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Financing of election campaigns in the Czech Republic: European Parliament elections 2014
Malinová, Soňa ; Vymětal, Petr (advisor) ; Husák, Jan (referee)
Bachelor thesis focuses on the topic of financing of election campaigns in the Czech Republic for the European Parliament elections 2014. It mainly deals with the evaluation of transparency of campaigns of individual political parties/movements and with analysis of their incomes and expenditures. In the work I seek an answer to two main questions. The first one concerns transparent accounts and their potential influence on improvement of transparent environment in the election campaign of the elections to the European Parliament. The second one addresses expenses of political parties/movements during the election campaign, specifically for what items political parties and movements spend the most. In the Czech Republic currently does not exist a statutory obligation for setting up of transparent accounts for political parties/movements. Transparency is unfortunately not guaranteed even for the political entities that voluntarily establish a transparent account. These parties/movements may also have other opaque accounts that are not publicly traceable and verifiable.
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Situation and dilemma of the Pakistani immigration in Great Britain
Krylová, Irma ; Marek, Jan (referee) ; Kropáček, Luboš (advisor)
This thesis is about the current situation and dilemma of Pakistani immigration in Great Britain. It started in the 1950's but it didn't become a relevant political question until the 1980's, because of minorities' growing requirements. Due to the differences in habits, culture and religion from the British lifestyle, it creates anxiety and disatisfaction in the society. This thesis is focused mainly on communuty identity. It considers the changing lifestyle of three generations. For muslims, Islam is everything and it pervades their entire lives. The first part of this thesis is rather theoretical and introduces several different model s of integration and immigration. Great Britain represents a bifurcationist model, in which immigrants are supposed to respect english institutions and culture, but still may follow their tradidtions in their private lives. The second part is focused on education, employment and religious life, which is specific and rich, because it reflects movements and trends coming from Pakistan. Emphasis is given mainly to the requirements specifically related to religion which conflicts with british and western society. In the third part, negative trends are discussed which Pakistani are faced with in their daily existence. This is not only physical violence and islamophobic offences...
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Neurogenetický potenciál kmenových buněk u myší
Slabá, Barbora ; Červený, Lukáš (referee) ; Štaud, František (advisor)
Neural stem cells (NSCs) are present in the mammalian adult nervous system and are found in two specific regions: the subventricular zone of the forebrain and the subgranular zone in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. NSCs undergo fate specification, maturation and functional integration before they can take part in neuronal circuits. Less is known about the mechanisms controlling these processes or the function of the newly born neurons in the adult brain. A large number of molecular and environmental factors can regulate various aspects of proliferation, maturation and differentiation of adult stem cells in adult nervous system. NSCs can give rise to three main types of neural cells: neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. It is suggested that astrocytes may play critical role in regulating neurogenesis in both the intact adult brain and after injury. Therefore, determining how astrocytes regulate adult neurogenesis at the molecular level is an essential step toward understanding the regulation of adult neurogenesis. To find out how genetic alteration of astrocytic intermediate filament will affect neural stem cells of postnatal mice, the neurosphere assay was performed in order to compare the proliferative and differentiation characteristics of neural stem/progenitor cells in GFAP-/- Vim-/-...
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Distorted maps of the world 2009 according to foreign news of selected newspapers
Špirko, Michal ; Končelík, Jakub (advisor) ; Reifová, Irena (referee)
The rigorous thesis "Distorted maps of the world 2009 according to foreign news of selected newspapers" deals with the ways in which the most widely read newspaper in the Czech and Slovak Republic inform about world matters. Foreign news in surveyed newspapers MF Dnes and SME are examined by using a quantitative content analysis which particularly asks "how" and "why" some states pay great attention and others are ignored. The question of "how" is developed in the methodological section. This part establishes procedures by which knowledge can be achieved, and identifies factors that may be crucial for assessing the unequal attention to the individual states. The question of "why" refers to the theoretical part, which outlines the findings of media studies on the construction of media reality, as well as the characteristic features of media organizations and the creation of news content. Attention is also focused on the description of the contexts between analyzed media organizations and resources issues. The aim of the whole work is then to compose several distorted maps of the world by selected criteria, which reflect the world view as presented through the content of examined journals.
