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How women inside women's circles and women outside them experience menstruation
Fousková, Natálie ; Valentová, Hana (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
The thesis explores women's experiencing of menstruation and it compares the experiencing in two groups, one consisting of women who have attended women's circles, and the other of women who have not. In addition to experiencing menstruation, the thesis explores the women's circles themselves as a new social phenomenon. Data collected through interviews with ten women was analysed using grounded theory methods. Menstruation is examined on the level of personal experiencing as well as on the level of a social norm. These levels are seen to show mutual influence. To some degree, women adopt the social perception of menstruation, yet at the same time, it is their experiences and actions that form it. Therefore, women have the potential to change the social norms regarding menstruation. Women outside women's circles accept the social norm and experience menstruation passively. They consider not feeling well a natural side-effect and do not attempt to change it. Women who have attended women's circles counter the social norm and experience menstruation actively. They work with their experiences, both physical and psychological, while menstruating, and they actively adjust their surrounding conditions in order to feel better. KEYWORDS: menstruation, experience, women's circles, womanhood, taboo, gender
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The media construction of feminity according to women's lifestyle magazines in years 2006 and 2016
Kučerová, Lucie ; Vochocová, Lenka (advisor) ; Reifová, Irena (referee)
The master thesis The media construction of feminity according to women's lifestyle magazines in years 2006 and 2016 is concerned with values, that women's lifestyle magazines present to women. These values concern with topics such relationships, sexuality, face, health and succees in career. The thesis will examine, in which roles women appear in these magazines. The aim of the thesis is to present a picture of an ideal woman, as the women's lifestyle magazines construct it. The theoretical part is devided into five chapters. The first chapter is focused on historical development of magazine publishing in Czech Republic since 1989. The second chapter describes development of trends in the media content in the last decade. The third part deals with the media and lifestyle magazines ownership. The fourth part introduces a general content of women's lifestyle magazines. The last chapter is focused on the role of women and women's lifestyle magazines in the current society. It discusses e. g. the term "double burden". The analytical part combines qualitative and quantitative content research and its main objective is to describe, how the term feminity and the women values (relationships, sexuality, face, health and career) change in women's lifestyle magazines between years 2006 and 2016. The chosen...
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Characters of Sluníčko: representation of femininity and masculinity in Sluníčko magazine
Frolíková, Lenka ; Havelková, Hana (advisor) ; Jiroutová Kynčlová, Tereza (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with representations of femininity and masculinity in Sluníčko magazine. These representations are examined through analysis of men, women, boys, girls and animal characters. The theoretical part defines gender order of contemporary society and its main characteristic. Then usual gender stereotypes in physical appearance, gender roles, interests and characteristics are defined. The diploma thesis then focuses attention to the gender socialization and concept of representations, which are defined as an instrument of power that helps to maintain androcentric order of society. Also the media are considered as significant and important tool of normalization and socialization. Another dimension of the thesis is mapping the "progress" of representations or comparing the two editions - edition n. 8 (published in 174/75) and edition n. 48 (published in 2015). In research the qualitative media analysis is used. It is focused on texts and picture illustrations of femininity and masculinity, therefore on characters. These characters are analysed through four categories - Physical appearance, Gender roles, Activities and interests, Characteristics, while the central categories are "Vacant" femininity and Counterfactuality, which are present throughout the content of both editions. Key...
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Images of femininity and masculinity in Ještěd Novels of Karolína Světlá
Holá, Petra ; Knotková - Čapková, Blanka (advisor) ; Baslarová, Iva (referee)
The subject of this thesis (Images of femininity and masculinity in Ještěd novels by Karolína Světlá) is a gender analysis of selected prose of Karolína Světlá, focused specifically on the works such as Vesnický román, Kříž u potoka, Frantina, Kantůrčice and Nemodlenec. The theoretical part presents basic principles, approaches and methods of the feminist literary theory including concepts focused on analyses of power and domination out of which I mostly use the work by Pierre Bourdieu. The theoretical part also contains positioning the writer's work within the literary-historical context and introducing source texts. The core of the thesis is a gender analysis based on my interpretation of texts and the method of resistant reading that concentrates on specific gender aspects in the entire series of works - the subject of my interest is creating masculinity and femininity (including gender attributes and roles or myths and archetypes), narration of the story from a gender perspective, forms of motherhood and fatherhood, topics of power, violence and sexuality. Attention is also paid to the motives of a victim or romantic love. Not only was this part greatly inspired by the work of foreign authors (Bourdieu, Beauvoir, Pratt), but also by many Czech studies and books applying approaches of the...
