|
Remediation of former In-Situ uranium mining region.
Kříž, Jakub ; Kalous, Jaroslav (referee) ; Jícha, Jaroslav (advisor)
Remediation process of region, formally exploited for chemical leaching of uranium, is based on pumping water contaminated mostly by residuals of sulfuric acid from the relevant geological horizons. The contaminated water is then treated in a chemical plant. In the treatment process evaporators play the key role. Presently operating evaporators – three units – are of falling film type. Heating service is provided by compressed vapor that is generated by evaporators. For driving the compressors and associated circulating pumps of each unit electric power of 3,4 MW is required. In the evaporators treated solution is distributed into individual tubes by nozzles of cyclone type that are mounted at the top end of tubes. In the evaporators feed solution contains calcium sulfide of low concentration. Once the calcium sulfide concentration in the evaporating process reaches the state of saturation, even locally, fouling is initiated. Thus the solids start to grow on the inner surface of the tube wall and the nozzle’s openings become restricted. The evaporator performance – evaporating rate – gradually declines and when it reaches the bottom limit the evaporator has to be shut down. This is followed by carrying out the cleaning procedure. At the time when the evaporators started operating (1996) the period between shut downs lasted around a half a year. However, gradually, this period has become substantially shorter – presently it may even last one week only. The thesis proposes two ways of approaching the present hardly acceptable state. First, replacement of distributing nozzles by a set of properly perforated sieve trays secures the uniform distribution of solution into each individual tube. Second, evaporators’ duty will be taken over by newly build multi-flash concentrator that will substitute the presently operating evaporators. Configuration of this new equipment is derived from widely used multi-flash distillation of sea water. Heat required by the concentrator’s end heaters is drawn from a gas turbine exhaust gas. Steam provided by Heat Recovery Steam Generator is supplied to the condensing heat exchangers installed on the evaporator’s feed stream. Generator coupled to the gas turbine, fueled by natural gas, provides the electric power of 30 MW for export.
|
|
Fractional differential equations and their applications
Kisela, Tomáš ; Tomášek, Petr (referee) ; Čermák, Jan (advisor)
Zlomkový kalkulus je matematická disciplína zabývající se vlastnostmi derivací a integrálů neceločíselných řádů (nazývaných zlomkové derivace a integrály, zkráceně diferintegrály) a metodami řešení diferenciálních rovnic obsahujících zlomkové derivace neznámé funkce (tzv. zlomkovými diferenciálními rovnicemi). V této práci představujeme standardní přístupy k definicím zlomkového kalkulu a důkazy některých základních vlastností diferintegrálů. Dále uvádíme krátký přehled metod řešení některých lineárních zlomkových diferenciálních rovnic a vymezujeme hranice jejich použitelnosti. Na závěr si všímáme některých fyzikálních aplikací zlomkového kalkulu.
|
| |
|
Nursing care for patients suffered from diabetes mellitus, with severe eye disorder, being cured with insulin pumps
NOVÁKOVÁ, Kateřina
The reason why the issue of diabetes mellitus is a frequent topic is that diabetes is ranked among the most frequent diseases of infant as well as adult age. Diabetes has been accompanying the mankind for several centuries and the long-term research into diabetes treatment has brought substantial changes in recent years. From the original treatment, which our grand-parents still remember, by means of metal needles and metal syringes via disposable syringes with integrated needles, treatment with insulin pens, an insulin pump is becoming a great revolution in diabetes treatment. More and more diabetics are being converted to the insulin pump treatment and it is becoming a routine work of diabetologic nurses. Diabetologic nurses are those who are responsible for mastering the specifics of nursing care about diabetics during education in conversion to the insulin pump treatment. The late diabetes complication ? diabetic retinopathy is one of the most frequent indications for introduction of insulin pump treatment. The visual impairment caused by diabetic retinopathy means remarkable limitation for a diabetic in activities that might be a problem for a person without visual deficit. This is why these problems inspired me to elaboration of my Bachelor Thesis called ?Nursing care about patients with diabetes mellitus with heavy visual impairment, treated by insulin pump?. The theoretical part deals with the diabetes mellitus disease in general. It briefly summarizes definitions and the disease history, causes of occurrence and clinical picture of diabetes with complications. It also focuses on diabetes treatment. We are detailing the problems of diabetic retinopathy, visual impairment, insulin pump treatment and the specific of nursing care linked to the insulin pump treatment. The practical part is aimed at selected targets and research questions. The research sample consists of six respondents, diabetics with heavy visual impairment treated by insulin pump. Deep semi-standardized interviews were conducted with the respondents, extended by observation of the respondents during mastering the insulin pump operation. Sets of questions relating to the selected targets and research questions were prepared for all the respondents. The interviews were elaborated into case reports the research data into the output tables. Observation of the respondents during mastering the insulin pump operation was recorded into a prepared observation sheet. The output data were used for drawing conclusions and elaboration of recommendation for diabetologic nurses for providing nursing care to diabetics with heavy visual impairment, treated by insulin pump. The conclusion of the thesis summarizes the data obtained from interviews with the respondents and observation of the respondents during mastering the insulin pump operation and recommendation of possible procedures in problems arisen in providing nursing care to diabetics with heavy visual impairment, treated by insulin pump. This Bachelor Thesis may be applied as educational material for future medical staff ? students of secondary schools, higher professional schools and colleges focused on health care. It may also be used as study material for improvement of awareness among general nurses working not only in hospitals, but also external nurses from home care agencies at public seminars for general nurses.
