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Samovolné šíření introdukovaných dřevin v zámeckém parku v Lednici
Hutko, Tomáš
This thesis deals with the introduction of woody plants from the past to the present. In addition to basic terminology, it focuses on the biological nature of generative and vegetative distribution of plants, especially woody plants. It addresses the spontaneous spread of non-native plant taxa, especially woody plants in the Czech and Slovak Republics. It provides a broader view of the benefits and negatives, both from the point of view of landscape architecture and from other disciplines, within the scope of deliberately using or suppressing this property. It solves the general regime and specifics within the possibility of their suitable cultivation, both in parks and in the open country. The practical part of the thesis is focused on the creation of the methodology of field investigation for the registration of individual taxa selection in the park. With the help of the developed method of field investigation it focuses on the taxa of introduced woody plants in the Lednice park. In the results, it provides a set of individualized inventory items, along with some of them, and then interpreting the results using graphs and tables. Part of the results is also a graphically processed map from the field survey by locating the evaluated items in the park.
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Recent diagnostic challenges in schistosmiasis
Liberdová, Jana ; Chanová, Marta (advisor) ; Horák, Petr (referee)
Schistosomiasis is debilitating waterborne helminthiasis of global medical and veterinary importance. It is caused by digenetic trematodes of the genus Schistosoma. More than 250 million people are currently infected, and 700 million people are at daily risk of acquiring this neglected tropical disease. Schistosomiasis is prevalent mostly in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in poor communities living in impoverished conditions with limited access to safe water. The global control of this disease relies on single drug-oriented preventive chemotherapy campaigns. Changing epidemiological situation together with the general nature of this parasitosis (long-term development in several phases, multiorgan pathogenesis with complex manifestations) makes its diagnosis difficult. Current diagnostic standards may be unreliable in many specific settings, and their universal use needs to be reconsidered. In schistosomiasis diagnostics, the choice of specific methodology should be made accordingly to the particular situation requirements. The present thesis reviews recent approaches and challenges in schistosomiasis diagnostics. Key words: schistosomiasis, diagnostics, neglected diseases, global control, elimination
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The occurence and adverse health effects of acrylamide in food
Grassová, Sandra ; Bušová, Milena (advisor) ; Holcátová, Ivana (referee)
AJ Acrylamide belongs to the group of process contaminants originating in foods with a high carbohydrate content during the heat process, as baking, frying, grilling, etc. For people is industrially producing acrylamide neurotoxic and according to IARC is classified probably as human carcinogen. Acrylamide which is occured in foods, probably makes up 1/3 of daily energy supply. The Bachelor thesis tries to give a comprehensive overview in the theoretical part information about Acrylamide - a description of its physical and chemical character, possibility of its industrial use, possibility of its exposure and dietary intake, information on its toxicity, occurrence and incidence in foods, the way of its elimination and finally its posibility of analytical determination. In the laboratory, the amount of acrylamide was determinated by the LC/MS method in selected foods. Of the 42 samples, acrylamide was not detected in 2 samples of extruded breakfast cereals. The lowest content of acrylamide was determined in extruded breakfast cereals (45 μg.kg-1 ), roasted muesli and cornflakes. The amount of acrylamide in these commodities ranged from 45-279 μg.kg-1 . Average values Acrylamide were contained in biscuits. The highest values were measured for potato chips and corn popcorn, from 83 to 1550 μg.kg-1 and...
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Elimination of alcohol in blood of patients treated with coumarin drugs
Kahounová, Jana ; Vopršalová, Marie (advisor) ; Trejtnar, František (referee)
CHARLES UNIVERSITY Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Student: Jana Kahounová Supervizor: Doc. PharmDr. Marie Vopršálová, Ph.D. Ing. Jaroslav Procházka Title of diploma thesis: ELIMINATION OF ALKOHOL IN BLOOD OF PATIENTS TREATED WITH COUMARIN DRUGS Coumarin preparations are the most commonly used oral anticoagulants. The main representative is Warfarin. The most important function of warfarin is to reduce the formation of K-dependent coagulation factors in the liver. Alcohol is the oldest and most widely used addictive substance. Alcohol is the oldest and most commonly used substance. Society is tolerated and regular use of small doses of alcohol is considered "beneficial to health". The aim of my thesis was to find out how the concomitant use of coumarin drugs and alcohol interacts. There were tested 62 people (33 men and 29 women), of whom 27 people (14 men and 13 women) were treated with coumarin drugs, 35 people (19 men and 16 women) formed the control group of individuals without treatment with coumarin drugs. All people were given a standard dose of alcohol. The blood alcohol level (COBAS INTEGRA 400 plus) and INR (SYSMEX CA 1500) were measured in the time-0 (before administration), 1½ and 3 hours (after administration). The data obtained was...
