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THEOLOGY OF MAGIC - Magic as (yet) unreflected part of the theology of earthly reality
PLOS, Michal
To open a different perspective on the still-discussed difference between Christian religion and magic is the task of this work. In order to reach the end successfully, that is, the fourth part of this thesis, which deals with the principle of sanctity in the Catholic Church, it was necessary to first develop the following three blocks. 1) Religious-anthropological analysis of magic ? in this part we summarize basic anthropological views on magic according to the individual researchers J.G. Frazer, E.B. Taylor, R.R. Marett, B. Malinowski, and E. de Martino. The subject of this section was the analysis of animism and the inner power of creation. 2) Magic as a part of religion ? in which we analysed the content of the concept of magic, the area where it came from, and how it was perceived in the environment of the Mediterranean European culture of ancient Rome, and how magic was discredited in the ancient "pagan" and Christian environment. 3) The interest of the sages in the phenomenon of magic ? has created a space for the issue of the magic of "barbaric" tribes, whose faith traditions have become a legitimate part of the Catholic faith. This section has also developed a "story of overly" peculiar magic adepts of the "restored" Renaissance Platonic Academy, in which M. Ficino and P. della Mirandola worked. We paid more attention to their life stories and work, for they themselves stood at the birth of an "institutional" association in the area of a sort of "applied" magism in the form of esoteric neoplatonism, hermetism, and theururgy. At this point we also found the historical model of the later Czech hermetic society Universalia, which we mentioned at the end of the work. 4) Ex opere operato et ex opere operantis ? it represents the peak of our work, opening a whole new discussion in the critique of magic and religion. Magic and Christian religion have a common root, they co-exist side by side, complement each other, and even blend in some areas of universal piety as conditions of one and the same Catholic faith.
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Female characters as a medium of male authorities in Arthur Miller's The Crucible and William Golding's The Double Tongue
Beránková, Anna ; Topolovská, Tereza (advisor) ; Chalupský, Petr (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to examine the ways in which the female characters of two well-known works, namely William Golding's novel The Double Tongue (1995) and Arthur Miller's play The Crucible (1953), are exploited by male characters in pursuit of their ambitions. In spite of the works being set in different periods, they both develop the theme of male authorities abusing and misusing the inferior position of oftentimes adolescent women, bestowed on them by patriarchal society. The interpretation of both literary works is mainly based on historical and socio-cultural study of the periods as well as works of literary criticism. Abstracting the main features regarding the theme of this thesis that connect the two periods, the two literary works are compared. The theoretical part of the thesis provides the reader with a brief overview concerning the authors with a specific focus on the historical circumstances in which the works were written, and which influenced the content of the works. Second part of the theoretical section focuses on the historical and socio-cultural context in which the plots of the individual works take place. The last theoretical section discusses the position of women in the respective societies. The practical part subsequently presents illustration of the discussed...
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Witchcraft in dominion of Třeboň in the early modern age
KREJČÍ, Lucie
The theme of my bachelor thesis is the issue of witchcraft on the estate of Třeboň in the years 1590 - 1783. The main task is to clarify the relationship between witchcraft and folk culture based on the criminal legal sources preserved in the fund of estate Třeboň. Moreover, I will also try to bring the difference between the normative and the factual punishment of these acts with the help of the preserved pitch books. To the center of attention they get specific actors who stood before the seigniorial court and will be also zoomed legal proceedings with František Řezáč by using metods of historical anthropology.
