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Geographic variability in the size of maternity colonies of cave bats
Oppelová, Tereza ; Lučan, Radek (advisor) ; Andreas, Michal (referee)
Main goal of this thesis was to compare geographical variability of sizes of colonies in the relationship with the type of roost of 6 models of originally cave bats species: Greater mouse-eared bat (Myotis myotis), Geoffroy's bat (Myotis emarginatus), Common bent-wing bat (Miniopterus schreibersii), Greater horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum), Lesser horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus hipposideros) a Mediterranean horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus euryale). The selected data set was also analyzed the possible influence of the composition of land cover in roosts around the variability of the size of the colonies. Based on compilation of literature and active communication with regional bat-monitoring coordinators, entries about size of colonies from 2 603 locations in 24 countries of Europe were collected. 1 952 entries were from roosts in buildings and 651 from caves. Based on statistical analysis, conclusive influence of type of roost on size of colonies by M. schreibersii, M. myotis a R. hipposideros was discovered. While in M. schreibersii and M. myotis are human colonies in smaller buildings, in R. hipposideros by contrast, they are larger. Simultaneously, north-west gradient in geographical distribution of maternal bat- colonies in dependence on type of roost (caves vs. buildings): in southern areas...
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Spanish-Dutch relations in the New World during the existence of the West-Indische Compagnie
Kubátová, Eva ; Křížová, Markéta (advisor) ; Skřivan, Aleš (referee) ; Marek, Pavel (referee)
Spanish-Dutch Relations in the New World during the Existence of the West Indische Compagnie Eva Kubátová Abstract This dissertation is dedicated to the Spanish-Dutch relations in the New World during the existence of the first Dutch West India Company (1621-1674). On base of an imagological analysis, this thesis presents elements of mutual relations, reflected in hetero-images, together with self-representation of both analyzed parties (thus self-image) within the ongoing conflict of the Eighty Years' War. The imagological analysis is applied on archival material, chiefly the Dutch pamphlets and Spanish Relaciones de sucesos (which can be translated as "Treatises of Successes"). The result of this thesis is then an analysis of development and changes of mutual images, upon the historical events of the Spanish-Dutch war conflict: thus since the beginnings of the Dutch Revolt, passing through the Twelve Years' Truce, until the signature of the Peace of Westphalia in 1648. A special emphasis is put to the final phase of the Eighty Years' War, in this thesis delimited by the years 1621-1648, which was marked by the official entrance of the West India Company into the Spanish waters of Greater Caribbean. An important watershed in mutual relations is afterwards represented by the Peace of Westphalia, which...
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Contribution to the Study of the History of English Colonies in North America with the Special Regard to the Ways of Their Administration
Přívozník, František ; Kovář, Martin (advisor) ; Valkoun, Jaroslav (referee)
The thesis lays emphasis on the establishment and exercise of English colonial policy and authority in Virginia during the 17th century. The thesis deals with the political bodies, administrative structure and framework of political system. Primarily is focused on the character, activity, the causes of conflicts and their resolutions. The thesis concentrates on the relations among the leading institutions in Virginia; e.g. Governor, Council of State, General Assembly, but also between Virginia and England. Further, tries to get hold of the ways of appointment of the governors, councillors and election of the burgesses. The thesis also describes the origin and development of the county and local system. Keywords: England, colonies, colonial administration, North America, the Stuarts, 17th century,
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Extracellular matrix in yeast populations
Novotná, Pavla ; Kuthan, Martin (advisor) ; Dvořáček, Lukáš (referee)
The microorganisms in a natural environment are frequently found in multicellular forms, most commonly in biofilms. Biofilm is characterized as a community of cells living at the interface of two environments, embedded in the extracellular matrix. ECM is a significant component of biofilms in yeast populations. Extracellular matrix acts as a protective barrier and allows cells to survive under adverse conditions and better compete with other microorganisms. It also forms an effective barrier against antibiotics and other harmful substances, what makes biofilms a serious problem in medicine and industry. Formation of the matrix may be influenced by the morphological forms of colonies. Increased formation of ECM is commonly connected in phenotypic switching in response to changes of their living conditions. The compositeion of the ECM is a genus-and species-specific. The main component of the matrix consists of polysaccharides and proteins.
