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Prevalence and factors associated with nicotine use in the military: a systematic review
Tomášek, Vojtěch ; Maleček, Jan (advisor) ; Prokešová, Eva (referee)
Title: Prevalence and factors associated with the use of nicotine products in the military: systematic research Objectives: The main goal of this bachelor thesis is to use a systematic search of scientific databases to create an overview of the prevalence of nicotine use and how soldiers apply nicotine. Moreover, find out what factors may be associated with nicotine use. Methods: To create this bachelor thesis, the systematic research method according to the referenced selection of items per the PRISMA recommendation was used. After completing the research question and setting the thesis goals, a script was created through the scientific databases PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science according to pre-defined keywords. Selected studies that corresponded to the predetermined criteria were further used to prepare the data and their subsequent synthesis. In conclusion, the studies were evaluated in terms of methodological quality. Results: A total of 29 selected studies were included in the systematic search. A total of 25 studies addressed the prevalence of nicotine use, and the individual results of these studies indicated a prevalence of nicotine product use in the military environment that ranged from 10 % to 53 %. More specific prevalence rates for each study can be found in Table 1. A total of 9...
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Monitoring the use of chewing tobacco in ice hockey players
Čmejla, Filip ; Šťastný, Petr (advisor) ; Kregl, Jan (referee)
Title: Monitoring the use of chewing tobacco in ice hockey players. Goals: The aim is to determine the frequency, causality of chewing tobacco use in IH players and its sport-social context. Why is chewing tobacco so popular among hockey players recently. Methods: The research was based on a questionnaire survey. The survey consisted of 22 questions, respondents always had a choice of several options, except for 3 questions that were open- ended. Some questions were of the YES/NO response type and some were multiple choice. The questions were structured from the most basic to the more specific. The only mandatory question in the questionnaire was question number one. The questionnaire ended for respondents who selected the NO option in question one. Thus, respondents had the option of skipping questions. The entire questionnaire was anonymized as much as possible and was conducted over the Internet. It took a maximum of 5 minutes to complete and some took considerably less time. Results: The results show that 35.2 % of the 216 hockey players use chewing tobacco, and in relatively large quantities. Almost 40 % of them chew 7 or more sachets per day, feeling focused and relaxed after using it. Most respondents were introduced to chewing tobacco because of ice hockey and teammates. In the hockey...
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Providing counselling for smoking cessation in Prague pharmacies: a questionnaire-based research
Lišková, Michaela ; Kulhánek, Adam (advisor) ; Schlosserová, Lucia (referee)
Background: Counselling regarding smoking cessation is along with the specialized centers and addictological ambulances also accessible in pharmacies. There are 26 registered as those with specialization in consulting of quitting smoking. Pharmacists who provide this service have to complete guaranteed course from the Czech Chamber of Pharmacists. In the field of addictology, this is currently not really covered topic. Objectives: The main goal of the bachelor thesis was to capture and evaluate the advice of pharmacists in smoking cessation in selected Prague pharmacies. The partial goal of the work was to describe client services in terms of sociodemography and to find the service based on motivation. Methods: In this study, the total selection method was chosen, the selection included all pharmacies in the capital city of Prague (26), which are in the register of pharmacies with smoking cessation counseling listed by the Czech Chamber of Pharmacists. One pharmacy was not included in the research sample as it was unavailable for technical reasons during the data collection period. Respondents who participated in the research were working directly with clients who came to smoking cessation counseling. Data were collected using printed questionnaires. The data collection was obtain between february...
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Use of e-cigarettes and heated tobacco among primary school pupils in the Central Bohemian Region: a questionaire study
Salavová, Tereza ; Kulhánek, Adam (advisor) ; Gabrhelík, Roman (referee)
Background: Use of e-cigarettes and heated tobacco is on the rise both in the world and Czech Republic. Aforementioned products are often presented as less harmfull alternatives to traditional cigarettes, but an addiction can occur to these products nevertheless. Such devices are furthermore very attractive for adolescent population, which is in high risk of developing an addiction. Objectives: The Main goal of the research is to describe user specifications and an attitude of fifteen-year-old students from the Central Bohemian Region to e-cigarettes and heated tobacco. The sub-goals consist of: describing the way target group use the devices (in terms of where and with whom), answering if the members of the target group owns their personal devices, and means of acquisition of such devices. Methods: The research was carried out through collecting quantitative data via online survey tool. The survey in physical form was also distributed between students of selected schools in Central Bohemian Region. 54 schools were approached with the survey in two waves. Schools for the first wave were pick randomly from a list of schools in the region and with fifteen-year- old students. For the second wave were chosen schools handpicked by author according to traveling distance. Resulted research sample consist...