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Woman and The Witches' Sabbath
Hlaváčová, Kateřina ; Dluhoš, Marek (advisor) ; Kostičová, Zuzana (referee)
This bachelor thesis follows the development of the myth of Sabbath as it was created by Christian demonologists in the last centuries of the Middle Ages. It tries to trace its mythical roots and influences of older pre-Christian traditions. It begins with medieval theories of conspiracy which caused the persecution of lepers in France at the beginning of the 14th century and ends with great European hunters, whose justification was based on the belief in the mysterious witches gathering. I assume from the thesis of the Italian historian Carlo Ginzburg, who considered the Witches Sabbath to be transformed idea of the conspiracy of lepers, on which were grafted demonized pagan motives and the new conception of the devil, which crystallized at the end of the Middle Ages. I also try to interpret the motives of the Sabbath as the projections of the social taboos, which had in the centre figure of woman. From this perspective, I evaluate the figure of the devil, who became the shadow of the society at that time.
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The Fate of Witches: Animism and Traditional Healing in Cameroon
Vopelková, Veronika ; Soukup, Martin (advisor) ; Soukup, Václav (referee)
Bc. Veronika Vopelková The Fate of Witches: Animism and Traditional Healing in Cameroon Abstract Traditional culture and religion disappear and assimilate into the dominant cultures around the world. Globalization has affected all ethnic groups in Africa. Cameroonian Grassfield is still among those which have been preserved diverse customs and rituals. In the past, the Fondom Kedjom Keku - today, village Big Babanki became the focus of this anthropological work. The aim is to understand and describe the current state of the traditional religion of the inhabitants of this village. For comparison with the original form of each religious phenomena serves a number of publications, researches and interviews with witnesses. This work is based on my field research, participatory observation, interviews and questionnaires. My attention is fixed on a belief in Kedjom gods, spirits, souls of ancestors and contemporary celebration of death, magic and witchcraft, supernatural power of amulets, spiritual power of twins and secret societies. Considering the frequency of allegations of witchcraft, this theme is also elaborated in general view with regard to the Kedjom Keku people and the whole Grassfield. Since the connection with the supernatural world is not the only domain of wizards and witches, but this power can be...
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Witch cults and alternative treatment methods in equatorial Africa
Poprocká, Lucie ; Nová, Monika (advisor) ; Cimrmannová, Tereza (referee)
Thesis topic "Witch cults and alternative treatment methods in equatorial Africa" deals with the problems of shamanism and treatment methods in Africa, mainly in the equatorial area. Introduces witchcraft and compares it to shamanism, healing and other methods of the African aboriginal tribes and specific healing methods which are practised by shamans, medicine men and healers. At the same time it compares these methods to the quality of the medical services which are available in the given area. Practical part shows research solutions analysing the relations of the citizens from an Ugandan village Nyakyera and surrounding areas to healthcare and their attitude towards the shaman healers.
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Witchcraft and Inquisition in "El Crotalón" from a historical-literary perspective
Kožárová, Radka ; Sánchez Fernández, Juan Antonio (advisor) ; Poláková, Dora (referee)
The master's thesis Witchcraft and Inquisition in literal and historical context of "El Crótalon" offers a look at displays od the Witchcraft in the literature of first half of the 16th century with special attention on classical Greek and Roman literal models. Furthermore, the thesis analyzes the influence of Erasmus'work and impact of the Reformation movement on intelectual panorama as well as on the popular opinion; it concentrates on the evolution of Witchcraft and its growing influence over the social life. It also studies how the changing caracter of the Witchcraft reflected in the literal activity of its times. Second part of the thesis is dedicated to religious aspects of the Witchcraft, its connection with heretical movements and persecutions by the Inquisition.
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Critical review of Mary Douglas`s Witchcraft Theory
Vacíková, Tereza ; Chlup, Radek (advisor) ; Záhořík, Jan (referee)
This diploma thesis has two aims. The first one is exploration of "Grid/Group Theory" as it was presented by its author Mary Douglas in "Cultural Bias" (1978). According to this theory the thinking in the idiom of witchcraft is a product of an perception of specific social structure by an individual. The crux of this thesis should be comparation of social structure of few African societies with their cosmologies according to the empirical materials. It should proof the validation of the theory and also show some dificulties which the student must face during the application. The second aim is description of witchcraft and sorcery phenomenon and attempt to determine its essence or function for society.
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