|
|
Economic and social aspects of overindebtedness of households in Czech Republic after 2000
Švec, František ; Jílek, Josef (advisor) ; Řežábek, Pavel (referee)
The thesis deals with the issue of excessive debt of households. In the first part the analysis of development of indebtedness of households was made and it was found out, that consumer loans are the most risky. Consumer loans are associated with the highest ratio of defaulting loans and are the leading cause of bankruptcies of individuals in the Czech Republic. The following chapter analyzes institutional environment of credit market and detects current weaknesses. These weaknesses consist in insufficient oversight of nonbank provider of consumer loans, absence of upper limit of annual percentage rate for consumer credit and credit availability to risk groups of households. Another cause of overindebtedness of households is insufficient financial literacy in Czech Republic. The reduced consumption has been identified as the most significant impact of overindebtedness of households. It is caused by transferring funds from households with a higher propensity to consume to households with a lower propensity to consume. Lower household consumption leads also to lower government revenue collected through the value added tax. Another economic impact we can see for example in increasing poverty of households, increasing criminality, higher government spending on health care or potential political radicalization. The thesis results are proposals of legislative measures that would mitigate the economic impact of overindebtedness of households. These measures lie primarily in the regulation of consumer credit market and greater consumer protection. The specific options are an extension of supervision by the Czech National Bank on nonbank providers of consumer loans, determining the upper limit of annual percentage rate, more thorough application of the legal obligation to examine the ability of borrowers to repay loans. Another option is to reduce the limit of 30 % of paid-up commitments in insolvency law.
|
|
Pain management in the first stage of labour
Karešová, Radomíra ; Mareš, Jiří (advisor) ; Hodačová, Lenka (referee) ; Rychterová, Veronika (referee)
The Bachelor theses deals with a problem of managing of pain in the first period of delivery.It shows possibilities of non pharmacological methods of analgesia for delivery.The emphasize is in educated work of a midwife in process of taking advantage of non pharmacological methods for reducing pains. The empiric basis of the theses lies in evaluating survey through questionnaires which deal found out with the help of questionnaires FPO-III-CZ.The results of examinations I compared with statistical samples CSU and with experience which I obtained during the period of my practical training. It is known that age limit of first woman in labour is going up.They have an average fear from pain and prefer non pharmacological methods of analgesia.Some methods of dealing with labour pain were not offered them by medical staff. The surveyed sample comprises 100 women who gave birth in 3 eastern Bohemian maternity hospitals.
|
|
The Synods in Bohemia from 1440 to 1540. Transformations of synodal praxis in Bohemia in the context of developement of synodality in the Late-medieval Europe
Zilynská, Blanka ; Šmahel, František (advisor) ; Hledíková, Zdenka (referee) ; Čornej, Petr (referee)
The dissertation thesis takes up the paper dealing with the synods of Hussite clergy in Bohemia from 1418 to 1440. This book consisted of list of sources and literature about synods held in that period, analysis of some texts and appreciation of the role of synods in the Hussite Church administration including their ideological acting. Starting from the final turning point of that paper (1440), I followed up with the research and interpretation of the topic. The Hussite synods before 1440 were divided according to the region into Prague, Tábor and common disputations (hádání), the Catholic synods are not documented. It was necessary to keep track of the activities of both official confession groups in the country in the following period. The Tábor centre could be observed only till 1444, when its activities came to an end. Nevertheless, a new independent radical group Unitas Fratrum (Unity of Brethern, Jednota bratrská) appeared during the examined period. The phenomenon of their synods is so specific, that it could be only mentioned in this paper. The paper is limited within the Prague diocese. The development in Moravia was completely different, that is why it was not implicated in the research. Despite I continue the research of a phenomenon named with the same term, the scene as well as the...
