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Development of Communicative Competence in an Elementary School Pupil
Žemlová, Tereza ; Chejnová, Pavla (advisor) ; Babušová, Gabriela (referee)
The focus of this thesis is to explore the development of communicative competence in an elementary school pupil. The research aims to analyse the specific areas of lexical and grammatical competence development in this pupil. The theoretical part of the research defines key terms related to communication. Moreover, it is focused on childrens' speech with the emphasis on the acquisition of specific means of communication that constitute the communicative competence. It also mentions various speech disorders which may follow the linguistic phenomenon of ontogenesis. It introduces several methods which can be used to analyse the child's speech level. The focus of the research is the vocabulary diversity of an elementary pupil (2nd grade student), calculated using the Type-Token ratio (TTR). The research also focuses on the complexity of syntax structures, represented by the number of simple and more complicated sentences in a speech. Data were collected by recording non- scripted interviews over a 6-month period. Three interviews were spontaneous, while the remaining three were centred around a specific topic. In the latter interviews, the subject had the option to prepare for the interview and fill in a given worksheet, allowing for a more structured speech. The interviews were transcribed according...
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Vocabulary development on the 2nd grade of primary school
PETERKA, Ondřej
The thesis focuses on the level and development of vocabulary of upper primary school pupils, primarily in the 6th and 9th grade. The thesis is divided into the theoretical and empirical part. The aim of the theoretical part is to define the discipline of lexicology, the vocabulary and its individual elements. The empirical part of the thesis describes the research methodology and summarizes and further contrasts the results of a questionnaire survey conducted among pupils from three different primary schools.
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Contemporary Dictionary of the Young Generation Dialect in Hranice
Toračová, Klára ; Nedvědová, Blanka (advisor) ; Sojka, Pavel (referee)
Contemporary Dictionary of the Young Generation Dialect in Hranice ABSTRACT Czech is an extraordinarily rich language, our largest dictionary has approximately 250,000 words and this number also includes many more belonging to dialect groups. However, some dialect words are still not recorded in dictionaries and their use is restricted to a very narrow range of users. This bachelor's thesis focuses on dialects, specifically in the town of Hranice in the Olomouc Region. Nowadays dialects are being transformed due to several factors. This paper aims to determine whether the meanings of specific dialect words are still familiar to the young generation in the Hranice dialect section and whether these are used in their everyday speech. The theoretical part defines the basic concepts related to the dialect, the characteristics of the dialect of the area and a brief description of the history of Hranice and its surroundings. The practical part is based on data collected using a questionnaire. First, linguistic material was collected from respondents of different generations, aged from 24 to 65, who were born in Hranice and commonly use the local dialect. Using this linguistic material and the words captured in the Czech Language Atlas, a questionnaire was compiled and presented to the pupils of the Gymnasium and...
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Vocabulary of Preschool and School Children
Paulová, Johana ; Chejnová, Pavla (advisor) ; Hájková, Eva (referee)
The aim of the research was to map vocabulary across all age groups interviewed and then assess the results, analyse the information found and compare groups against each other. In the theoretical part of this work, I present specific examples of vocabulary layering, further describing its scope as well as the ways in which it can be enriched. The second chapter of the theoretical section describes the development of child's speech at different times of the first years of their life, i.e. from the prenatal period, to the start of compulsory schooling. Furthermore, this chapter lists the various causes of delayed speech development that inhibit or otherwise limit its fluency and their effects on a child's vocabulary. The theoretical part of this thesis is concluded by a list of selected methods for evaluating vocabulary and speech comprehension. The practical part is based on an active and passive vocabulary test. This test was carried out in three age groups - younger kindergarten class, older kindergarten class and a primary school first class, each of ten children. The section testing passive vocabulary consisted of ten themes, each theme containing eight stimulant words. Respondents then assigned these words to images from the image attachment. The active vocabulary section required an...
