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Definition of new referential values of maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressures and P0.1 values in normal population aged 14 - 15 years
Kepková, Jana ; Šulc, Jan (advisor) ; Koudelková, Alena (referee)
The aim of this study is definition reference values including reference equations for parameters PImax, PEmax and P0.1 of the normal Czech population aged 14-15 years. 102 subjects were examined for this purpose (55 boys and 47 girls). Except the reference values for boys and girls, this work includes correlations of mouth pressures with anthropometric data and also with other spirometric parameters. In case of boys were found a significant correlation of PEmax parameter with weight, BMI and PEF. In group of boys we also found a correlation of PImax with BMI and PImax with IC. Parameter P0.1 correlates only with VT. In group of girls we found a significant correlations of PImax, PEmax and P0.1 with PEF and MEF25.
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Effect of breathing training and DNS on lower esophageal sphincter and back pain in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease
Jandáková, Vladana ; Mádle, Kateřina (advisor) ; Babková, Lenka (referee)
This thesis focuses on lower esophageal sphincter and low back pain in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Common etiological factor of both GERD and low back pain frequently present in GERD patients is diaphragm dysfunction. Diaphragm fulfils respiratory, postural and sphincter functions, all these functions are interrelated which we benefit from in therapy. Theoretical section presents anatomy of the esophagus, upper and lower esophageal sphincters, diaphragm, follows etiology, diagnostic methods and treatment of GERD and LBP as well as common therapeutical approach by means of postural and respiratory physiotherapy. Basic principles of Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization and Respiratory muscle training are presented and their use in the treatment of GERD and LBP. Practical section contains a case study of a patient diagnosed with GERD, kinesiological analysis, high resolution manometry of esophagus and therapy focused on diaphragm activation achieved by improving trunk stabilization and by optimising patient's breathing stereotype.
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Relationship between pulmonary function and function of the diaphragm in patients with obstructive pulmonary disease
Hellebrandová, Lenka ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Smolíková, Libuše (referee) ; Herget, Jan (referee)
Problém: Obstrukce dýchacích cest a průtoková limitace, způsobená chronickou obstrukční plicní nemocí (CHOPN) nebo astma bronchiale (AB), může způsobit změny tvaru, pozice a pohybů bránice v důsledku zvýšení plicních objemů. Hypotézy: U pacientů s obstrukčním respiračním onemocněním se bude funkce bránice lišit oproti kontrolní skupině zdravých jedinců, což se projeví na jejím postavení a rozsahu pohybu. Existuje vztah mezi plicními funkcemi a polohou a pohyby bránice. Cíl: Cílem práce bylo zjistit, zda pozice, tvar a pohyby bránice u ležících pacientů s průtokovou limitací během maximálních dechových a posturálních manévrů se liší od tvaru, pozice a pohybů bránice za stejné situace u jedinců bez patologie respiračního systému. Zkoumali jsme rozdíly mezi pacienty s CHOPN, pacienty s AB a zdravými jedinci. Cílem bylo také stanovit tyto vztahy v kontextu vážnosti průtokové limitace, resp. obstrukce dechových cest. Metodika: Soubor tvořily 3 skupiny probandů, celkem 31 dospělých: 10 jedinců s klinicky stabilním AB (5 žen a 5 můžů), 11 jedinců s klinicky stabilním, středně těžkým CHOPN (7 mužu a 4 ženy) a kontrolní skupinu tvořilo 10 zdravých jedinců (5 mužů a 5 žen). Všichni probandi podstoupili komplexní měření plicních funkcí a kardiopulmonální zátežové vyšetření. Bránici jsme vyšetřovali pomocí...