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Patterns of chewing tobacco and nicotine pouches usage among athletes: an online survey
Šatochinová, Kristýna ; Kulhánek, Adam (advisor) ; Jandáč, Tomáš (referee)
BACKGROUND: Nicotine is one of the most commonly used addictive substances amongst the general population. Nonetheless, there is not much information on the use of chewing tobacco or nicotine pouches, even more so when it comes to studies concerning athletes. AIMS: The goal of this work was to map out the patterns of using chewing tobacco and nicotine pouches amongst athletes, specifically American football players and ice hockey players. METHODS: Quantitative questionnaire research was carried out with the help of the online tool Survio. The questionnaire was distributed through members of selected sports teams, American football and ice hockey, coaches, or team emails. RESULTS: 219 respondents took part in the study, of them, 114 were American football players and 105 were ice hockey players. Out of the 219 respondents, 65 of the 114 American football players (57%) and 53 of the ice hockey players (53%) have used chewing tobacco. While 49 American football players and 43 ice hockey players have used nicotine pouches. On average, respondents encountered chewing tobacco at the age of 19, and nicotine bags at the age of 21. The research also found that 21 of the 65 American football players (33%) and 19 of the 53 ice hockey players (36%) that use chewing tobacco do so on a daily basis. For nicotine...
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Awareness and experience of Grade 2 pupils in selected primary schools on oral forms of tobacco and nicotine
Trojáková, Kateřina ; Váchová, Alena (advisor) ; Syřiště, Ivo (referee)
Introduction: nicotine is very popular nowadays, especially among teenagers. Smokeless forms of tobacco products and their prevalence in primary school are a much neglected problem. In the Czech Republic, 2 300 000 people smoke, 26 % of whom are over 18 years of age. Objectives: The aim of the study was to map the personal experience and awareness of oral tobacco use among Grade 2 pupils in a selected primary school. Methods: quantitative research was chosen to obtain the necessary data. The questionnaire was created in paper form and also online in the Survio.com platform. The questionnaires were distributed to the students in paper form through chemistry and computer science classes. The data collected was processed in Microsoft Excel. The questionnaire survey consisted of 2 parts. In the first part, I examined the age, gender and personal experience with tobacco products of the students. In the second part, I investigated their awareness regarding oral forms of tobacco products. Results: A total of 112 respondents from 7th, 8th, 9th grade aged 13 to 16 years participated in the study, of which 18.8% had ever used tobacco (nicotine) products in their lives. A total of 6,3 % of respondents had used tobacco (nicotine) products in the last 30 days. The most common forms of nicotine were conventional...
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Smoking of senior Citizens
Ferancová, Petra ; Mareš, Jiří (advisor) ; Šmejkalová, Jindra (referee)
Name and surname: Petra Ferancová Institution: Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Department of Nursing Title of the thesis: Smoking seniors Supervisor: prof. PhDr. Jiří Mareš, CSc. Number of pages: 107 Number of attachments: 2 Year of defense: 2015 Key words: smoking, illnesses of smokers, nicotine, addiction treatment of smoking, prevalence, senior, tobacco, addiction The bachelor work is focused on the issues of a seniors' smoking. The first part of my work is focused on an old age, growing old, smoking as a bio - psycho - social problem and on the previous Czech researches of the same topic. In the second part I deal with the research surveys in which the results from the questionnaires are analysed and presented. The aim of my bachelor work was to find out the prevalence of the seniors' smoking, to find out the difference in a presence of the chronical illness between seniors smokers and non-smokers and to realize whether the seniors were informed by medics, doctors or nurses about the harmful effects of smoking and its consequences on their health.
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Social work with adolescents addicted to psychoactive substances
Malíková, Kristýna ; Krahulcová, Beáta (advisor) ; Nová, Monika (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to draw attention to the serious problem of drug addiction among adolescents who are abusing addictive substances or marijuana. This increasingly important issue is discussed a lot, but very often neglected by the society. This thesis provides definitions and characteristics of individual drugs and their effects on adolescents. The need for prevention and treatment of adolescent clients is emphasized, alongside with the family support, which is often crucial. In the practical part, the author of the thesis focuses on organizations that are critically important in this field. These organizations focus on prevention, counseling services, social inclusion and treatment facilities (inpatient and outpatient services), etc. Their characteristics and methods of client treatment are described. Furthermore, in this work the author presents a survey that confirms the findings of some detailed quantitative research papers. The main findings are that drug abuse is a major problem of this century and also a burden on society, especially on the adolescents themselves. The solution is very complicated and time consuming, but everyone can contribute by not being indifferent to this problem.
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