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Consequences of liberalization of electricity market
Kalabiška, Roman ; Polák, Petr (advisor) ; Valíčková, Petra (referee)
This thesis examines the impacts of liberalization of electricity market. The first part of this work provides theoretical overview of the liberalization process and electricity market design in Czech Republic. To understand how the european wholesale markets are integrated, I have performed correlation analysis of daily spot prices on selected power exchanges. On the basic of this analysis I confirmed that selected power exchanges are on different levels of integration and have higher dependency on regional level. The second part of the empirical part is focused on the impact of competition on czech retail market. The objective was to show that liberalization and following increase of competition in electricity market result into decrease of retailers' gross profit margins in the segment of housholds with ordinary consumption. The last part of this work is focused on the measurement of market power using the most famous methods of measuring market power, such as Lerner index and Herfindahl-Hirschman index. My calculations indicate that while market concentration has decreased in the long run, since 2012 it is slightly increasing. I have also learned that selected retailers are on similar level of market power. This work fills the gap in literature focusing on the issue of measuring market power...
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The Main Determinants of European Trade Integration
Spivacenco, Carolina ; Vacek, Pavel (advisor) ; Dingová, Vilma (referee)
The importance of international trade cannot be neglected as it represents an important channel of wealth creation in the actual globalised world. Thus, the present writer aims to identify how the commercial flows have changed after the adoption of Euro and once the financial crisis has burst. Furthermore the main factors that influence trade are researched by using the gravitational econometric model and employing panel data for 14 EU member countries. The results show that the intensity of commercial exchanges are highly influenced by the level of development (GDP) of the country and the amount of FDI that are attracted, while the use of a common currency appears to be not too significant. At the same time, indicators are more sensible during the crisis period than the stable one, hence even small changes in independent variables can lead to higher decrease in trade. Key words: European trade, liberalization, competitiveness, financial crisis, contagion, Euro, gravitational model.
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Time of Prague spring 1968 reflected in the journal of Literární listy
Maslova, Alina ; Pešička, Jiří (advisor) ; Dolenská, Jana (referee)
The time of the Prague Springof 1968 drawn out in the journal Literární listy This work looks into the profile of the journal Literární listy during the period of the Prague Spring of 1968; my exposition is preceded by a reflection of the political and socio- cultural atmosphere of these times. In the introduction, I give a brief overview of what was happening on the political and cultural scene, since the early loosening of internal relations in the late 1950's as well as through out the 1960's in the former Czechoslovakia (a so-called "melting period"), and an overall evaluation of the situation from a cultural point of view (including the relationship between writers and authorities, the emancipation of cultural journals from the official party and state policies, the development at the 4th congress of Svaz československých spisovatelů (Czechoslovak Writers' Union) and the voiced criticism of the regime. The following pages recall the main points of developments during the months of the Prague Spring of 1968. The vision of this work, to which I dedicate the largest part, is to expound and analyze the contemporary key themes, how it is reflected in the major journalistic contributions to the journal Literární listy: articles on current internal and foreign policy situations, probing the recent...
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Prague spring 1968 and transitology
Běhal, Filip ; Buben, Radek (advisor) ; Štefek, Martin (referee)
The thesis wil focus on the classical transitology, especially the authors Juan Linz and Alfred Stepan. This theory will be applied on the events and ideas of Prague spring 1968, while the presumption is that these events exactly met the basic condition that an ending regime should start the democratization with certain liberalization. The thesis will analyze and characterize this liberalization in three partially overlapping fields: 1. civic freedom and legality 2. political sphere 3. economics. Considering these factors, the cleavage between the elites of the communist party on reforms and hardliners, will be analyzed. Other points of the analysis include the international context in the Soviet bloc, public support of the reforms in Czechoslovakia, solid institutional organization of the regime and the lack of radical opposition. The aim of the thesis is to analyze and perhaps even vindicate the hypothesis that if there hadn't been the military intervention in August the whole process would have had the best premises to transform into ideal democratization on the border between pact and reform.
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The accession of the Czech Republic and Slovakia in the OECD
Voříšek, Martin ; Váška, Jan (advisor) ; Just, Petr (referee)
This comparative case study deals with the accession of the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). The goal of this study is to ascertain how differences in the process of accession of the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic to the OECD reflected the political and economic differences between the countries. Furthermore, this study deals with the role which the way and consequences of the dissolution of Czechoslovakia played in the accession. The author build on the thesis that the later entry of the Slovak Republic to the OECD was due to unfavourable political situation in the Mečiar's government, which was reflected in the national economy. This thesis also maintains that the Slovak Republic was not disadvantaged as a result of the dissolution (neither by the Czech side, nor OECD), which would result into delayed accession of Slovakia to the OECD. The key chapters deal with each country's accession to the OECD. While the Czech accession to the OECD ran relatively smoothly, in the case of Slovakia it is necessary to describe the major factors which influenced the long accession process. These include in particular the foreign policy orientation and transformation during the course of Mečiar's governments.
