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Interpretation of electrocardiograms in the resuscitation department and in emergency pre hospital care
Vanča, Michal ; Jirkovský, Daniel (advisor) ; Hocková, Jana (referee)
(v AJ) 1) introduction - introduction to the problem The diploma thesis on the interpretation of electrocardiograms by nurses and paramedics in the resuscitation department and in urgent pre-hospital care includes a theoretical summary of ECG pathologies, as well as addresses the issue of correct interpretation of electrocardiograms in relation to gender, age, workplace experience, and suggestions for improvement. 2) goal formulation, methodology The goal of the diploma thesis was to map the level of knowledge in interpreting electrocardiograms by nurses and paramedics in the resuscitation department and in urgent pre hospital care, depending on age, gender, length of experience, and job placement, with a focus on ECG interpretation. For the empirical part of the thesis, which deals with answering predetermined goals, a quantitative research method was chosen, conducted in the resuscitation department and emergency medical services. Data collection was carried out through a questionnaire survey using a self-constructed questionnaire. The survey focused on the theoretical knowledge of ECG interpretation by nurses and paramedics. 3) main results It was found that orientation in basic ECG pathologies did not pose significant difficulties for respondents, while for more difficult interpretations, the...
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Synthesis and evaluation of benzoxaborole derivatives as potential antimicrobial compounds
Needle, Adam Anthony ; Kučerová, Marta (advisor) ; Demuth, Jiří (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis Student: Adam Anthony Needle Supervisor: PharmDr. Marta Kučerová, Ph.D. Consultant: PharmDr. Petr Šlechta Title of diploma thesis: Synthesis and Evaluation of Benzoxaborole Derivatives as Potential Antimicrobial Compounds It has been revealed, that benzoxaborole moiety can exert OBORT (oxaborole tRNA trapping) mechanism leading to protein synthesis cessation in microorganisms. This work focused on the synthesis and primary in vitro evaluation of N-(1-hydroxy-1,3-dihydrobenzo[c][1,2]oxaborol- 6-yl)(hetero)aryl-2-carboxamide series. The compounds were prepared by reaction between activated (hetero)aryl carboxylic acid and 6-amino group of benzoxaborole moiety via amidic bond formation. Ten compounds were successfully prepared and tested in vitro against clinically important strains of bacteria, fungi and mycobacteria. Noticeable activity against several mycobacterial strains was revealed and the human cell cytotoxicity screening showed low toxicity. This outcome could originate in differences between active sites of human and mycobacterial target enzyme. This series of substances showed selective antimycobacterial properties and may streamline the search for novel...
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(Non-)use of textbook in the geography lessons at lower secondary education.
Faltisová, Kateřina ; Hanus, Martin (advisor) ; Marada, Miroslav (referee)
This master's thesis addresses the issue of using geography textbooks by Czech teachers at the lower secondary education level. The uniqueness of this work lies in its focus on the specific aspects of teachers' approaches to textbooks, a topic that has not been explored in the Czech educational context. Given the variety of possibilities for working with textbooks, the main goal of this work is to identify the key features of textbooks that lead to teachers' decisions not to use them. One of the subsidiary goals is to perform an analysis of geographical topics in relation to the extent of textbook use in teaching. To fulfill these goals, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 geography teachers at the lower secondary education level. The interview scenario was based on the professional literature directly related to the topic. All interviews were subsequently transcribed and open coding of respondents' answers was conducted. The card sorting method was incorporated into the interviews, through which the most important functions and selection criteria for textbooks were evaluated by statistical methods. Subsequent analysis found that the method and extent of textbook use depend on the teacher's concept of teaching. It emerged that teachers consider the ability to present information to be...
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Possibilities of using elements of Waldorf and Montessori pedagogy in the teaching of geography in current schools
Frančíková, Barbora ; Matějček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Jelen, Jakub (referee)
The bachelor thesis examines which elements of Waldorf and Montessori pedagogy geography teachers utilize in their teaching at mainstream schools and further identifies potential barriers to the utilization of these elements. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part is first devoted to the definition of the alternative school. It briefly discusses the origin and development of alternative schools, their characteristics, functions and typologies. This section also includes information on two selected types of alternative schools - Waldorf and Montessori. Attention is paid to the characteristics of the main features of these schools, their development, expansion and the organisation of teaching. The main elements and principles that could bring enrichment to traditional geography teaching are described. In the practical part, an investigation is carried out using the method of semi-structured interviews with selected teachers. The information gathered is analysed to identify the barriers to the inclusion of Waldorf and Montessori elements in geography teaching in mainstream schools, as well as the elements used by teachers. Keywords: Waldorf, Montessori, alternative school, traditional school, geographic education, integration of alternative elements
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Contact Precautions in Nursing Care in Patients with Infectious Diseases in a Medical Ward
Vanclová, Barbora ; Trojánek, Milan (advisor) ; Neugebauer, Jan (referee)
Bachelor thesis titled "Barrier Nursing Regime in patients with infectious diseases in standard bed ward" delves into the knowledge of non-medical healthcare personnel in the issue of barrier nursing care and barrier isolation regimes, their subsequent application in practice on individual standard wards, and possible ways to increase the motivation of this personnel to adhere to barrier measures. Aims: The aim of this study is to determine whether healthcare personnel adhere to barrier measures when caring for patients with infectious diseases and to assess their knowledge in this area, eventually, reasons for not adhering to these measures and explore potential motivations for adherence. Methods: The research was conducted using a questionnaire survey, which was carried out in 4 hospitals, namely in MMN a.s., Regional Hospital Jičín a.s., Regional Hospital Trutnov a.s., and Regional Hospital Náchod a.s. The questionnaire comprised a total of 23 questions, including 6 open-ended questions and 17 multiple-choice questions. A total of 69 respondents completed the questionnaire. Results: After statistical analysis of the data, it was found that the knowledge of non- medical healthcare personnel in this area is not entirely satisfactory, which often leads to incorrect utilization of barrier regimes....