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Impact of reading on vocabulary, text comprehension and fancy of protagonists on children of pre-school age
Marklová, Tereza ; Laufková, Veronika (advisor) ; Mocná, Dagmar (referee)
This thesis is concerned with the impact of reading on vocabulary, text comprehension and fancy of protagonists on pre-school children aged 3 to 6. The purpose of the research part of the thesis is to find out to which extend reading impacts on vocabulary, text comprehension and fancy of protagonists of pre-school children aged 3 to 6. First hypothesis expects that during the one-month project children who are exposed the most to reading and working with a book are going to make the biggest progress in text comprehension and vocabulary. Other two hypotheses try to prove that older children are going to have better results than the youngest research participants at the beginning and the end of the project. Third hypothesis then adds that the youngest, 3 years old, children are going to improve significantly only in the questions that are repeated and that it is due to memorizing, not comprehension. Last hypothesis claims that children most involved in reading are going to take to new favourite characters. The theoretical part describes the development of a child since childbirth to 6 years, with an accentuation on the period between 3 and 6 years of age and analysis of fairy-tale as both a genre of literature and an instrument of child's development stimulation. The practical part of the thesis is a...
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The Influence of English on the German Language
LOCH, Daniel
The subject of the bachelor thesis is the occurrence of English language borrowings in contemporary German. In recent years, English has strongly influenced the lexical vocabulary of many languages, not excluding German. The task of this thesis is to find both similarities and differences in the process of adoption of anglicisms by the German language. Linguistic elements of English already fall into the lexicon of German speakers, and it is among the younger generation that they are exceedingly popular. The theoretical part will focus on the term anglicism, the history of anglicisms, their impact and penetration into the German language. Attention will also be paid to the formal adaptation of English loanwords in German and their place in contemporary communication. The practical part of this thesis aims to map the relationship of young people in particular to anglicisms. At the same time, it tries to find out what influence English borrowings have on German vocabulary.
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Issues of archaisms and historicisms in the teaching of the Czech language at the 2nd level of elementary school
DIVIŠOVÁ, Kristina
The diploma thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part deals with the basic findings of lexicology. The thesis focuses on the general characteristics of lexicology - its history, general lexicological approaches, and its division. The idea of Czech vocabulary is elaborated in detail with the emphasis on vocabulary limited by time validity. It also focuses on curricular documents where vocabulary learning is embedded. The practical part is concerned with questionnaire survey, which first maps out the knowledge of concepts and understanding of archaic and historical words by pupils of middle school. It also points out how much attention is paid to teaching about archaism and historicism in the lessons of Czech language and literature.
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Germanisms as components of phrasemes in Czech language
DVOŘÁKOVÁ, Gabriela
This thesis deals with Germanisms, which are part of Czech idioms. Germanisms are words borrowed from the German language into our mother tongue. The theoretical part of the thesis describes the science of phraseology, its history, principles and types of idioms and it deals with the ways of vocabulary enrichment. The aim of this thesis was to find out whether idioms with Germanisms are still known for primary school pupils and for high school and university students today. The research was conducted at different types of schools in different towns, which are situated at varying distances from the borders with the German speaking countries. The results show that high school and university students achieve a greater knowledge of idioms, and that the distance of the school attended or the distance of residence from the border also plays a significant role in the vocabulary of young individuals. There are outlined didactic activities for working with idioms in German language lessons at the end of the thesis.
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Staff´s Vocabulary in Retail Chains
JINDROVÁ, Šárka
The submitted thesis deals with the professional speech of employees of selected retail chains. It aims to explore the language and, based on interviews with employees, to capture the current status of the vocabulary of employees of the selected stores and to contribute a partial probe to the research of non-literary Czech. The work will also include a smaller lexicon of collected lexical means with an explanation of their meaning. The first half of the work is focused on the introduction of units and semi-units of national language, especially on slang and professional speech. The second half will be focused on the collected material for its thorough analysis, especially from a semantic and word-forming point of view.
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