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Electoral Geography of Poland After 1989
Šulc, Jan ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Kubát, Michal (referee)
The rigorous thesis Electoral Geography of Poland After 1989. The Spatial Dimension of the Results of Presidential Elections and Elections to the Sejm of the Republic of Poland explores the spatial distribution of patterns of electoral behavior in Poland on the basis of analysis of the results of all presidential elections and elections to the Sejm that took place in the country between the years 1990-2011. The main hypothesis tested in this rigorous thesis is that former boundaries between Russia, Prussia (Germany) and Austria (Austria-Hungary), between which the territory of modern-day Poland was divided in the 19th century, still have an impact on Poland's electoral geography. On the basis of this hypothesis political parties and presidential candidates are divided into two pre-defined categories: traditionalist and modernist. The validity of the hypothesis is then proven by visual analysis of political parties' and presidential candidates' electoral maps, and also by the application of Pearson's correlation coefficient on political parties' electoral results from constituencies and presidential candidates' electoral results from voivodships. In contemporary Poland a clear rift exists between the parts of the country formerly dominated by Prussia (Germany) and major Polish cities on the one hand (also...
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Comparison of party system development in Czechk republic and in Slovak republic.
Kučerová, Kateřina ; Stracený, Josef (advisor) ; Hauser, Michael (referee)
The master thesis "Comparison of the development of party systems in the Czech Republic and in the Slovak Republic in 2010-2020" is focused on the analysis of the development of the Czech and Slovak party system in the years 2010-2020 and their mutual comparison. So the milestone for the analysis was the years 2010-2020. During this period there were fundamental changes in the Czech and Slovak party systems, which was the main reason for choosing this topic. The individual periods of development of both party systems will be defined by parliamentary elections to the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic and to the National Council of the Slovak Republic. The analysis is based on the methods mentioned in the theoretical part of the work and on the classical typologies of party systems of M. Duverger, J. Blondel and G. Sartori. In the analysis itself, electoral statistics, surveys of electoral preferences and media sources are largely used. Among the main criteria for the analysis, the number and size of political parties and their relevance were determined. The relevance means the determination of coalition or blackmail potential. Furthermore, the degree of fragmentation of the party system and the main cleavages will be determined. The comparison will be based on an analysis...
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Democratic stability in Costa Rica
Caltová, Anna ; Soukup, Jaromír (advisor) ; Krausz Hladká, Malvína (referee)
- bachelor thesis Democratic Stability in Costa Rica Autor: Anna Caltová This bachelor thesis deals with the stability of democracy in Costa Rica. The aim was to find out how stable is democracy in this Latin American country and to try to estimate whether it is in danger of democratic collapse in the near future. J. Schumpeter's minimum definition, which was supplemented by the work of Robert A. Dahl was used to define the concept of democracy. Using the study Why Democracies Collapse: The Reasons for Democratic Failure and Success by Abraham Diskin, Hanna Diskin and Reuven Y. Hazan, five factors were selected to analyze the stability of democracy in Costa Rica. These factors included: historical experience with democracy, cleavages, the state of the country's economy, the stability of cabinet, and finally the pressure from foreign actors on domestic policy. The results of the work suggest that, except for the state of the economy, Costa Rica is in a relatively good position. Although the country's economy is sufficiently productive, its management by Costa Rican government, coupled with the unequal distribution of wealth among citizens and the economic recession caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, may result in a fall to dangerous levels. Because a study by Diskin et al clearly states that one...
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Československý stranický systém mezi roky 1918 až 1938 pohledem teorie konfliktních linií
STAREC, Jan
This bachelor thesis focuses on the application of the concept of cleavages to the party system of the First Czechoslovak Republic. The concept of cleavages is a political instrument that allows us to examine the formation and functioning of political parties and party systems. The authorship is attributed to Norwegian political scientist Stein Rokkan, who co-operated with American sociologist Seymour Martin Lipset. Together, they published the book "Party Systems and Voter Alignments: Cross-national Perspectives" in 1967, where they outlined how political parties were formed during the 19th and the early 20th century. The bachelor thesis is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is devoted to the phenomenon of political parties. The second chapter is devoted to the theory of cleavages, but also to other Rokkan's theoretical concepts. In the third chapter, the author presents the history of political and party systems before and after 1918. The last chapter deals with the application of the theory of cleavages to the party system of the First Czechoslovak Republic.