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Status of LGBT people in selected Central European countries
Eckhardt, Kryštof ; Jelen, Libor (advisor) ; Šerý, Ondřej (referee)
This thesis analyses the status of LGBTQ people in selected Central European countries through a discursive analysis of selected media and legislative sources. The thesis examines the development of the legal status of LGBTQ people in each state, and it also addresses the question of the impact of the phantom Iron Curtain border on the situation of LGBTQ people in each state. Through the research conducted, it has been found that in the last ten years there has been both an improvement and a deterioration in the legal status of LGBTQ people in Central Europe. Between 2014 and 2024, same-sex marriage was introduced in Germany, Austria and Slovenia, and the Czech Parliament adopted an amendment to the Civil Code in 2024, which will introduce same-sex partnerships on 1 January 2025, guaranteeing more rights for same-sex couples, including, in part, parental rights. The introduction of a similar registered partnership is expected in Poland after the change of government. Hungary is a country that has pursued a highly restrictive policy towards LGBTQ people over the past decade. The situation in Slovakia continued to deteriorate after the terrorist attack in Bratislava. Furthermore, the phantom border of the former Iron Curtain has been found to have enormous discursive power on the issue of LGBTQ...
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Torque teno virus - a marker of immune function
Řídel, Martin ; Saláková, Martina (advisor) ; Horníková, Lenka (referee)
Anelloviruses are a viral family of small, uncoated viruses with single-stranded DNA genome, in which Torque teno virus belongs. Torque teno virus is highly prevalent in human population and its prevalence is expected to be 100 %. To date, its patogenity has not been confirmed and more, it was discovered that the viral load reflects the immune status. Considering its high prevalence without causing any pathogenity, it is possible its use in clinical practice in monitoring the immunocompetence of patients with transplanted organs but also in patients with chronic viral infections (eg. HIV or HCV) or autoimmune disorders. Thus, Torque teno virus could provide an easy and alternative option for assesing immune status and help monitoring patient's status. Key words: Torque teno virus, immune system, biomarker, viral load
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The effect of sleep on the psychological functions of adolescents
Kaňková, Zuzana ; Nekovářová, Tereza (advisor) ; Blahna, Karel (referee)
The quality of sleep is one of the main factors for the homeostasis of the body, the functioning of the brain and therefore the psychological functions of the individual. Sleep undergoes various changes during life. Significant sleep changes can be observed in adolescents. During this developmental period, there is a shift in circadian preferences towards a later chronotype, which is often in conflict with the demands of functioning in everyday life (for example waking up to school). Because of that this group is highly vulnerable to chronic sleep restriction and associated sleep deprivation, which can lead to many pathologies. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of partial sleep deprivation on cognitive function and emotional regulation in adolescents. The study involved 59 adolescents aged 14 to 21 years, 30 of them were exposed to partial sleep deprivation (4 hours/night) and 29 of them slept normally (8 ± 1 hours/night). The day after instructed sleep/sleep deprivation, participants completed an experimental battery of cognitive tests. The study found that adolescents after one night of partial sleep deprivation showed greater levels of subjective sleepiness than their peers after a night of normal sleep. This effect of sleep deprivation was stronger in girls than in boys. Also...
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Analysis of students' errors when creating a map of an ideal island
Čornyjová, Veronika ; Krajňáková, Lenka (advisor) ; Bernhäuserová, Veronika (referee)
This thesis aims to identify the most common errors of pre-service geography teachers when making a map of an ideal island, which is one of the assignments in the compulsory course entitled Cartography (for teachers). The theoretical part of the thesis presents current findings about map-making skills with a focus on university students and describes the main principles of map creation. Followingly, the thesis characterizes various methods for map evaluation with a focus on criterion evaluation. Within this chapter, previous relevant studies are presented as well. The empirical part focuses on process and the results of the analysis of map of an ideal island that were created by the students in the academic year 2021/2022. A total of 221 maps was evaluated. For clarity, the evaluation criteria were divided into four groups (Topographic background, Thematic content, Other compositional elements, Labelling and others). The results showed that the total frequency of errors decreases with every attempt and the most problematic criteria are evenly distributed in all four groups. Moreover, it was found that students' knowledge of maps, map-making skills, and art skills might influence the final map quality. Keywords ideal island, map making, pre-service teachers training, map evaluation, criterion...
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Communication strategies in managing an aggressive patient
Štefek, Jiří ; Tomová, Šárka (advisor) ; Raudenská, Jaroslava (referee)
The bachelor thesis on the topic "Communication strategies in coping with an aggressive patient" focuses on the issue of patient aggression in emergency departments. In the theoretical part, there is an excursion into the issue, which generally deals with the causes of aggression and the role of communication in solving and preventing aggression. The empirical part is devoted to the evaluation of data obtained in the form of a non-standardized questionnaire on a sample of 102 respondents from five hospital facilities. The evaluation found that 96% of all respondents encounter a manifestation of aggression, with verbal aggression predominating, but a high proportion of brachial aggression was also found. Brachial aggression is reported by 78% of respondents. The most common target of aggression is nursing staff. The most common cause of aggression was clearly identified as intoxication of the patient, where alcohol was the riskiest substance. The results revealed several interesting findings, especially the declining sense of self-confidence to handle a physically aggressive patient with increasing age of the respondents. Furthermore, the results indicated a higher interest of the survey participants in mandatory training in communication with an aggressive patient. The thesis also includes...
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