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Analysis of the Natural Gas Market during the Period of Deregulation - A Comparison of Selected European Countries
Mirková, Barbora ; Mikolášek, Jakub (advisor) ; Princ, Michael (referee)
The liberalization of gas markets is in the European Union and especially in its new Member States a current topic. This thesis is devoted to a comparison of the liberalization processes in three Central European countries - the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Poland. The thesis first introduces the concepts of public and natural monopolies, the specific characteristics of gas markets and the legislation of the European Union that underlies the liberalization. Further, the thesis takes a close look at the developments in the gas markets of the three countries. The focus lies mainly on the national legislation, opening of demand side and changes in the market structure, including unbundling, new entrants and supplier switching. The final chapter of the thesis analyzes and compares the progress in liberalization of the individual markets by calculating the market concentrations using the Herfindahl-Hirschman index.
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Prague Spring from the point of view of the transition theory
Špičáková, Hana ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Dvořáková, Vladimíra (referee)
Diploma thesis "Prague Spring from the point of view of the transition theory" deals with the time period of "Prague Spring" and briefly also about the following year. The application of the methods of transition tries to show the next development of Czechoslovakia in case if the development hasn't had stopped by the intervention of troops of Warsaw Pact. There is a brief development of transitology there and then; three transition theories from significant authors discussing this topic are mentioned there. Further, the attitudes of reformers to the society in the year 1968 in Czechoslovakia, changes in the society itself and in the Communist Party are investigated there. A very important fact is the international situation and influence of states of the Soviet Block to reviving process and it representatives. The main chapter offers the possible future development of Czechoslovakia after the implementation transition theories. In the last part events from the year 1969 are mentioned. Two public polls bring closer the perception of Prague Spring after 25 and 30 years and its importance for the transition to democracy in 1989.
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Liberalization of postal services in the European Union and its implementation in the Czech Republic.
Březina, Pavel ; Král, Richard (advisor) ; Exner, Jan (referee)
1 Abstract Liberalization of postal services in the European Union and its implementation in the Czech Republic This theses focuses on the liberalization of postal services in the Czech Republic. The main goal of this thesis is the analysis of Czech legislation transposing the respective legislation of the European Union and its critical evaluation. By this also the analysis and evaluation on the state of the liberalization of the Czech postal market is performed. The first chapter sump up the development of regulation of postal services on the territory of today's Czech Republic prior to the year 2000, the second chapter is focusing on the time period between the years 2000 and 2012. The focus of the third chapter lies on the key aspects of the liberalized postal market after the year 2000 - the compensation fund, the issues of universal services, the financing of universal service and the concept of net cost. The fourth chapter makes the reader familiar with the concept of access to the postal infrastructure and explains how this access works, is used in everyday life and also addresses its problems. Within the fifth and last chapter of the theses the main reasons preventing the (further successful) liberalization of the postal market are discussed, these being the value added tax exemption for universal...
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PROSTOROVÁ ORGANIZACE LETECKÉ DOPRAVY V AFRICKÉM REGIONU
MRÁZKOVÁ, Tereza
This bachelor thesis focuses on personal air transport in the Africa continent. In the first part, the general characteristics of air transport, its importance in the world and changes in its development, will be described. The description of the current situation of air transport follows. This part of the thesis tries to explain the causes of the peripheral position within its global distribution. The analytic part of the thesis deals with the flight offers in ten African airports on a specific day in 2006 and 2018. These airports were chosen on the grounds of several factors, e.g. the size according to the volume of transported passengers per year. The data for the implementation of this analysis were taken from the Flightstats database. This database provides information about almost every flight in the world. The results of the analysis provide a view on development and the current situation of domestic, continental and intercontinental air transport in Africa or rather of the airports which are for the African continent crucial.
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Legal aspects of Energy business
Knězová, Kateřina ; Damohorský, Milan (advisor) ; Pokorný, Jiří (referee)
Legal aspects of Energy business Summary The aim of this master thesis is to give an overview of the development of the energy market. The first big changes occurred in 1990s when it became necessary to make energy sector owned by the state more efficient. The main reasons for its restructuring were an incompatible infrastructure, standardised services and high prices. State with the lack of financial resources leave the monopolistic system and open the market for new potential investors. Some another changes are connected with the accession to the European Union. The process of liberalization was used like an instrument for changes which impose requirements not only on market participants but also on state, which is obliged to provide an independent supervisor. Currently the main legislative source is an act No. 436/2008 Coll., Energy Act. It provides information about basic rights and obligations of the market participants, their relationships and the ways of regulations of their activities. The energy sector is regulated on national level. But recently an Energy union has been formed on international level. To ensure energy independence is the main goal of the Energy union. Member states will have to abandon their authority and give way to this newly established community. This master thesis analyse the...
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