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Major dietary mistakes in patients with primary aldosteronism and essential hypertension
Hampl, Petr ; Petrák, Ondřej (advisor) ; Krátká, Zuzana (referee)
Abstact Arterial hypertension is one of the most serious risk factors for cardiovascular complications in the form of stroke, heart failure, ischemic heart disease, and other manifestations of atherosclerosis. Damage caused by the disease increases over time due to asymptomatic course and interaction with other risk factors, especially dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, smoking habits, or obesity. These combinations of risk factors, together with hypertension, further multiply the overall cardiovascular risk of sufferers. Although arterial hypertension is influenced by pharmacological treatment and lifestyle modification, its high prevalence represents a serious health problem in both the Czech Republic and in other developed countries. This bachelor thesis aims to evaluate the eating habits of patients with essential hypertension, a multifactorial form of the disease without a specific causing cause, and of hypertonics with primary aldosteronism, which arises on the basis of autonomous overproduction of aldosterone. Although this form of disease has a specifically treatable cause, its course and organ complications are often more serious than those of essential hypertension. Dietary habits, together with adherence to other nonpharmacological measures, can largely moderate the manifestations of the disease...
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Dietary habits of patients in the schizophrenic spectrum
Krůčková, Dominika ; Kalinová, Nelly (advisor) ; Pehr, Martin (referee)
The thesis deals with the dietary habits of schizophrenic patients and the effect of anti- inflammatory food on the levels of inflammatory markers in the blood. Patients suffering from schizophrenia are observed to have poorer eating habits compared to healthy controls. These patients are more likely to consume saturated and trans unsaturated fatty acids and less likely to include fruit and vegetables, unsaturated fatty acids or fibre in their diet. At the same time these patients have a higher consumption of foods involved in promoting chronic inflammation and thus possibly worsening the symptoms of the disease. The aim of this study is to evaluate the dietary habits of schizophrenic patients using a semi-quantitative frequency questionnaire and to compare them with a control group without a psychiatric diagnosis. Furthermore, based on the findings from the DII to select foods from the questionnaire that contain components of or are themselves included in the anti-inflammatory food index and to determine whether the frequency of consumption of these foods correlates with blood levels of inflammatory markers. According to the results of this work the diet of schizophrenic patients can be considered less healthy compared to the control group due to lower consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables,...
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NUTRITION TRENDS AND EATING HABITS OF INFANT AND TODDLERS
Bayerová, Michaela ; Starnovská, Tamara (advisor) ; Fornůsek, František (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of nutrition of children from birth to 3 years. The theoretical part is dedicated to general characteristics and official recommendations in the field of infant and toddler nutrition, in particular the introduction of complementary foods and the eating behaviour that the child adopts at this age and carries over into adulthood. In view of the growing trend towards alternative diets of young children, part of this thesis has also focused on this issue, as the possible withdrawal of certain nutrients can have fatal consequences for the developing organism. The practical part focused on mapping these trends. The research was carried out quantitatively by means of a questionnaire survey, which was mainly directed at the child's general approach to nutrition and eating habits. The questionnaire was disseminated through Facebook groups that bring together parents of young children. The aim is to determine the current perception of nutrition of parents of young children, whether they follow official recommendations in terms of introducing complementary foods and what are the current nutritional habits of young children.
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Incidence of obesity in young school-age children
Balcarová, Kateřina ; Kytnarová, Jitka (advisor) ; Frühauf, Pavel (referee)
This master's thesis investigates the incidence of obesity in young school-age children, in two groups aged 6-8 and 10-12 years. Firstly, it summarises the current state of literature about obesity in children, secondly, the young school-age children are characterised and thirdly, it informs about healthy lifestyle in primary school lessons. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence of obesity in young school-age children, to assess their eating and exercise habits and to find out if they are guided towards a healthy lifestyle during lessons. The test group included 214 participants (132 girls and 82 boys). Data collection was divided into two parts: the first part included anthropometric measurements (height, weight and waist circumference) and the second part questioned children's eating and exercise habits by a survey. The results show a lower incidence of obesity in the examined group compared to the literature. However, a higher incidence of obesity in older children corresponds with existing literature. Regularity of having breakfast and consuming sweet drinks was significantly connected to the BMI Z-score value. Conversely, the association of BMI Z-score value with the distribution of physical exercise lessons (PE classes) per week was not significant. Education including healthy lifestyle...
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Dietary habits of patients suffering from IBD
Metličková, Aneta ; Kohout, Pavel (advisor) ; Šimková, Simona (referee)
This diploma thesis titled "Dietary habits of patients suffering from IBD", deals with specifics of said diseases as well as nutrition of these patients. The theoretical part touches on Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, it lists characteristics, epidemiology, possible complications and treatments of these diseases. There is a detailed description of usage of medical nutrition therapy and various diets that use to be recommended to these patients. It also presents medical nutrition therapy as an indispensable element of the process of treating these diseases. The 4 main goals I set for my thesis were as follows: to map eating habits of respondents suffering from IBD; to compare eating habits of patients suffering from IBD with those of healthy respondents; to compare eating habits of patients suffering from CD with eating habits of patients suffering from UC and lastly - to find out where respondents get their information on their disease and nutrition from. The research consisted of 12 respondents in total of which half were patients suffering from IBD and the other half were healthy individuals. The group of respondents suffering from IBD consisted of 3 CD patients and 3 UC patients. To obtain the data I used a semi-structured interview as well as dietary recall. I chose to interview only...
