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Legal protection of civil aviation
Hervertová, Klára ; Moravec, Tomáš (advisor) ; Fireš, Adam (referee)
This thesis deals with aviation law. The aim was to bring the most significant changes that have occurred in the Czech national air law as a result of the Czech Republic accession to the European Union. The work is divided into five chapters. The first chapter provides general information about the air transport, its history, sources and principles of aviation law. Then are mentioned basic forms of legislative regulation of air transport-international contract and international aviation agreement. Following section contains a list of the most important international organizations in the field of air transport. The fourth chapter deals with the legal status of passengers, emphasis is placed on their rights and obligations during air transport. This section also contains legislative adjustments of transport of luggage and distinguishing between the three basic types of travel classes. In the final chapter is characterized the European Aviation Law, its main objectives, mentioning the EU cooperation with third countries in the field of air transport. The conclusion is devoted to the EU's approach to the protection of passengers and its comparison with the approach of Czech Airlines.
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The legislation of the distance contracts according to the new directive on consumer rights
Podhrázská, Lucie ; Neděla, Radek (advisor) ; Pastorčák, Jan (referee)
Consumer protection is one of the major areas that The European Union focused on in recent years. With regard to the developement in technical communication the distance contracts became more important. This diploma thesis is focused on the distance contracts and the aim is to introduce and compare the legislation of the distance contratcts according to the previous directive 97/7/EC on the protection of consumers in respect of distance contracts and the new directive 2011/83/EU on consumer rights. The diploma thesis introduce shortages of the previous directive, reasons for creation the new directive and changes setting up by the new one. The diploma thesis also analyses chosen judgements of The Court of Justice of the European Union relating to the directive 97/7/ES.
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Delivery a payment terms in international sales contract
Peřinová, Hana ; Malý, Josef (advisor)
This thesis analyses an international sales contract especially its two parts, delivery and payment terms. Objective of the thesis is to present the high importance of delivery and payment terms in international sales contracts, how they influence the price as well as the whole business transaction. This text is devided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The first part deals with the whole characterization of an international sales contract, its belongings, legislative definition and detailed description of the delivery and payment terms. International chamber of commerce and insurance are also mentioned. The practical part concerns with anylysis of the particular examples from Ceco-legno company.
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The recruitment and it´s legal framework - Some specifics of the HR process
Skálová, Petra ; Surynek, Alois (advisor) ; Spirit, Michal (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the recruitment and it´s legal framework. It specifies certain activities of the HR process. The aim of the thesis is to familiarize the reader with the practices in human resources management in the organization, together with the restrictions that are stipulated by law. The first chapter deals with the legislative regulation of the issue. Firstly are described the basic concepts related to the topic concept. Following is a list of the legislation of the Czech Republic. The creation and termination of the labour relations is also described. These relations may occur at the labour market regulated by the state in support of the employment in the country. The Czech market is also affected by the European legislation and programmes aimed at productivity growth and unification of the social security of the Member States. The second part is devoted to the development of human resources work and the formation of the new types of employment which arise depending on the needs of the market. The third chapter describes theoretically correct procedure of the recruitment in the company. The recruitment doesn´t end with the signing of the employment contract. It is necessary to establish a plan for the adaptation of the new comers to the company. One of the subheads is dedicated to the principles of the motivation and building loyalty to the company. These activities could help to reduce the risk of increased employee turnover. The last part consists of the research. It looks for the cause of the increased staff turnover in the multinational company based in Prague. Possible mistakes in the HR process might be the cause. The hypothesis were consequently refused or confirmed on the basis of the information gained during the interviews with the HR manager and Senior Account Manager, study of the documents and observation in the office. Conclusion of the project describes proposed solutions which could lead to more effective management of human resources in the company.