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The Slovak political parties and the elections in 2016
Marjenka, Ján ; Perottino, Michel (advisor) ; Švec, Kamil (referee)
This diploma thesis is focused on the topic of cleavages and their development in the Slovakian party system and society. The thesis chronologically interprets the evolution from the year 1990 until the current years, specifically until the 2016 election. In the beginning, the Slovakian party system and society were split up, similarly to other post-communist countries going from communism to anticommunism. When this topic is solved, other traditional cleavages come to mind as they are as well described by classical theoreticians. These cleavages can be activated by themselves, or become less important through time and social and political development. Other studies or thesis of Slovakian authors prove this idea. This known development is usually only addressed until the year 2012, that is why the main aim of this thesis is to analyze, continue with other results and find out how the situation regarding this issue has evolved before the election in 2016. It is important to analyze cleavages and other topics which divide the society and political parties from the point of view of the effect the cleavages have on the stability of the party system. It influences the number of them and the relationships between them which can be cumulative or cross cutting. Since then it is possible to determine...
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Development of the Czech party system between 2010-2013
Korbel, Tomáš ; Brunclík, Miloš (advisor) ; Mlejnek, Josef (referee)
The master thesis "Development of the Czech party system between 2010-2013" focuses on an analysis of the state of the Czech party system with an emphasis on political developments over the past few years as well as the last two Czech Parliamentary elections in 2010 and 2013. The results of the elections deviate from the long term developments in the country since the 1990s and the fall of the communist regime. The goal of this work is to define phases which capture the essential developments of the Czech party system and what trends it currently demonstrates using quantitative methods which will help us to calculate things such as the index of the effective number of parties in the party system. The main question that this work will try to answer is whether or not we can consider the Czech party system to be consolidated.
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Polish Politics and its Polarization after Smolensk
Harzer, Filip ; Koubek, Jiří (advisor) ; Doubek, Vratislav (referee)
This bachelor thesis analyzes influence of the Smolensk aircraft catastrophe on Polish politics. Work is based on the analysis of internal political development and changes in the political language of the relevant actors and it identifies sources of polarization of Polish politics after 2010. Theoretical framework is an attempt of Tomasz Zarycki to synthesise Rokkan's and Lipset's theory of cleavages with Kitschelt's concept of political conflict. The main part is an analysis of the language of political actors which includes selected events in the period between the catastrophy and the end of 2011. Key words Polarization, cleavages, centre, periphery, Smolensk, Poland, Civic Platform, Law and Justice, Kaczyński, Tusk
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Cleavage politics and Europeanisation-induced transformation of the national political space - the case of the Czech Republic
Stahl, Cosimo ; Vykoukal, Jiří (advisor) ; Cibulková, Petra (referee) ; Hanley, Seán (referee)
Bibliographic note STAHL, C. (2014): Cleavage Politics and Europeanisation-induced transformation of the national political space - The Case of the Czech Republic, 94 p. Master thesis, Charles University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of International Studies. Supervisor: doc. PhDr. Jiří Vykoukal, CSc. Abstract This research seeks to map the national political space and assess the prevailing cleavage patterns in the Czech Republic. Processes of globalisation and Europeanisation have left their imprint in Western Europe - splitting the electorate into winners and losers of globalisation and denationalisation. This demarcation vs. integration magnet is also relevant in the CEE region - altering and reshuffling the underlying structure of party competition and EU contestation. By employing quantitative content analysis of print media the prevailing issue and cleavage dimensions will be reconstructed both during early stages of democratic transition (1996 Parliamentary elections) and after the 2004-EU-enlargement (2010 elections). While the political discourse and politics in the 1990s are primarily structured by issues of economic transition and post-communist transformation (underlying the classical socio-economic cleavage between market and state), in 2010 also cultural and post-materialist political...
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