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Impact of a posture on the vocal performance
Koverdynský, Luděk
The aim of the dissertation thesis is to clarify the impact of a posture on the quality of voice performance. Through the method of a natural experiment, the authors carries out a research about the importance of a postural function in connection to building up basic voice skills. We will observe, both from theoretical and practical point of view if and through which means can we influence the incorrect postural habits and how these changes affect voice performance. The methodological handbook is a natural output which takes into account the relation of the postural function, breath and its development with assistance of vocal hearing as a corrector of the quality of voice performance. The outcomes of the research that helped to verify the new methodological approach approved correctness of suggested methods and their general validity. As a result, a knowledgeable teacher can use the new teaching method at all levels of students'musical development. KEY WORDS: Voice performance, postural function, diaphragm, vocal hearing, breath excercises with fonation. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Monitoring of postural stability of crural diaphragm in patients suffering from functional disorders of upper digestive system with the help of manometry
Sedláčková, Iveta ; Bitnar, Petr (advisor) ; Kodríková, Kateřina (referee)
The diploma thesis aims to describe the functional disorders of the upper gastrointestinal tract with an emphasis on gastroesophageal reflux disease. The theoretical part describes the anatomy, pathophysiology, etiology of GERD and treatment options. In the practical part is measured postural reactivity of the diaphragm in the selected 15 probands with GERD. We measured the postural reactivity of the diaphragm using high resolution manometry in various postural situations: lying on the back with flexion of lower limbs above the surface, standing and standing on the AIREX mat, for standing patients, we used weights of 3,6 and 9 kilos inside and outside the center of gravity. Patients also completed the GERD Health-Related Quality of Life questionnaire. The measurements confirmed an increase in resting pressure in all positions except standing, which correlated with the highest occurrence of reflux episodes in standing. The results were compared with a healthy control group. The activation of the crural part of the diaphragm was the same in both groups. We found in patients with GERD decreased coordination, delayed and influent activation of the crural diaphragm. The most significant increase in pressure in GERD patients occurred in the postural position of the flexed lower limbs and in standing...
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Utilization of biofeedback sensors for the activation of breathing and postural function of diaphragm in patients with chronic low-back pain
Macigová, Lucie ; Oplatková, Lenka (advisor) ; Bitnar, Petr (referee)
This thesis is focusing on objectifying the postural function of diaphragm with a biofeedback sensor in patients with low back pain (LBP). The theoretical part provides an overview of known facts about the postural function of the abdominal muscles and diaphragm and the connection between their activation and the change in intra-abdominal pressure and the origin of LBP. The thesis gives specifics of LBP, its etiology and possible methods of classification of non-specific LBP, as well as the methods of evaluating subjective disability. Other methods of objectifying postural functions other than the one used in this thesis are mentioned briefly. Methodology: In the experimental part, we used a capacitive force sensor to test 31 patients with non-specific chronic LBP (aver. age 25.25, SD ± 4.66, aver. height 176.77 cm, SD ± 9.97, aver. weight 77.93 kg, SD ±18.40) in 3 posturally different seated scenarios - resting breathing, with added external load when the subjects held a dumbbell of 20 % of their body weight) and with maximum voluntary increase in intra-abdominal pressure (the diaphragm test). The sensor position was on lumbar triangle and in the groin area. Oswestry Questionaire v2.1a was used to evaluate subjective disability. Results: An independent t-test analysis showes increase in the...
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The possibilities of physical therapy in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease
Zeiselová, Jitka ; Kodríková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Pešková, Lucie (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the problematics of the Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and on the possibilities of its treatment by physical therapy. According to The Montreal Consensus the gastroesophageal reflux disease is defined as a condition which develops when the reflux of stomach contents causes troublesome symptoms and/or complications. It ranks among the most common gastrointestinal diseases, its prevalence in Europe moves between 8,8 - 25,9 %. As the gastroesophageal reflux disease can be influenced by the patient's lifestyle we can classify it as a lifestyle disease. Theoretical part of the thesis introduces the disease, its etiopathogenesis, symptomatology, diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities. The main aim of the theoretical part is to state an overview of possible physical therapy in patients with this disease. The practical section of the thesis consists of two case reports which include examination in the beginning and at the end of the therapy and the description of the therapy itself.
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Effect of postural - respirative physiotherapeutic intervention during therapy of gastroesofageal reflux (GERD(
Zahrádková, Tereza ; Malá, Jitka (advisor) ; Stupková, Michaela (referee)
Title: Effect of postural-respiratory physiotherapeutic intervention in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) Objectives: The aim of the theoretical part of this thesis is to describe the problem and summarize the latest knowledge about gastroesophageal reflux and its current treatment approaches. Based on this theoretical knowledge, in the practical part to create a design and verify the functionality of a comprehensive therapeutic procedure and exercise set aimed at influencing the postural-respiratory function of the diaphragm and viscero- somatic manifestations of reflux disease of the oesophagus. Methods: The theoretical part of the work was processed in the form of literary research, based on information from book and electronic resources in Czech, English and German language. A total of 16 probands with a diagnosis of GERD were included in the research part, which were subsequently divided into two groups of 8 - experimental and control. Both groups were to undergo a series of 8 physiotherapies within one month as indicated by the physician. In addition, a set of yoga asanas and pranayama was added to the daily exercise sets of the experimental group, which were aimed at improving the postural-respiratory ability of the diaphragm, overall coactivation of myofascial chains...
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