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The objectification of postural function of abdominal muscles
Novák, Jakub ; Kobesová, Alena (advisor) ; Davídek, Pavel (referee)
This thesis evaluates the possibility of using objective measurements to assess the postural function of abdominal muscles. The theoretical part provides an overview of findings regarding postural function of the abdominal muscles and the context for their co-activation using intra-abdominal pressure. The results are summarized in the form of research studies relating postural function and low back pain (LBP). The overview of the methods used to measure intra-abdominal pressure and the abdominal muscle activity is the main focus. In this section, we present a new methodology for measuring the activity of the abdominal muscles by using pressure sensors attached to the abdominal wall in the areas of the groin and the lumbar triangle. Methodology: In the experimental part, we tested 35 healthy subjects (average age 21.26t, SD ± 1,62) in 3 posturally different seated scenarios: 1. resting breathing, 2. with added external load (the subjects held a dumbbell 20% of their body weight) and 3. with maximum voluntary increase in intra-abdominal pressure (the diaphragm test). Results: An independent samples t-test indicated that the pressure created by the abdominal wall for both sensors in situation resting breathing increases in situation external load (HA1: upper sensor p=0.0079, lower sensor p=0.0009). We...
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Manipulation in education
Coufal, Jan ; Bendl, Stanislav (advisor) ; Syřiště, Ivo (referee)
The diploma thesis describes the topic of manipulation in connection with education. Theoretical part analyzes the concept and related essential phenomena and approaches the links between manipulation and education. Mainly, it draws from pedagogical literature, in its social and philosophical context. Qualitative research is based on interviews with primary school teachers. The aim of the survey was to bring closer how educators perceive manipulation in the school environment based on their experience. The results show that manipulation itself manifests, with a few exceptions, as normal part of the educational process. Teachers manipulate pupils directly during teaching. Some of them consider it present at the moment when they apply coercion to pupils, others as more hidden procedures. They perceive manipulation mainly as harmful, which is why some teachers try to avoid it. At the same time, it is partly viewed as a necessary part of normal teaching. Therefore,the phenomenon of manipulation appears to be variously understood. The unifying sign of manipulation is the perception of its realization from a position of power. It is mainly used with the aim of facilitating the education process. KEYWORDS Manipulation, enforcement, objectification, intencionality, education
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Gender aspect of playing video games
Fousek Krobová, Tereza ; Reifová, Irena (advisor) ; Fárová, Nina (referee) ; Černohorská, Vanda (referee)
This dissertation deals with various gender aspects of playing computer games. It describes how gender stereotypes are connected with the level of production, content, and with the players themselves. In this sense, it shows that games are still created mainly by homogeneous male teams, in order to attract male players, they contain mainly male characters, while the female ones are created to be attractive to these ideal male players. However, the primary goal of this dissertation is to describe the different ways and intensities of the relationship with the avatar, the playable character in the game. The analytical part consists of two illustrative case studies, one concerning female heterosexual players, the other male heterosexual players. The basic premise is the fact that the player "plays gender" - that is, performs it similarly to social reality. However, this performance is not just a reconstruction and confirmation of hypothetically stable gender identities, but on the contrary their deconstruction ("playing with gender"). In this sense, the work pays particular attention to situations where the player and the avatar have different genders and the heterosexual player, therefore, identifies with the avatar but also objectifies him/her. This dissertation aims to emphasize the uniqueness of...