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Diagnosis of high voltage capacitors for cascade voltage multiplier
Baev, Dmitriy ; Zatloukal, Miroslav (referee) ; Krbal, Michal (advisor)
The main subject of the final thesis is to find a suitable method for measuring the partial discharge (PD) in the dielectric of high-voltage capacitor. In the theoretical part of thesis contains from the mechanisms of origin and the harmful effects of partial discharge at high voltage insulation of capacitor. It describes the global galvanic method of partial discharge measurement, the principle of cascade voltage multiplier, its main components (high-voltage capacitor and diode). Nowadays are presented the possibilities of measuring the quality of capacitors for voltage multipliers. In the experimental part of the diploma thesis is familiar with the diagnostics of high – voltage capacitors by means of laboratory measurements on the electronic bridge and with the help of partial discharge measurement system. It describes the design of a suitable electrode arrangement that eliminates the influence of the corona, which makes it impossible to measure partial discharges and the dissipation factor tg . The thesis analyzes the obtained data from measurements and determines the quality level or the degradation of the measured capacitors. The result of the project should be designed the methodology for finding poor quality capacitors in order to increase the reliability of the voltage multiplier.
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Environmental aspects heating
Vypušťáková, Veronika ; Poláčik, Ján (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
The topic of this bachelor´s thesis is ecological impacts of heating. The first part contains information on selected pollutants that adversely affect the environment and human health. The second part is devoted to the comparison of pollutants in boilers for solid, liquid and gaseous fuels. The last third part focuses on proposals for measures to eliminate undesirable effects of pollutants.
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Diagnosis of high voltage capacitors for cascade voltage multiplier
Baev, Dmitriy ; Špinka, Jiří (referee) ; Krbal, Michal (advisor)
The main subject of the final thesis is to find a suitable method for measuring the partial discharge (PD) in the dielectric of high-voltage capacitor. In the theoretical part of my thesis contains from the mechanisms of origin and the harmful effects of partial discharge at high voltage insulation of capacitor. It describes the global galvanic method of partial discharge measurement, the principle of cascade voltage multiplier, its main components are high-voltage capacitor and diode, facilities quality measurement of capacitors for voltage multipliers, advantages and disadvantages and principles of HIPOTRONICS DDX-8003 with the pulse discrimination system. In the experimental part of the diploma thesis is familiar with the diagnostics of high – voltage capacitors by means of laboratory measurements on the electronic bridge and with the help of partial discharge measurement system. Design of suitable electrode arrangement is described which eliminates the influence of corona which makes it impossible to measure partial discharges and the dissipation factor (tg ). Analysis data from measurement and determination of quality level, eventual degradation of measured capacitors. The result of this project should be designed the methodology for finding of poor – quality capacitors in order to increase the reliability of the voltage multiplier.
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Ecology of Calamagrostis epigejos (L.) Roth
Vachová, Pavla ; Hejcman, Michal (advisor)
Ecology of expansion species is still a hot topic. The antropogenic landscape gradually occurred since the Neolithic . The result has been a change in the structure of plant communities and the successful expansion of species such as Calamagrostis epigejos.
C. epigejos is expansive, perennial, long-stemmed, rhizomatous grass. Its important characteristic are very large ecological amplitude, high biomass production and a ability adjust habitat conditions.
Experiments and studies that are included in dissertation, have the following basic objectives: (1) Investigate the expansion of C. epigejos in plant community. (2) Investigate the theoretical degree of stability of this phytocenosis. (3) Determine the response of C. epigejos to nutrients availability. (4) Test of possibility eliminating of C. epigejos. (5) Suggest a practical use of C. epigeos.
Primarily, we monitored the reaction of interest species to management (aplication of N, P, K nutrients, mowing in various combinations). We were interested in its behavior in the plant community. It founded field and pot experiment. Results of field experiment were also used to calculate the theoretical measure of the stability of individual variants. Further research has been directed at eliminating C. epigejos using wireworms (Elateridae larvae species). The study which uses C epigejos for monitoring of deposition of heavy metals, has shown that aspects of the global expansion of the grass are not always negative.
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Studium vlivu mykotoxinů na užitkovost a zdraví zvířat
ŠNOBROVÁ, Ivana
This project is about mycotoxins, their effect on health and productivity of livestock, farm animals. Mycotoxins are the toxic secondary metabolites produced by wide scope of microscopic filamentous fungi. Those are first of all Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium genera. The first part project deals with the history, formation and occurrence of mycotoxins in various commodites. Then are described division of mycotoxins. Essential part of project is profile individual mycotoxins and their effect for pigs, cattle and poultry. Emphasis is also placed on preventative measures and the possibility of eliminating mycotoxins. There are legislation and limits in the end.
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Noise suppression of six pole induction machine
Lexa, Jakub ; Janda, Marcel (referee) ; Ondrůšek, Čestmír (advisor)
This thesis deals with noise of electromagnetic origin of six pole three-phases induction machine. Task thesis was rendering literature review. Analysis of the problem consists of various analytical calculations using Matlab and subsequent comparison of results with measured data on real induction machine. The last part of thesis is a summary of conditions for induction machine with low noise.
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