté (Medicago sativa L.)
Knotová, Daniela
In 2009 the field experiments with the Czech varieties of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) were established on the two experiment areas. The evaluation took place in 2010 and 2011 in the small plots and in the individual outplanting. The size one plot was 10 m2. The main objective was to determine the similarities in the Czech collection. The morphological, yields, and biological traits were evaluated. The same varieties were evaluated using SSR markers. The Clusters analyses with the morphological and yields traits divided the set of alfalfas to the two groups and individual group with only one variety Palava. The Cluster analyse created with SSR markers divided the set also to the two groups and individual group with Jitka variety. The result of the both analyses was the similarity between Morava and Niva. In addition the intra-varietal variability was evaluated. A low intra-varietal variability was found out in cultivars Jarka, Holyna and Morava. On the other hand, however, the cultivar 'Litava' showed a high degree of imbalance. Using the correlation coefficients were found the close relationships between the characters, a direct correlation between the traits "the length of the stem" and "the number of the pods in the inflorescence". The absolute independence was found between "the length of the inflorescence" and "the number of pods per 100 flowers".
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Vplyv vybraných faktorov na kvalitu škôlkarskej produkcie
Burgová, Jana
In the years 2008 - 2010 was realized trials with goal to influence the properties of the growing medium so, as the internal and external quality model plant (Viburnum opulus L.) grown in containers was significant increase. The whole of experiment was annually divided into equally two blocks, with different irrigation rates, which were also observed micro--climatic parameters both irrigation regimes. Was studied as well the influence of addition of soil conditioners on the properties of the growing medium. External quality of grown plants was assessed on the basis of morphological parameters (plant height, number of shoots, root collar diameter, dry matter of above-ground and root zone of plants and visual assessment of the root system) and internal quality based on the evaluation of physiological parameters (stomatal conductivity, chlorophyll fluorescence and chlorophyll content in the leaves). From the soil conditioners was investigated the impact of three commercially available agents with different composition and mode of action. It was a Hydrogel, TerraCottem and Agrosil LR. The properties of the growing medium, was affected by soil conditioners additive into the growing medium (peat--bark medium RKS II), but not enough for increase the quantitative parameters of cultivated plants, even the selected parameters in comparison with the control variant in both irrigation regimes were positively influenced, in order Hydrogel, Agrosil LR and TerraCottem
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The influence of stand management to production and qualitative characteristics of maize for forage and alternative uses of biomass
Vrabcová, Zuzana ; Šantrůček, Jaromír (advisor)
In years 2014 and 2015 on the experimental plots of the Czech University of Life Sciences and in Prague and Cerveny Ujezd was observed the influence of row spacing and plant density on morphological and production parameters of silage maize. Two years results show that greater influence had plant density than row spacing. At both sites were significantly affected by row spacing dry matter yield and leaf assimilation area.
Plant density affected on both sites weight of plant and leaf assimilation area. For biogas production the biggest impact had plants part, resp. cobs. Finally, year and habitats had very important influence on the monitored parameters.
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The effect of biologicaly active substances on the structure and properties of collagenous substrates
Muchová, Johana ; Michlovská, Lenka (referee) ; Vojtová, Lucy (advisor)
Diplomová práce se zabývá přípravou 3D porézních kolagenových skafoldů metodou lyofilizace a jejich modifikací bioaktivními látkami. K modifikaci byly použity přírodní polysacharidy – chitosan, vápenatá oxidovaná celulóza a chitin/chitosan-glukanový komplex. Mechanické vlastnosti skafoldů byly upraveny síťováním pomocí karbodiimidů. Růstové faktory byly dodány formou destičkového lyzátu. Byl zkoumán vliv biologicky aktivních aditiv, siťovacího činidla a obohacení růstovými faktory na vlastnosti připravených skaffoldů a jejich bioaktivitu v tkáních živých organismů. Konkrétně byly studovány morfologické vlastnosti, struktura, porozita, botnání, stabilita, chemické složení, teplota denaturace a biologické vlastnosti. K charakterizaci byly použity metody rastrovací elektronová mikroskopie, infračervená spektroskopie, diferenční kompenzační kalorimetrie a konfokální mikroskop. Připravené kolagenové substráty obohaceny bioaktivním aditivem a destičkovým lyzátem mohou být využity v biomedicíně jako skafoldy pro růst buněk v systémech s nízkou mechanickou zátěží.
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Population differentiation of Ochrophytes
Mensová, Anna ; Jurdíková, Katarína (advisor) ; Kulichová, Jana (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with a differentiation of populations of Ochrophytes (photosynthetic Stramenopiles). Natural populations can differ in many aspects and their differentiation is observed on several levels. Ecophysiological and morphological differences are very often caused by phenotypic plasticity, which is a flexible answer to changing conditions of habitats. Genetic differentiation could express an adaptation to the local environmental conditions. The adaptation and a long-term isolation of populations are considered to be the leading factors in genetic differentiation. The other factors contributing to genetic differentiation are random evolutionary events such as founder effect or genetic drift. Detailed studies of populations lead to uncover the factors that cause the differentiation of populations as well as they contribute to the understanding of speciation mechanisms. The thesis compiled the information about different types of variability among populations within the classes of Ochrophytes.
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Human biological variation in the light of certain morphological and molecular biological traits.
