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The Transformation Process in Algeria (1988 - 1999)
Beránek, Zdeněk ; Gombár, Eduard (advisor) ; Mendel, Miloš (referee) ; Pirický, Gabriel (referee)
- Transformační proces v Alžírsku (1988-1999) Předkládaná práce analyzuje politické změny v Alžírsku po roce 1988, kdy byl po nepokojích v hlavním městě zahájen liberalizační proces a urychleny ekonomické tržní reformy. Politické reformy měly posílit postavení prezidenta Bendžedída a jeho spojenců na úkor konzervativních oponentů a zároveň obnovit legitimitu režimu. Autoři reforem každopádně nepočítali s výraznějším sdílením moci. Nečekaný úspěch islamistické strany mobilizoval konzervativce a protiislamisticky zaměřené armádní velení. Zrušení voleb kvůli jednoznačnému vítězství islamistů v lednu 1992 vedlo k eliminaci islamistické i sekulární opozice. Obnovený autoritářský režim dokázal dostat pod kontrolu islamistické povstání a s pomocí MMF i kritickou ekonomickou situaci. Návrat k ústavnímu režimu proběhl bez účasti islamistické i sekulární opozice, která byla fragmentovaná a režim ji dokázal částečně kontrolovat. Po roce 1996 byl nastolen autoritářský režim s omezenými pluralitními prvky s dominantním postavením prezidenta, které je však oslabováno výrazným vlivem armádního velení. Politické strany mohou působit, ale jejich vliv je omezen. Jisté limity má i svoboda tisku. Došlo k posílení soukromého sektoru, postavení státu je však stále výrazné a ekonomika je závislá na vývozu ropy a zemního...
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Development of the Czechoslovak banking system in years years 1945 - 1958
Hrubý, Vít ; Chalupecký, Petr (advisor) ; Johnson, Zdenka (referee)
This bachelor thesis is an inquiry into an evolution of the banking system in Czechoslovakia in-between 1945 - 1958. At first, it defines theoretical outcomes of free-market banking system and conception of banking system in a model of central-planned economy. Moreover, it discusses the history of banking during the period of 1918 - 1945. In the analytical part, it deals with the situation of banking system right after the WW2 and analyzes changes set by Benes`s Decrees in 1945 and concentrating of banking industry. In 1948, Communist party of Czechoslovakia became leading power by political revolution, The National Bank of Czechoslovakia was nationalized and relatively fast transformation of free-market economy to central-planned one began. In 1950, The State Bank of Czechoslovakia, which functionality was of central as well as of commercial bank, was established. In 1958, when The State Bank of Czechoslovakia also acquire the function of investment bank, became full-feathered monobank.
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Special economic zones in the People's Republic of China (1979-2001)
Martinec, Tomáš ; Skřivan, Aleš (advisor) ; Tajovský, Ladislav (referee)
The main aim of this bachelor's thesis is to analyze the development of special economic zones in the People's Republic of China since the reform leadership took the power until the era when PRC entered the WTO. The author examines this issue in the broader context of the Open Door policy and the whole reform process, assesses the changing role of special economic zones in China's economy, their successes, but also failures. The emphasis is mainly placed on the evaluation of the development and structure of foreign direct investment, GDP and exports in special economic zones. The author concluded that the main benefits of special economic zones was their experimental feature and that there was a gradual reduction in the importance of special economic zones in Chinese economy in the examined period.
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Contemporary Vietnam: 30 years of development towards democracy?
Duongová, Hong Nhung ; Druláková, Radka (advisor) ; Werner, Jan (referee)
Since the Sixth Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam decided to adopt the programme of Doi Moi (reform programme of economic renovation) in 1986, Vietnam has been experiencing substantial economic and social transformation. The country moved from the centrally planned economy, underwent reforms in agriculture and state-owned enterprises, and pursued the trade liberalization. How are the modernization processes reflected in the political development of Vietnam? Is the country poised for the future democratization? What are the obstacles for shifting to democracy? The aim of the thesis is to find answers for these questions using the theoretical framework of selected criteria of classical theories of democracy. The issue is examined at the economic, political and social level.