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Money and ownership in peoples' value orientation
Chylíková, Johana ; Průšová, Petra (referee) ; Duffková, Jana (advisor)
Každý člověk je nositelem nějakých hodnot; některé hodnoty uznává a vůči některým se vymezuje. Nikdo se nenarodí s komplexní, stálou hodnotovou orientací, se kterou projde celým životem aniž by změnil své názory. Hodnoty, které jedinec uznává, do velké míry ovlivňuje jeho okolí- rodina, přátelé, práce, životní zkušenosti; toto okolí však také prochází určitými změnami. Společnosti se mění v čase a s nimi i jejich členové. Zda jsou hodnoty předem dané a lidem vrozené nebo ne, tedy jestli se mohou měnit nebo zda existují všeobecné stále hodnoty vlastní všem lidem bylo předmětem diskuzí učenců stovky let. Až sociologie a další humanitní a společenské vědy podaly přesvědčivé důkazy o tom, že hodnoty v lidské společnosti jsou relativní, tedy že se mění. K napětí v hodnotové sféře, tedy problematice změn v lidských hodnotách a hodnotových změn ve společnosti, se vyjádřil J. Benda: "Prvořadou úlohu v něm (hodnotovém napětí) hraje racionální zdůvodňování a argumentace. Existují i pohledy, které zdůrazňují stabilitu a neměnnost hodnot, ale v moderním myšlení jsou tyto pohledy poměrně ojedinělé." 1 Jako jeden z mnoha příkladů změn v hodnotové sféře uvedu rozdílné nahlížení na svět obyvatel starého Řecka a lidí žijících v současném západním světě. Ve Starém Řecku byla zcela "přirozená" instituce otroctví- někteří lidé...
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Relation between own voice perception and skull vibrations
Vokřál, J. ; Horáček, Jaromír ; Černý, L. ; Veselý, Jan
Human own voice is percepted differently by speaker via air and bone conduction. The main aim of previous studies was to find out transfer function between these two ways of listening. Psychoacoustics methods, which were used mostly, gave relatively high differences between different subjects. Simultaneous recording of subject voice and vibrations of skull was used in your study. Low-pass filter effects found in vibrational spectra correspond to the psychoacoustics studies. These findings could be helpful in studying of self-perception of voice colour, the investigation of signer voice, the remediation of articulation disorders.
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: Time Requirement for Basic Nursing Care Procedures
SOUMAROVÁ, Iveta
A large number of nursing procedures are carried out in each ward in every hospital every day. In its theoretical part, this Bachelor thesis presents twenty basic procedures. The goal of the thesis was to find out what the most used nursing procedures are and to map the time consumption for individual nursing procedures. The quantitative research method was applied in the Bachelor thesis. Data were collected by measurement of time consumption of ten individual nursing procedures. These ten procedures were selected from a list of most used nursing procedures. Performance of the procedures was observed at the internal and surgical wards of the Hospital in České Budějovice. Both wards were observed over a 3-day span. Ten most often used nursing procedures were selected from the total number of procedures identical for both wards. Correctness of inclusion of the procedures was evaluated by the chi quadrat test in a contingency table. In addition, each of the ten most used procedures was measured ten times at each ward, from the preparation to the clean-up of instruments. The individual time values were averaged and presented along with conclusive deviations. A conformity with or difference in the time consumed was tested statistically by using the F or T test, where the applied significance level equals 5%. The research group was composed of the nurses and ancillary nursing personnel. Results are presented in graphs and tables. The following procedures differed in the individual wards: administration of medicines per os, serving of meals, venous blood sampling and blood pressure measurement. The bachelor thesis is focused on the time consumption for individual nursing procedures. The time consumption and the frequency of the individual procedures can serve as a base of explanation of the number of employees to the nursing management.
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Psychology of pricing
Bimaj, Arjola ; Král, Petr (advisor) ; Olšanová, Květa (referee)
Price is the element of the marketing mix that has direct effect in the profits of a company. The right price can boost the profit and the wrong price can significantly shrink it. Thus, the businesses need to set the right price in order to maximize their revenues. However, the newest factors in the economic field, the continuous changes in the environment and the current financial situation in the world has eroded the pricing power and forces the managers to look in every direction in order to be able and keep up with the changes. Therefore, the aim of the thesis is to study the psychology of pricing related to the factors that affect the consumers' psychology and behavior when it comes to purchasing decision. The information will be then useful inputs for the companies in order to understand these factors and use them to set the most suitable pricing method for their product.