Kujanová, Martina ; Černý, Viktor (advisor) ; Sládek, Vladimír (referee) ; Munclinger, Pavel (referee)
This doctoral thesis is submitted in the form of science publications with impact factor and presents human biological variation in two different ways. The first part is the study of phenotype variation focused on the degree of limb bones bilateral asymmetry. Besides genetic and hormonal factors asymmetry may develop as a response to biomechanical and to environmental factors influencing the individual/population. Therefore this trait can be considered as a measure of person's living conditions, health or environmental stress of different origin or exa- mine the effects of behavioral distinctions as sexual division of labor and diffe- rences in subsistence strategy. The submitted publication (Kujanová et al., 2008) is based on samples of two diachronic populations (medieval and recent) from Bohe- mia with different expected levels of health/environmental stress. The study is fo- cused especially on these aspects that may be indicative of various stresses, such as malnutrition or other nonspecific factors influencing health of persons living in the studied populations. According to the results we propose that bilateral asymmetry observed in the diachronic populations showed some differences supporting the theory that the medieval population was not subjected to as highly stressful condi- tions as the...
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Design of the multipurpose small water reservoir
Galuška, Martin ; Hyánková, Eva (referee) ; Doležal, Petr (advisor)
Thesis develops a simplified design of water management and construction solution in the area of Bezmerov. In the theoretical part basic functional objects are briefly described. Work itself is based on evaluation of landscape morphology from delivered countour lines and geological analysis and following design solution for dry retention water reservoir. For drawing part will be used programs PowerCivil – in which will be created direction solution for body of the dam, flooded area and their cross-sections and horizontal cuts. These will be further processed in program AutoCAD. Retention effects will be reviewed with program HEC-HMS. Design of objects for the water reservoir will be followed with hydrotechnical calculations, drawings and descriptions.
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Telemetry of the Long eared owl (Asio otus) in the wintering place in Kladno
Kolomazníková, Jana ; Řezníček, Jan (advisor) ; Hanel, Lubomír (referee)
23/6/2011 Kosterní zbytky v potravě kalouse ušatého 7 jako ukazatele populačních změn drobných savců 1.2 Abstrakt v anglickém jazyce The diploma thesis is called Skeletal Remnants in Diet of Long-eared Owl Asio otus (Linnaeus, 1758) as The Indicators of Fluctuation in Size of Population of Small Mammals in Wintering Place in Kladno-Kročehlavy. The thesis deals with oversight of Long-eared Owl in his wintering site, analysis of his diet, and estimation of population changes in the diet of small vertebrate. It also consists of the estimation of changes in gender of small mammals and in the content of his diet, and of studies morphological traits done on pelvises of males and females of common vole. As part of didactic section there were laboratory exercises completed. The focus was on the analyses of pellets and the assignment of small vertebrates in the diet of Long-eared Owl. The main monitoring was completed in the period of autumn 2009 till the end of winter 2010. The results showed significant changes in the population of small mammals included in the diet of Long-eared Owl could bring new knowledge about population dynamics of small mammals. Another part of monitoring of population of Long-eared Owl was also tramping and ringing. Most of the materials used for this analysis of the diet came from the...
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Biological activity of plant metabolites II. Screening of alkaloid plants on human cholinesterases inhibition
Suchánková, Petra ; Opletal, Lubomír (advisor) ; Siatka, Tomáš (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology Candidate: Mgr. Petra Suchánková Consultant: Doc. RNDr. Lubomír Opletal, CSc. Title of Rigorous Thesis: Biological activity of plant metabolites II. Screening of alkaloid plants on human cholinesterases inhibition. The extracts of selected plants, which were expected to have an effect on brain tissue metabolism, were subjected to the screening of their biological activity. Summary ethanol (S) and ethylacetate (B) extracts were prepared by suitable method from various morphological parts of plants: Argemone ochroleuca Sweet (root), Argemone platyceras Link et Otto (root), Argemone grandiflora Sweet (root), Corydalis cava (L.) Schweigg. et Koerte (herb), Fumaria officinalis L. (herb), Papaver argemone L. (herb without fruits), Papaver argemone L. (capsules), Papaver rhoeas L. (capsules), Papaver rhoeas L. (flower), Papaver rhoeas L. (flower + herb). The process was based on the extraction of dry material by 95% ethanol, evaporation (S), and subsequent solution of the extracts (S) in diluted HCl, filtration, alkalization on pH 9-10,5 and extraction of alkaloid bases by ethylacetate (B). Both types of extracts were subjected to the determination of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and...
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Extent and morphological effects of quaternary glaciation in the northernslope of the Jizera Mts.
Černá, Barbora ; Engel, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Balatka, Břetislav (referee) ; Tyráček, Jaroslav (referee)
UNIVERZITA KARLOVA V PRAZE PŘÍRODOVĚDECKÁ FAKULTA Katedra fyzické geografie a geoekologie Rozsah a morfologické účinky kvartérního zalednění v severním svahu Jizerských hor Extent and morphological effects of quaternary glaciation in the northern slope of the Jizera Mts. doktorská disertační práce - souhrn PhD. thesis - summary Mgr. Barbora Černá (roz. Janásková) ledovce. Stáří sedimentů ze dna Rybích louček vypovídá o tom, že ledovec podlehl deglaciaci již na sklonku pleistocénu. The PhD thesis deals with paleogeographic reconstruction of glaciation in the Jizera Mts. The research was focused on issues, which were not satisfactorily solved yet: the continental glaciation extent, effects of the glacier impact on the recent relief morphology and a possibility of mountain glaciation. During the investigation additional questions about the method of Schmidt hammer measurements arose and were treated in a separate methodological study. The aims of the research are: - to delimit the maximum altitudinal extent of the continental glaciation - to determine the influence of the quaternary glaciations on relief and identify its geomorphological and sedimentary evidence - to contribute to resolve the issue of mountain glaciation in the Jizera Mts. The present work consists of six articles that were published in...
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