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Investigation of nanomaterials for their nuclear power and research utilization
Jelínek, Martin ; ČEZ,, Jiří Skalička, (referee) ; Katovský, Karel (advisor)
This bachelor thesis provides a comprehensive overview of the properties of various nanomaterials and summarizes the latest findings and knowledge of advanced applications in all sectors of nuclear power engineering from construction materials through nuclear fuel, fuel cladding, neutron moderator and coolant to the advanced methods for detection of ionizing radiation ad its direct utilization for electricity production. A significant space is devoted to the applications in safety systems of nuclear power plants. The experimental part of the thesis deals with the possibility of using carbon nanofibers as an additive to the coolant in VVER reactor type in order to improve the thermal properties of the coolant. So far a very little examined issues of neutron balance changes due to interaction with nanoparticles was experimentally verified on the paraffin wax mixture of two different concentrations. The comparison with the reference sample of pure paraffin was also made.
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Design of a heat exchanger in a nuclear power plant
Kocanda, Tomáš ; Kudela, Libor (referee) ; Milčák, Pavel (advisor)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the design of heat exchange in nuclear power plant, more specifically on low-pressure heater 2. The introduction of bachelor´s thesis deals with the introduction of nuclear energy and nuclear power plants. The following chapters describe low-pressure regeneration as well as low-pressure heater. In the last part of the work, the heater is calculated from the entered values and values subtracted from the overall thermal scheme of the secondary circuit of the Dukovany nuclear power plant.
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Future development of the energy base in the Czech Republic and the EU
Vojtaššák, Tomáš ; Radil, Lukáš (referee) ; Mastný, Petr (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the description of sources that participate in the energy mix of the Czech Republic, the description of the electricity system and the method of integration of sources into the transmission and distribution system. Furthermore, the factors that affect the future development of the energy base in the Czech Republic and the EU are presented, then there is an analysis of action plans and finally the resulting assumptions of the student.
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Overview and Utilization of Small Modular Reactors
Křeček, Tomáš ; Števanka, Kamil (referee) ; Katovský, Karel (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with an auspicious type of new nuclear reactors – small modular reactors (SMR). It defines the basic qualities of SMR and their essential differences among large nuclear reactors, briefly evaluates the individual advantages and disadvantages. It summarizes the history and current direction of their development in the most active countries. In the bachelor's thesis are also discusses the most advanced propositions of SMR and the possibilities of their use. In the last part is analysis of the usability of SMR in the energy mixture and the possibilities of application in the Czechia.
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Sensitivy analysis of the influence of manufacturing inaccuracies on the nuclear fuel reactivity
Sedlák, Martin ; Katovský, Karel (referee) ; Novotný, Filip (advisor)
This thesis deals with a sensitivity analysis of the influence of manufacturing inaccuracies on the reactivity of nuclear fuel. Sensitivity analysis has been done for fuel assembly TVSA-T, for nuclear reactors VVER-1000. Particularly, for fuel rod of type tvel - without burnable absorbers. Thirty three combinations of maximal and minimal of manufacturing parameters were simulated in SCALE environment. Changes of multiplication coefficient in dependence on burnup for 5 combinations have been also studied. It has been found that the most significant influence on the reactivity has the accuracy of enrichment and outer diameter of cladding. It has also been found that influence of manufacturing inaccuracies is not constant during burnup. The benefit of the thesis is determining the effects of individual inaccuracies on the reactivity and the fact that their influence is not constant during burnup.
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Power sources in the Czech republic concentrated on using biomass
Vacek, Tomáš ; Liedermann, Pavel (referee) ; Špaček, Jaroslav (advisor)
This article introduces independent sources of electric energy in the Czech Republic, the different types of power plants, their productivity and the quantity of electric energy delivered to the main distributor. In our country, as well as around the world, commonly used fuels are fossil fuels- coal, crude oil, and gas. As the demand for energy grows, those supplies are slowly running out. Not to mention that those fuels have a negative environmental impact. They are a source of carbon, which causes damage to the atmosphere and leads to global warming. Power plants which do not produce carbon are much safer for the environment, and much more productive. However, the residue of this energy is challenging to dispose of. Nuclear energy has common attributes with renewing the sources of energies that are extremely friendly to our environment. Nuclear power plants also produce enough energy and with the usage of Fourth generation reactors, they will be able to recycle the nuclear fuels. Today, more importance is put on renewing sources which are more gentle for the environment. In the near future, CEZ Company, the largest producer of electric energy is planning to use water energy. Water energy comes from water plants or dams. Other ecological forms of energy include geothermal and solar energies. These two types of energy are not as applicable for our geographical position. Geothermal energy is commonly used on islands where there is an abundance of natural hot springs. The most discussed source of energy is bioenergy. It uses natural wood sources, recycled wood products, and applies bioenergy as a main source for thermal power plants.
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Small Modular Reactors
Tichý, Marek ; Chýlek, Radomír (referee) ; Milčák, Pavel (advisor)
This bachelors thesis is focused on nuclear energy. It describes the generations of nuclear reactors and their representatives. The main goal of this work are small modular reactors which are discussed in more detail. This thesis describes types of reactors, their descriptions and also their use cases.
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