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Palliative care is provided by patient's family at home
KUČEROVÁ, Tereza
The thesis, titled Palliative Care Provided by Patient's Family in Home Environment, discusses the specific care needs of a terminally ill patient in his/her own home. Caring for an ill person in a home environment is beginning to be a growing trend in home care, but also it is an increasingly common wish of the patients themselves. The family is therefore required to have enough theory and practical knowledge in order to deliver a highly demanding personal care for their close family members. The aim of the thesis is to summarize the current situation of delivering palliative care in home environment in Czech Republic whilst concentrating on the specific needs of the patient and the needs of their family. The objectives of the research were to determine whether family members were introduces to the specifics of palliative care of terminally ill patients; to map their skills in delivering palliative care in home environment and to reveal the most common issues that family members come across in that home environment. The final objective was to map out services in regions of Central Bohemia and Liberec that are accessible to family members whilst caring for a terminally ill patient. The research part of the thesis was completed employing a method of qualitative investigation using semi-structured interviews with patient's family members and nurses providing hospice care in home environment. It emerged from the analytical interviews that the family's knowledge level regarding support for palliative care in home environment is very limited and in hospitals families are only given minimal or no support or information. As a final document for the thesis an informative educational brochure was created based on the results of aforementioned research, primarily targeting patient's family; its core objective is to improve information and collate the specifics of care that would allow the patient a dignified end to their life.
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Coping strategies in children´s fear and pain in relation to nursing care
PROCHÁZKOVÁ, Zuzana
For the nurse, taking care of hospitalized children is important not only pediatric nursing knowledge, personal and social preconditions, but also the theoretical and practical competency of methods and techniques, which are used for identification and effective influencing of pain and fear. The aim of this thesis was to identify the main sources of fear of the hospitalized preschool and young school age children and to find out the effective methods and principles of the cooperation with children, alternatively with their accompanying parents in order to moderate the fear of the small patient. Then the thesis tried to chart the nursing diagnostic and evaluation procedure of the pain and get the most used nursing methods of non-pharmacological pain relief. To obtain the necessary data, the qualitative research was used with a semi-structured interview as a research instrument. The first research group consisted of 12 nurses, the second group consisted of 12 children ´s patients of preschool and young school age. The majority of the asked nurses thinks, that children´s patients are afraid especially of non-familiar environment, then of the awaited pain and of the solitude without parents. However, the most patients said, that they were afraid especially of pain, then of non-familiar environment, restriction of their needs, hostile attitude of the medical staff and of the other neighbouring patients. They were also frightened of the death and of the darkness. Most reported nurses mean, that the most effective solution of the children ´s fear is the friendly attitude of the medics. They also mentioned the fact of taking the focus off the fear and the presence of the parents is also beneficial. The nurses ´ answers were in conformity with patients opinion in two fields - friendly attitude of the medics and taking the focus off the fear. Then the children mentioned abiding of their specifics in connection to falling asleep and the demand of beying treated by the same sister or by few same sisters. All respondents also talked about the benefit of parents presence. Regarding the principles of the cooperation, nurses answered the importance of united medical procedures, especially the proper way of information transfer. Then the respondents nurses mentioned the psychical and emotional support for children and their accompaniments, the atmosphere of confidence and the value of well done education. Also the need of calm, silence and privacy was stated. Unlike nurses, children and their parents regarding to principles of the cooperation prefer the psychical and emotional support, then the importance of enough information was mentioned. The fourth research question bears on the methods used for children pain monitoring. The nurses said, that the intentional interview with the patients or with the parents was used as a main technique, that was stated by patients as well. Research question number five said: What are the most used nursing methods of non-pharmacological pain relief at children? Most responded nurses mentioned the distraction of children attention from the painful incentive, then the importance of physical methods, relief position and purposeful preparation for the unpleasant intervention. Nurses also named the helpful contribution of the parents, relaxing exercises and the method of imagination. Regarding the pain treatment, it was noted, that all patients prefered the analgesic therapy. Then they quoted the distraction of their attention from the painful incentive, the friendly attitude of the medics, using the ice compress and the relief position. In the pain acute phase, children required mostly calm, comfort and privacy. All children also considered the presence of parents as very helpful. The theoretical and empirical part of the thesis are suitable for being studied by nurses taking care of children and it can be helpful for nursing quality improvement at children ´s wards in hospitals.
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