|
| |
|
Analysis and modeling of the structure and development of mixed forest stands in the Sudety mountains
Vacek, Zdeněk ; Remeš, Jiří (advisor) ; Hlásny, Tomáš (referee)
The thesis deals with analysis and modeling of the structure and development of selected mixed forests in protected areas of the Sudeten system, especially in the Giant Mountains national parks, Protected Landscape Area Broumovsko and Orlické Mountains, but also in other areas of the Czech Republic. This study is composed of a set of six published manuscripts that are covering three thematic ranges: structure of forest stands, regeneration of forest stands and forest modeling. The main objective of this work was to evaluate a vertical, horizontal and species structure, total diversity and development of mixed forest stands in central Sudetes. The partial aim was to analyse production parameters of forest stands, effect of microrelief and game on natural regeneration and assessment of dead wood in the area of interest. Further, the objective of the study was to develop explicit and non-explicit crown width and slenderness quotient models for Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and to predict the development of mixed forest ecosystem using growth simulations and to evaluate parameters and interactions among stand structure, climatic factors and natural regeneration, using especially analysis of variance, correlation matrix, spatial statistic and multivariate analysis. For this purpose a system of permanent research plots was used, which are regularly monitored since 1980 or were newly established. Using mapping technology FieldMap, selected parameters were measured for tree layer, natural regeneration individuals and dead wood. The results showed that the spatial distribution of beech stands in optimum stadium changes with the altitude from the regular pattern through random to aggregated spatial pattern of beech forests near the timberline. The spatial distribution of natural regeneration is highly aggregated, distribution of stumps is random and horizontal structure of the centroids of the crowns is always more regularly distributed than stems due to crown plasticity. Browsing damage of the leading shoot by game is an important limiting factor for height growth of natural regeneration, especially for silver fir (Abies alba Mill.), rowan (Sorbus aucuparia L.) and sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus L.). The study of the influence of microrelief on the growth of beech regeneration showed that the highest average height was found on slope and pits, while the lowest on the mounds. From the effect of climatic factors on the radial growth of trees, it was found that temperature is a limiting factor for growth in mountain areas, respectively that positive effect of temperature decreases with decreasing altitude and conversely the influence of precipitation increases. Finally, spatially explicit models (as opposed to non-explicit) described a larger part of the crown width variations for spruce and beech and of the slenderness quotient for spruce. The largest contribution to the models after breast diameter was dominant height.
|
|
Economic Impacts of Social Policy on Selected Sectors of the Czech Economy
Kašparová, Kateřina ; Severová, Lucie (advisor)
We live in the 21st century, when more than ever solves finance, economy in terms of both the individual and the state, but also the European Union, which affects every Member State and the Czech Republic is no exception. State economic situation continues to affect both small and large companies, entrepreneurs and individuals who under the influence of the surrounding developments make decisions affecting not only the present but also the future. Economic decisions impinge on the functioning of the state authorities, which is taking steps to support the decision given on the company, such as electronic records of sales, taxation and other laws affecting their business. This impacts directly or indirectly to a particular individual moving in the country's economy. The aim of the dissertation is to express the economic impact in terms of social policy on selected sectors of the Czech economy, both theoretically and practically. The economic impact of social policy affects the financial situation of the economically active population who are hit by unexpected life situations. It is degraded in the social position due to declining economic level, which is then inadequate and social policies often do not sufficiently take into account the economic situation of the individual before and after the establishment of that situation. And the individual is often unable to adequately use the possibilities that social policy allows. The main reason is a lack of awareness, that should act on the individual before the emergence of the situation and create awareness in the people about the possibilities of resolving the situation. Unexpected life situations addressed by social policy, which is also solvable through its tools, job loss or inability to continue to engage in employment. Both options associated with a decrease in working capacity, which addresses social policy through the provision of disability pensions. These covers Czech Social Security Administration through district administrations throughout the country. The State influences the amount of disability pensions minimum the setting of wages, the basis of assessment, determination of the percentage amount of disability pension, including its reduction limits or minimum time required insurance. The aforementioned indicators in the calculation of invalidity pension, which becomes a very individual matter, but is influenced by the rules of 441,000 persons receiving this pension, which in the third. stage reaches an average amount of 10 262 CZK. With this funding slightly higher than the minimum wage, individuals must manage and deal with the new situation. Economic impacts caused by unexpected life situation affects not only the individual himself, but also its surroundings. To eliminate these negative economic impacts serve other instruments of social policy that could improve the financial situation. However, this is a significant administrative burden for which the required knowledge about the possibilities, which include care allowances, mobility allowances, certificate of persons with disabilities, but also the opportunity to appeal against the decision of the Czech Social Security Administration to withdraw and so improve its economic situation.
|
guest ::
