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Role of oxidative stress in cardioprotection induced by exercise.
Kyclerová, Eva ; Nováková, Olga (advisor) ; Kašparová, Dita (referee)
Cardiovascular diseases are the major cause of death in developed countries. It is known that heart muscle can activates endogenous protective pathways in response to stress, thereby increasing resistance against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Protective pathways involve many signaling molecules and reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role among them. ROS are applied in cardioprotection induced by various stimuli, such as chronic hypoxia, preconditioning and also physical exercise. It has been demonstrated that regular physical exercise naturally leads to the positive adaptation to protect heart against injury. The balance between production of ROS and their removal by antioxidant protection system is important for the right functioning of the heart. The overproduction of ROS occurs in pathological conditions such as an I/R leading to oxidative stress contributing to subsequent damage of heart. ROS may contribute not only to the injury but in the mild concentrations, resulting for example from physical exercise, ROS are important signaling molecules involved in series of events leading to cardioprotection. Slightly increased oxidative stress protects the heart by increasing the capacity of antioxidant system, stimulates angiogenesis, activates mitochondrial biogenesis and physiological...
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Principles of nutrition for leisure physical activity
Huml, David ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Skalská, Marie (referee)
Title Principles of nutrition for leisure physical activities Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine how the students of Charles University compliance diet and whether they comply with the principles of good nutrition for leisure activities. The operational objective was also to their assess knowledge in a knowledge test, which was part of the research. Methods: In this work, a quantitative method was used. Obtain the necessary information has been compiled questionnaire was divided into four parts and focused on principles of good nutrition. The group of respondents consisted of 215 students from Charles University, which was established premise that deal with leisure activities. Collected data were processed and interpreted using the statistic characteristics and for better clarity were graphically depicted. Results: It was found that students under the age of 35 years, which took part in the research, have a good theoretical knowledge of the principles of healthy nutrition. However, in a practical sense some nutrition principles are not respected.The main shortcomings may include that more than half of the students had never thought about what the majority composition should have a diet which they should have been accepted after the physical stress, as well as the inclusion of...
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Movement aktivity of preschool children together with their parents
Habartová, Hana ; Hrabinec, Jiří (advisor) ; Kuhnová, Věra (referee)
In this survey I wanted to find out to what extent are parents of preschool children informed about the importance of physical activity for their child and whether and how they support it. I also wanted to find out whether they know of possibilities of organized exercises for this age group and what they think and how they react to Cvičení rodičů s dětmi (organized collective Exercises of Parents and Their Children). The topic of the paper is "Physical Activity of Preschool Children together with Their Parents". It deals with the importance of physical exercise since early childhood. If done by playing and together with parents, physical exercise is associated with pleasing experience and children do it joyfully. Naturalness and enthusiasm of the children can positively influence their parents who, even if they had not done any sport before, can share it with them during common exercises. In the theory part of the paper I accentuate the importance of free time activities, ways people can spend free time, various kinds of exercises, basic characteristics of a toddler and a preschool child and appropriate physical activities and collective exercises of children and parents. The survey - in the form of a quantitative anonymous questionnaire - aimed at both parents of preschool children who attended...
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Physiotherapy in Ankylosing spondylitis
Hrůzová, Lenka ; Savková, Pavlína (advisor) ; Hamarová, Zuzana (referee)
Written by: Lenka Hrůzová Institution: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine at the Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové Title: Physiotherapy in Ankylosing Spondylitis Consultant: Mgr. Pavlína Savková Number of pages: 126 Number of insets: 3 Year of defence: 2013 Key words: Bekhterev's disease, ankylosing spondylitis, physiotherapy, kinesiotherapy, physical therapy The present bachelor's thesis deals with Bekhterev's disease, also called ankylosing spondylitis. The theoretical part describes the disorder, its epidemiology, aetiology, pathologic anatomy, classification, clinical picture and possible complications. It also deals with classification criteria and assessment scales - tools, which have been nowadays frequently used for assessing the disorder. The work describes diagnostic methods and an overview of treatments containing physiotherapeutic interventions which can be used to help treat the condition. The practical part presents two case histories, the purpose of which is to test the existing physiotherapeutic procedures and methods designed for people with different stages of ankylosing spondylitis by means of thorough kinesiological examination. The core of the thesis is the testing of home exercises adhering to prescribed routines, with the emphasis on correctness being controlled by a...
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Construction of the parts for a sports ground
Holub, Dominik ; Mouralová, Kateřina (referee) ; Kalivoda, Milan (advisor)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the construction desing of workout park specialized for exercises with own body weight. It consists of a several solutions of workout park. One of this solution is developed according to functionality and materials. Finally, some results of these solutions are comparated and evaluated to choose the best one by expenses.
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Nutrition for recreation athletes
Huml, David ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Malá, Lucia (referee)
Title Nutrition for recreation atlethes The aim of bachelor thesis: The main objection of this bachelor thesis is a summary of the available facts about nutrition. The aim of the work is oriented for nutrition problems of people who don't make their living by doing sport, nor are top-level sportsmen, though practice a sport for their good sense and mental boundaries to maintain a permanent physical condition. The main goal is to earmark some principles and possibilities of using various means of nutrition for better reaping sports performance and results. Methods: In order to achieve the most objective results and objectives of this thesis, I selected the appropriate method of research of corresponding literature, mainly based on the collection, sorting and evaluating relevant information. Keywords: nutrition, exercise, health, physical activity, lifestyle
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Muscle dysbalancies and oportunity their correction
Křivohlávek, Jakub ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Hráský, Pavel (referee)
Title: The muscular unbalance and the opportunity of their correction Goals: To create the summary of the muscular unbalance and the proceeding disorder of the postural system and the current methods of their reduction. To form the set of the exercises intended for the wide number of population to lead to the correction of the muscular unbalance and to the improvement of the conditions of the motion system. Method: The analysis of the literary resources and their comparison Results: Muscular unbalance is divided into three basic areas that they have fundamental influence on the poor posture. We evaluate the posture and the condition of the muscular tension and the strength as the methods of discovering of the condition of the motion system. To improve this condition we use the methods concerning the equalization of the muscular unbalance. We have found that the improvement is only possible when the set of the exercises contains the stretching and strengthening exercises supplemented with the breathing exercises and with the practice of the proper motion stereotypes. Key words: posture, motion system, exercise, stretching, strengthening
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Skiing instruction pre-school children
Petrová, Daniela ; Hronzová, Marie (advisor) ; Černý, Martin (referee)
The thesis is divided into two main parts, theoretical and practical. It deals with the solution to assess the level of physical skills combined with preschool children, as a higher level of organized skiing helps training organized by kindergarten and what effect this can have skiing skills training on cognitive abilities and social side of the child's personality. The first section contains theoretical information drawn from the bibliographic sources of pedagogy, psychology, antropomotoriky, physical education and sport. Proceeds from the general content of the first chapter of her kindergarten educational concepts of the system, organizational forms of physical education and movement preschool child. It is followed by the second chapter a more specific topic for skiing children. Based on the development of motor skills through learning to its evaluation of motor skills on skis. Linkages between individual chapters see you in finding criteria for assessing the level of motor skills, cognitive skills and socialization in FEP PE curriculum. The practical part describes the action research group involved in preschool children with processed results of a detailed assessment of the level of motor skills on skis. At each level of subchapters is compared to skiing skills between age and sex of children,...
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