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Correlation between clinical evaluation by functional postural tests and ability to activate abdominal wall measured by digital pressure sensors
Stříbrný, Martin ; Jačisko, Jakub (advisor) ; Kobesová, Alena (referee)
The theoretical part of the diploma thesis describes the role of abdominal muscles in intra-abdominal pressure and the effect on postural stabilization. The issue of postural stabilization was analyzed in a physiological situation and frequent pathologies related with inadequate postural stabilization have been described. The current possibilities of evaluating the activity of abdominal muscles and intra-abdominal pressure were presented. Methodology: 25 healthy probands (mean age 22.4 years, SD ± 1.76) were evaluated in five posturally different situations - breathing stereotype test, intra-abdominal pressure regulation test, diaphragm test, hip flexion test and arm elevation test. Testing was performed with a prototype of the DNS Brace digital pressure sensor. The resulting pressure values of the abdominal wall expansion were correlated with the corresponding postural tests according to the DNS concept, which were performed by two DNS instructors with more than five years of experience. Results: A statistically significant correlation (p = 0.001 to 0.24) between abdominal wall pressure values and palpation-evaluated postural tests was demonstrated in four of the five tested positions. Correlation was strong in diaphragm test (r = 0.75 and 0.661) and mean in other tests (r = 0.567 to 0.415). Only...
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People as objects of entertainment industry - Objectificationof human body in enteratining media contents
Lipoldová, Anna ; Soukup, Martin (advisor) ; Lütke Notarp, Ulrike (referee)
Diploma thesis People as objects of showbusiness examines the problematics of objectifying of human bodies in the world of showbusiness. The main purpose is to warn about the existence of objectification and related sexualization of human body, which is often presented in media such as print, advertisements, on the internet or on television. The author chose to analyse this phenomenon on case of television show Your Face Sounds Familiar (translated as Tvoje Tvář Má Známý Hlas) based on her own experiences which she gained in past while participating on the creation of this project. Next to a content analysis, which is supposed to reveal specific signs of objectification on television screens, the author also carried out a participant observation during the preparations of the broadcast. The purpose of the observation was to reveal to public how such television formats emergence and to determine if the phenomenon of objectification is also present in the show's background. To finalise the practical research, she adds in-depth interviews with some of the artists who participated in the making of chosen television broadcast. These interviews reflect their way of thinking about objectification of their own bodies and show their perspective on this phenomenon in wider frame.
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The objectification of postural function of abdominal muscles
Novák, Jakub ; Kobesová, Alena (advisor) ; Davídek, Pavel (referee)
This thesis evaluates the possibility of using objective measurements to assess the postural function of abdominal muscles. The theoretical part provides an overview of findings regarding postural function of the abdominal muscles and the context for their co-activation using intra-abdominal pressure. The results are summarized in the form of research studies relating postural function and low back pain (LBP). The overview of the methods used to measure intra-abdominal pressure and the abdominal muscle activity is the main focus. In this section, we present a new methodology for measuring the activity of the abdominal muscles by using pressure sensors attached to the abdominal wall in the areas of the groin and the lumbar triangle. Methodology: In the experimental part, we tested 35 healthy subjects (average age 21.26t, SD ± 1,62) in 3 posturally different seated scenarios: 1. resting breathing, 2. with added external load (the subjects held a dumbbell 20% of their body weight) and 3. with maximum voluntary increase in intra-abdominal pressure (the diaphragm test). Results: An independent samples t-test indicated that the pressure created by the abdominal wall for both sensors in situation resting breathing increases in situation external load (HA1: upper sensor p=0.0079, lower sensor p=0.0009). We...
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Social Construction of Species superiority
Klicnar, Filip ; Vandrovcová, Tereza (advisor) ; Balon, Jan (referee)
This thesis charts the social construction of species superiority in the Euro-Atlantic civilizational area. The goal is to describe the process of construction of this superiority and simultaneously to describe the impact of it. The beginning of the species superiority was domestication of the wild animals. Second defining moment was the transition from a traditional into industrial society, in which the animals where materialized and considered to be an object in trading relationships, as well as the belief in legitimate use of animals for economic purposes in the society. This belief is thoroughly irrational. Throughout the process of reality construction the society begun to perceive the given status as natural and right. In order to escape the question of ethical contradiction it has crowded out the negative aspects of that reality from the perception of its members, in which some psychological mechanisms are helping individuals to escape the reality. The final chapter of this thesis charts the conditions that have made the Holocaust possible and on which our modern rational-economic system lays ground. These conditions are being preserved in the "nature" of the economic system itself.
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