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Analysis of Feminity as a cultural and natural phenomenon
Zhukova, Anastasia ; Lapka, Miloslav (advisor) ; Remišová Věšínová, Kamila (referee)
This thesis is focused on examining the phenomenon of feminity in symbolic meaning. The phenomenon of feminity is examined from psychological and socio-biological viewpoint. In this thesis, the phenomenon of feminity is divided into cultural and natural feminity. The cultural part of feminity is then closely examined using the theory of social contructivism, thus as something that is human made and determined by the culture we live in. The natural part of feminity is examined as archetypical feminity. The term archetype used in this thesis was defined by Carl Gustav Jung and his theory is nearly followed. Theoretical part of this thesis is focused on defining basic terms and theory. Analytic part of this thesis si dedicated to the examination of mutual influence between cultural and natural parts of feminity. The last chapter is focusing on finding a way to use obtained outputs in environmental context. Key words: femininity, archetypes, nature, culture
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Sexually liminal periods in the lives of women in Ancient Egypt
Svobodová, Markéta ; Vymazalová, Hana (advisor) ; Pehal, Martin (referee)
The thesis seeks to explain the sexual passages of women related to fertility, such as menstruation, pregnancy and birth, in the ancient Egyptian world. The passages related to fertility have strong connotations with death in the Egyptian mythological context. The aim of the thesis is to understand this relationship, often metaphorically conveyed in iconography or in the netherworld literature. The thesis collects material from various sources, archeological, textual, iconographical, not only Egyptian, but also Greek and Roman. The methods used vary from cognitive linguistics and semiotic analysis to religious anthropology. Menstruation, pregnancy and birth in ancient Egypt are explained not only on the level of the understanding of the body of the Egyptians, but also in terms of what role they play in iconography and mythology. Furthermore, the relationship between birth and death is made with regards to fertility. The basic findings of this thesis consist of illustrating a dichotomy between the feminine nurturing principle of and masculine creative principle which appear in different contexts related to birth and death: in iconography, on the level of bodily fluids, or in mythological creation.
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Sociocultural and spiritual aspects of the image of Nature-Woman in the environmental context
Zhukova, Anastasia ; Lapka, Miloslav (advisor) ; Remišová Věšínová, Kamila (referee)
This Bachelor's thesis is examining how is the image of Nature-Woman used in environmental context. When I speak about the image of Nature-Woman, I mean both explicit depiction of nature as a woman and general depiction of nature with emphasis on its feminine features. The image of Nature- Woman is being examined in following contexts: feminism, Gaia theory, deep ecology and wicca. The phenomenon of femininity is then being examined in two layers of meaning: in sociocultural layer and in spiritual layer. Sociocultural aspects of femininity in this thesis are based on social constructivism. Spiritual layer of femininity is based on archetypal femininity as it was described by C. G. Jung in his theory of archetypes. Questions this thesis examines are as follows: How does environmentalism uses the mythical image of a woman? Is it possible to connect sociocultural and spiritual layers of how femininity is being perceived in order to expand environmental awareness? Methods, that are being used to find answers to these questions are: literature comparation, analysis and deduction. Key words: femininity, archetypes, nature, culture, Gaia
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Organizations of men's movement in the Czech Republic (empirical profile and typology)
Lada, Stanislav ; Skovajsa, Marek (advisor) ; Muhič Dizdarevič, Selma (referee)
The central theme of this diploma thesis are male organizations and although some of them are already long decades old their presence is quite unknown phenomenon among majority of people, so much they stand behind their female counterparts. Therefore I decided to introduce male organizations and areas of their interest, the main goal of this diploma thesis is to create a typology of male organizations in the Czech Republic. The work issues from specification of the terms "masculinity" and "male organizations of civil society", carried out on the basis of publicized theoretical knowledge and my own experience. I begin with organizations of the so-called traditional type to pass on those that are considered to be the so-called new ones and their origin is closely associated with woman's emancipation caused by an expansion of feminism in the last decades of the past century. In connection with the existence of these new organizations it was discussed a concept of the so-called new masculinity for the first time. In the part of my work related to the goal's fulfillment I introduce all male organizations in the Czech Republic and the basis of analyze I create their typology. The analyzed material consists of texts of examined organizations and statements of their representatives. Great attention is also...
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