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Issues in organized crime
Fiala, Adam ; Fiala, Miloš (advisor) ; Vilášek, Josef (referee)
Name: Issues in organized crime Aims of the thesis: 1. To define and classify organized crime 2. To describe historical development of organized crime 3. To analyze organized crime in the states where its presence has become evident i.e. Italy, USA, Russia and Japan 4. To characterize the main activities of organized crime 5. To define the means of fighting organized crime Methods: When analyzing organized crime, it is impossible to use research methods that would comprise direct contact with a criminal environment. Indirect evidence was used to compile the thesis. Methods of research: 1. The use of information from publications 2. Analysis of documents 3. Research into selected legal means of fighting organized crime 4. Content analysis of the press 5. Statistics Results: Various views on organized crime, its features and its typology have been defined. Its causes and the conditions under which organized crime arises, as well as its beginnings, were described. Findings about organized crime in selected countries were analyzed; attention was drawn to history, the present day and occurrences and activities of the main organized groups. The main activities of organized crime were described in four groups, focusing on their description, organization and the legal issues. Eventually, possible means of...
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Comparison of crime organisations Cosa Nostra and `Ndrangheta
Denemark, Jan ; Mejstřík, Martin (advisor) ; Menclová, Barbora (referee)
The theme of my bachelor thesis is a comparison of the organized crime, especially the study of the structures of criminal organizations such as Cosa Nostra and 'ndrangheta. Because these structures have a significant difference in their style of building their own hierarchies and they are working quite differently in general, I would like to focus on and answer the crucial question in my thesis, to what extent these differences affect the fact that 'ndrangheta is now the most important mafia in Italy instead of Cosa Nostra. The fact that Cosa Nostra and 'ndrangheta are so different in their own structures, their detail comparison is offered in every part of their organization. Besides the description of the social base and the historical evolution which we cannot skip and besides the comprehensive exploration of the development context I would like to focus in my second part of the thesis on the fact how the differences between them influence the major decisions. I will describe especially the difference between the last approximately forty years because on this era we can easily see the difference between the success of these two organizations. While Cosa Nostra is nowadays a shadow of her historical fame 'ndrangheta in this period took over and now this organization is the number one when it...
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Forms of crime committed by organized crime
Hamouz, Tomáš ; Gřivna, Tomáš (advisor) ; Bohuslav, Lukáš (referee)
107 Forms of crime committed by organized crime - Abstract The aim of this work was to map the range of criminal offenses and other criminal acts perpetrated by perpetrators of organized crime. Members and supporters of criminal organizations commit a large number of different offenses, primarily with the intention of obtaining illegal profits. However, some actions aim at legalizing previous revenues, establishing contacts in police, justice, and public administration, or to prevent these groups from being exposed. A specific crime may have multiple meanings in the overall strategy of the organized crime subject. Such an act is committed to both profits and cover- up (eg murder, extortion). This work is divided into three parts. The first part, consisting of Chapter 1, deals with the theoretical and legal definition of organized crime and other related concepts, such as organized groups and organized criminal groups. For these characteristics, both professional treatises and legal regulations are used, including international conventions, EU legislation and the laws of the Czech Republic. This section also provides a demonstrative list of the main criminal activities of organized crime. The second part, consisting of chapters 2 and 3, focuses on the historical development of organized crime and the...
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Outcomes of the operation of the international commission CICIG in the fight against corruption and organized crime in Guatemala
Melíšek, David ; Krausz Hladká, Malvína (advisor) ; Parízek, Michal (referee)
The thesis examines the results of the international commission against impunity in Guatemala (CICIG), founded in 2006 by an agreement between the government of Guatemala and the UN. It represents a unique tool of UN, connecting in its mandate national and international elements, whose singular goal is a fight against contemporary national crimes, in contrast to a more classical model of UN, which focuses predominantly on international or past crimes. The thesis tries to answer whether the level of corruption and presence of organized crime in the state institutions was lowered during the mandate of CICIG, whether the level of impunity was lowered at the national courts and how big of a role could be attributed to CICIG. The analysis is diveded into two parts. In the first one, based on a few key indicators, the institutional situation in crime prosecution in Guatemala is evaluated before and after the mandate of CICIG. In the second one, with the use of a process-tracing method, the role of CICIG in 3 key cases is analysed, especially concerning the power of its influence in Guatemala. A short discussion about the good and bad characteristics of the CICIG model concludes the thesis.
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Mexico's dual approach at the southern border : clash of realism and humanitarianism
Vrchota, Petr ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
In my thesis I will show the case of Mexico, a country that is struggling hard to fulfill its principles of national security - one of the most characteristic features of Mexico's policies. Simultaneously, Mexico is making efforts to fulfill human rights' obligations of both its nationals and foreigners. Increasingly especially since the turn of the millennia, the United States has been fortifying its border with Mexico with the aim to prevent the Mexican and other immigrants reaching the United States illegally. Yet, hard-line border controls and migration-related policies have not been adopted solely by the United States, but also Mexico has played a dominant role in fortifying its border areas, especially along the southern border with Belize and Guatemala. My research questions would then focus on what is driving Mexico to adopt dual approach towards Central American migrants along Mexico's southern border, and why is Mexico balancing between realistic principles of national security and human rights' obligations, which has espoused by signing and ratifying international conventions?