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Relations between personality traits and eating habits
Mastromatteová, Nikol ; Konečná, Judita (advisor) ; Krejčí, Hana (referee)
This thesis studies the relations between personality traits of the Big Five model (neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, openness to experience, conscientiousness) and eating habits. The aim of this work is to map the relation between personality traits and eating habits, to describe the relation of specific traits with specific eating habits and to discuss possible use in practice. Data were obtained using two questionnaires administered anonymously in an online environment. The NEO-FFI questionnaire was used to measure personality traits, and a self- created questionnaire based on World Health Organization (WHO), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and The Czech Society for Nutrition (CSN) nutritional recommendations was used to measure eating habits. Data from 91 respondents (22 men and 69 women) were analyzed. The results showed the association of neuroticism with some eating habits that were classified in the unhealthy group, the association of conscientiousness and agreeableness with some eating habits that were classified in the healthy group. Extraversion and openness to experience were associated with habits from both the healthy and unhealthy groups. The results are consistent with previous studies in the context of conscientiousness and neuroticism....
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Dietary habits including fibre consumption in obese people
KUTĚJOVÁ, Kristýna
Term of bachelor´s work is "Dietary habits including fibre consumption in obese people". Theoretical portion is divided into two parts. First part preoccupies about problems in obesity, to be concrete its causes, diagnoses, treatment, and complications. Second part is dedicated to dietary fibre, explaining its effects, how they differ, what´s her sources, effectivity in prevention of diseases, possibility of unwanted side effects and its recommended amount. Main goal of the bachelor's work was to find and chart feeding habits obese individuals. Next goal was to chart consume dietary fibre, collect data and compare them with control group, which was made from people with normal weight. Qualitaty method was selected for the research. Usage for completion of the first task was semi structuredinterview and seven-days dietary regimen, which was calculated by application Nutriservis. Dietary regimen was necessary for the second task of the work. The researched file contained fifteen individuals with BMI above thirty. Group was between twenty-six to forty-eight years of age with average of thirty-six-year-old. Age of the control group was in average thirty-five with span between twenty-four and fifty. There from evaluation of data we can tell that obese people have a lack of wholegrain cereal, insufficiency amount of fruits, vegetables, and legume. Average consumption of dietary fibre is twelve point seven grams per day. Most of the respondents didn't even qualify up to fifty percent of recommended dietary fibre per day, which is fifteen grams. Control group had more dietary fibre then recommended amount of obese respondents by seven point seven grams per day. Twenty-six point seven percent of control group didn't reach to consuming fifty percent of dietary fibre per day. Difference between two already mentions groups is regularity of feeding, frequency of applying particular sorts of food and drink preferences.
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Evaluation the suitability of edibles which are most often part of the snack of pupils aged between 11 and 15 from selected school
Zemanová, Adéla ; Váchová, Alena (advisor) ; Hanušová, Jaroslava (referee)
The bachelor's thesis deals with snacks of secondary school pupils. The research problem is the difference between recommended healthy snacks and their real eating habits. The aim of the practical part is to evaluate the eating habits of pupils aged between 11 and 15 years during breaks. Find out what the children are bringing for their snacks, what they are really eating and who is preparing their snacks. Then compare the types of food in a school snack, whether it is sweet or salty and theirs drinking habits. Quantitative research was conducted to obtain the necessary research data. The research was carried out at a selected elementary school by way of an anonymous questionnaire survey in paper form. The research involved 135 respondents, out of that 130 questionnaires were used. Gathered sample consisted of 53.1% women and 46.9% men. Almost all of respondents bring a snack to school every day, 2 respondents never bring one and others occasionally. Most often they bring a snack so that they are not hungry at school, because they are hungry or so that they can eat. The most common snack is buttered bread, with fruit and/or vegetables, the second most common snack is buttered bread with fruit and/or vegetables and biscuits and/or sweets. The drinking habits are insufficient for about three quarters...
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Effect of formal and informal nutrition education on the dietary habits of high-school students
Husák, Martin ; Váchová, Alena (advisor) ; Kočí, Jana (referee)
The bachalor thesis focuses on the effects of formal nutrition education on the theoretical knowledge of learners and its subsequent application in their daily meal choices. It aims at students of a selected grammar school and a selected vocational school. The goal was to find out whether or not vocational school learners have better knowledge than grammar school learners and if their knowledge transfers into practice. The research sample of a questionnaire survey consisted of 199 students. According to its outcome, the knowledge of the topic proven by vocational school learners does not significantly differ from the knowledge of their grammar school counterparts. Despite the lack of formal nutrition education at the grammar school, it is the learners of the grammar school who have the better knowledge. KEYWORDS diet, grammar school, specialized secondary school, dietary habits, nutrition, education
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