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Wage development in the construction industry in Czechoslovakia during 1948-1970 in the background of economic reforms
Dubenský, Jiří ; Chalupecký, Petr (advisor) ; Fabianková, Klára (referee)
This thesis deals with wage development in the construction industry in the background of economic reforms in the 50s and 60s. On the basis of studied literature and using statistical data, was concluded that wages in the afore-mentioned period were significantly leveled, although there were deleveling pressures that began to show up in the second half of the 60s. Both fundamental economic reforms in that time, which have brought among other things a change of methods of determining wages and differentiation ended in failure. The main cause of failure can be seen mainly in political power barriers when policy-makers failed to move away from the egalitarian view of society. In the thesis was also followed the evolution of wages of employees in the construction industry according to qualifications from which was deduced how wage equalization reflected in the financial motivation for studying at university.
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Government Communication: How to succeed with the economic reforms among the public
Šimečková, Barbora ; Kubala, Ondřej (advisor) ; Loužek, Marek (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the communication of state substantial economic reforms. Methodology is a case study that examines the governmental communication of the pension reform in 2013. The introduction of the thesis briefly outlines the socioeconomic situation in the Czech Republic after 2008. The theoretical part sets out the necessary basis in the fields of media and communication, public relations, political communication, psychology and public choice theory and it also provides an overview of pension system reforms development in the Czech Republic area from the time of Austro-Hungarian Empire. It notes that this issue is one of the constant governmental agenda, especially after 1989, and its enforcement is depends on the political settlement. Practical part of the thesis analyzes the communication discourse of governmental pension reform effective from 1 January 2013. For this purpose it uses structured interviews with stakeholders, quantitative content media analysis and public opinion polls. It concludes that there was no communication strategy for the pension reform and governmental information activities were insufficient and time inadequate. The thesis results in a set of recommendations for the government and its future economic reforms communication. It includes political consensus, clear message and target group identification, detailed timeline plan and the principle of simplicity in the reform explaining.
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Chinese economic reforms
Poláčková, Kristýna ; Bolotov, Ilya (advisor) ; Čajka, Radek (referee)
This paper deals with economic reforms which have been implemented in the People's Republic of China since the end of the 1970s. The paper analyses some of its basic features, course and reasons for it success. Reform measures, their goals and phases are discussed, as well as the rural reform, state-owned entreprises reform, reform of non-stated entreprises and opening up policy. The paper concludes by evaluating the state of the Chinese economy in the early 21st century, its entry into the World trade organization and forecasts of its future performance.
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Analysis of the so-called rebuilding of the Soviet economy
Mádrová, Olga ; Stellner, František (advisor) ; Szobi, Pavel (referee)
The aim of this work is the analysis of the economic reforms implemented in reconstruction of the Soviet economy by M. S. Gorbachev since the late 1980s to early 1990s. The first part of the work is engaged in analysis of the underlying assumptions of the Soviet economy, thus its poor condition and negative factors that caused this state. Furthermore, the first part of the work focuses on the analysis of domestic and foreign political scene and the discussion on the need for economic reforms, which took place recently in 1960s. The second part focuses on specific economic reforms, where I am performing detailed analysis of original intentions and of course including justification results. Work answers the question, why did the conversion process ended in failure and why it failed to implement the original three key reforms. The work demonstrates that legalization of entrepreneurship was not understood by most of citizens and byrocrats. Laws were inadequately prepared, included many uncertainties and space for deviation from the original intentions of their creators. These two elements have led to the failure of attempts to improve the performance of the economy and consequently resulted in the fall of the Soviet Union.
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Development and current position of China in the world economy
Dvořáková, Martina ; Jeníček, Vladimír (advisor) ; Abrhám, Josef (referee)
The diploma thesis analyses development and current position of China in the world economy. It focuses in detail on the economic reforms being implemented since the end of the 70s, on their course and impact on China's economy, on the economic situation of China at the beginning of 21st century and on the impact of the world crisis on China's economy and its role in international affairs as well. This thesis also deals with China's accession to the World Trade Organization, its commitments, benefits and impacts, and relations, especially economic, with the United States, the European Union and selected countries in the Asian region. The thesis identifies and characterizes some of the main problems which China is facing as a result of its development.
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