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Cooperating defendant
Stupková, Lucie ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor) ; Herczeg, Jiří (referee)
- Cooperating defendant The aim of the thesis, which deals with the legislation of a cooperating defendant in the Czech Republic, is in particular to provide a comprehensive view of the institute of cooperating defendant in a broader context, to point out the shortcomings of current legislation and to propose suitable solutions de lege ferenda. In the first part, the author deals with the definition of organized crime in the criminological and criminal perspective. The thesis discusses the historical evolution of the phenomenon of organized crime, analyses individual characteristics of organized crime, shows forms of crime committed by organized crime, differs organized crime from the other forms of group criminality and deals with the problematic definition of organized crime at the international level. Further the thesis deals with provisions of the Czech law, which relate to the area of organized crime. This part of the thesis also introduces readers to the numbers of prosecuted, accused (defendants) and convicted persons of the crime of participation in an organized criminal group (before year 2010 crime of participation in a criminal organization) for the last 10 years. The second chapter pays attention to the short historical excursion to the beginnings of application of the institute of...
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State and Organised Crime in Serbia under Milošević
Andrlová, Anna ; Tejchman, Miroslav (advisor) ; Žíla, Ondřej (referee)
Bachelor's thesis State and Organised Crime in Serbia under Milošević deals with the extent and manner of the connection between state and non-state actors in relation to serious crime offenses. The thesis explores the specific characteristics of state crime which are demonstrated on the case study of former Yugoslavia, more precisely the nineties Serbia and the Serbian ethnic group. Firstly, the combination of criminological theories is introduced. Subsequently, the theoretical approach is used to describe the actors' positions and crime types they were involved in. The research is focused on specific criminal practices and the connection of main actors from state and non-state sector, e.g. state coercive forces, paramilitaries or corporates.
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Methodology for investigating organized crime
Hrubá, Petra ; Musil, Jan (advisor) ; Konrád, Zdeněk (referee)
This thesis focuses on organized crime that has recently become one of the most serious global problems threatening the stability, security and development of civil society. At the beginning of the thesis, its author defines a basic term ,,organized crime" and its relation to the organized criminality. Then the author deals with the history of organized crime groups, describes the most important of the groups, and concentrates on new forms of organized crime. Furthermore, the author lists Czech and international substantive and procedural legal regulations with regard to the organized crime. Finally, the author discusses other non-legal means of the fight against the organized crime. The main part of the thesis is devoted to the methodology of investigation with a focus on specific initiatives and the subject of investigation, initial and subsequent acts, and the specific versions of investigation, planning, organization of investigation, and prevention. In greater detail, the thesis deals with methods of witnesses hearing, and especially with the legal concept of a secret witness, and protection provided to witnesses by special law, and the concept of a cooperating accused person. The thesis also analyzes operative and investigative means and other means of investigation.
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Reasons for Declaration of War on Drugs in Mexico: Two Perspectives of View.
Drhlíková, Eva ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
Bachelor thesis Reasons for Declaration of War on Drugs in Mexico: Two Perspectives of View deals with reasoning of Mexican War on Drugs that was proclaimed by Mexican president in 2006. It describes two different perspectives on the war. One of them is adopted by the Mexican government and is based on arguments that Mexico became a country - drug consumer; level of violence increased and security situation in country significantly deteriorated; drug cartels exercise more influence in Mexican politics. The second view is based on the situation that occurred in the country after the presidential elections in 2006. Untransparent elections and Calderón's very close victory resulted in the thesis that Calderón needed a strong theme which would be supported by people and at the same time would lead away from the unstable political situation in Mexico. This paper aims to analyze these perspectives and answer the question why the war was proclaimed and what stands behind the different approach of the government.
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Instruments of Criminal Law Used in a Fight against Organized Crime
Lapáček, Jan ; Mulák, Jiří (advisor) ; Šelleng, Dalibor (referee)
This diploma thesis is concerned with the instruments of criminal law used in a fight against organized crime. The objective of this thesis is to outline the current state of both international and domestic organized crime and to discuss some of the instruments used to fight against it which are provided to us by the criminal law. The first part of this thesis provides an overview of the development of organized crime as well as the defining characteristics of this phenomenon. However, the primary focus of the first part of presented thesis is on the conception of organized criminal group and the differentiation between organized criminal group, organized group, terrorism and terrorist group as provided in the Czech criminal code. The second part of this thesis discusses some of the individual instruments of both substantive and procedural criminal law in depth. Specifically, the criminal offense of participation in an organized criminal group, sentencing enhancements for individuals committing crimes that benefit an organized criminal group, criminal liability of legal entities, spatial wiretapping, use of an agent and cooperating witness. In this part especially, the author's aim is to evaluate the contemporary legislation, to present different opinions on mentioned topics and eventually, to...
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