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European Painters of Native Tribes
Zámečníková, Kristýna ; Rychlík, Martin (advisor) ; Soukup, Martin (referee)
The subject of a thesis is theoretical analysis of artistic work of two painters who as first ones showed in early modern Europe the visual appearance of the American native tribes. French Jacques le Moyne de Morgues and English John White were colonization pioneers of the New world in the second half of 16th century. Their work was extended through engravings of Theodor de Bry, Flemish engraver, after their return to the Old continent. Though the engraver purposely manipulated with their pictures - he edited the images and added various details. The thesis also deals with question what was the main intention of the Flemish engraver. Methodological resource was collecting information and text interpretation. The purpose of the thesis is familiarization with life and work of the European painters who as first ones depicted American Indian tribes and with activity of Theodor de Bry who extended their work in Europe. Key words: The New world, Indians, colonies, painters, artistic value.
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The Communist Party and Colonial Question in Inter-war France
Chlebounová, Tereza ; Matějka, Ondřej (advisor) ; Perottino, Michel (referee)
The thesis deals with the attitude of the French Communist Party (PCF) to the colonial issue in the era of inter-war France. It tries to map the development of this attitude and factors which influenced it. It also aims to make a periodization of the development and determine landmarks which divided its stages. The French Communist Party was the only political party in inter-war France which contested the right of the powers to own colonies and it called for their immediate independence. The thesis analyses whether this opinion stemmed from the inner conviction, whether the Party really advocated it throughout the whole period of interest and whether it actively promoted it in practise or it was rather just a rhetoric. The thesis is divided chronologically into three chapters delimited by events which were crucial for the shape of PCF's colonial policy. The first chapter begins with the foundation of the Party in 1920 and it studies the way communist colonial policy was formed. The second part deals with period 1924-1935 when the Party increased its activity due to the colonial conflict in Morocco. The third chapter aims to describe the evolution of the attitude of the PFC towards the colonies while the international tension was rising. It starts in 1935 when the Popular Front was created in France...
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Origins of vertebrate hematiopoiesis
Svoboda, Ondřej ; Bartůněk, Petr (advisor) ; Divoký, Vladimír (referee) ; Živný, Jan (referee)
(ENGLISH) Hematopoiesis is dependent on the actions of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). This process is tightly controlled through a complex array of extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Even though the hematopoiesis seems to be well conserved across the disparate vertebrate animals, erythroid and thrombocytic differentiation have changed during the evolution of mammals. Specifically, adult mammalian red blood cells have the unique feature of being enucleated, and mammalian thrombocytes are not individual cells, but fragments of megakaryocytes, instead. It is likely that these enhancements provided a survival advantage to early mammalian species; however, they also bring up the question of evolutionary origin of these cells that studied using zebrafish (Danio rerio) model. First, it was necessary to generate a toolbox of a recombinant cytokines and optimized culture media that allowed us to manipulate zebrafish hematopoietic cells ex vivo in liquid and clonal cultures. Interestingly, teleost species underwent an extra duplication event during their evolution and as a result, two copies (paralogs) of some of the genes are present in zebrafish. This was also the case for majority of the cytokines from our toolbox and here, we provide functional characterization of these paralogs. Strikingly, our results...
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The effect of colonialism on the Commonwealth of Nation´s economy
Fialová, Barbora ; Cihelková, Eva (advisor) ; Bič, Josef (referee)
The objective of this thesis is to find out, whether historical colonial relationships have some impacts on today's world economy. I concentrated myself on British Empire and consequently rising British Commonwealth of Nations. First of all, historical contexts connected with colonialism are discussed, than specifics of British colonialism are characterised. Also the decolonisation is mentioned as the end of this historical period. Later on, the thesis is dealing with Commonwealth itself. In the last chapter the contemporary relationships within the Commonwealth are analysed.
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