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Long-term balancing of the pension account through the promotion policy of the reproductive generation in the Czech Republic
Zachařová, Eva ; Daňhel, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Krebs, Vojtěch (referee) ; Šulc, Jaroslav (referee)
Economic reality of these days shows that pension, social, fiscal and educational system (we did not deal with flat politics friendly to young families) suffer from disputable till wrong decisions in last months and years. Many of such a decision seemed not to be effected based on scientific and expert analyses, results and recommendations but based on influence and obstinacy of the lobbyist parties and other groups. In the area of social politics we are missing the real social abstraction (i.e. long-term perspective of the social politics bearing) which could be acceptable by the residents. Pension savings and supplementary insurance act as barter -- we send to you contributions, you invest them into our bonds emitated to balance government debt (caused by this contributions as well) -- you have your profits, we have balance and meet liabilities. Fiscal system with its deductions, discounts and consolidations gives a favour to specific groups prior to the others. Social system with its substitutional durations, early pensions, excess indexation, parent leave duration and other advantages destroys natural development of the society, its revenues and expenditures. Early age educational system cannot ensure a sufficient pre-school education and changes parents into the bribees in bulk in order to find a place for their children (4-years and older). Than prolonged compulsory education causes prolonged entrance to the job market. High schools and universities throw up crowds of graduates without necessary practical skills which cause high amount of a young unemployment. We are the country of phenomenons. In the area of supplementary insurance support to the private pension companies we are the best. In the area of advanced women support for family and occupational life coordination (part-time jobs, flexible labour contracts, huge scale of pre-school day-care service) we are the worst and not only in domestic but also international comparison. We face absence of qualified work-force, human capital (necessary for healthy economic and social progress) in 50 or 60 years. This thesis has had for one's object to confirm or disconfirm the main hypothesis that with combination of defined important instruments and politics (aimed to non-financial benefits and huge flexible labour contracts supply) there is a possibility to achieve the long-term sustainability and balance of the pension account with not big shortage, no direction to destroy the whole economic development and with support to flexible job market. For children the thesis perhaps controversially looks as for human capital but from the economic point of view this is correct. In case of the Czech Republic the government approach does not work, the municipalities approach is absolutely unconceptual which restrains in many regions to achieve the co-operation of work and family life, to achieve the high standard of living of families, both due to unsupported pre-school day-care. We could accept one new solution -- no employers pension funds but employers pre-school day-care in co-operation with government and municipalities. This thesis established a hypothesis at the beginning which has been confirmed. PAYG in case of correct co-operation of important politics remains in long-term period stable (on condition 2 children for 1 mother), is just and effective. State income redistribution has moved to the service provider. Costs of such a day-care have been covered by revocation or reduction of the supplementary pension benefits, cancellation of the second pension pillar, shortening of the parent leave supplement, increasing of the employment and employees activity, increasing of efficiency and productivity and consequently profits of the companies and tradesmen. In combination with the high-quality fiscal politics without distortion and without one-side favouritism and senseless reliefs there has been secured stability of pension account, whole economy and public finance. Lower redistribution has been compensated by higher consumption and investment, government spending etc.
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Entering into employment
Kratochvílová, Helena ; Soušková, Milena (advisor) ; Spirit, Michal (referee)
The thesis concers the conclusion of employment. The first chapter characterize emplyoment. The next chapter describes the process before employment. There is also the chapter about the rule of equal treatment and prohibition of discrimination. The essential part of this thesis is devoted to the contract of employment and its necessities. The thesis has a separated chapter about the rights and duties arising from employment contract. Also the experiance of the emplyers and employees with the conclusion of the emplyment is carried out.
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Zmluva o dielo podl´a nového občianskeho zákonníka
Varhoľová, Zuzana
This thesis is concerned with the issue of contract for work under the new civil code. The main objective of this work, based on the analysis of particular con-tracts for work, concluded between entrepreneurs, is to analyze the degree of effectiveness of securing legal means and formulate general recommendations for businessmen who are using the contract for work. The work is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The first part deals with the recast of the law and changes arising from there, specializing in the changes concerning the contract for work. The theoretical part deals with contractual relations, following a detailed contract for work. The practical part consists of an analysis of individual contract articles and recommendations for preventing the defaults in contracts. Finally, the practical part represents a summary of the deficiencies and recommendations to solve them.
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Accounting and tax aspects of labour regulations
Kubíková, Kateřina ; Molín, Jan (advisor) ; Müllerová, Libuše (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to describe the factors which influence the amount of the employee's wage and the tax base for the calculation of tax on personal income. Chapters therefore deal with the conclusion of the employment contract and the commencement of employment, on the rules of remuneration of employees under the Labor Code and related components of wages, then there is also mentioned reimbursement of expenses, which may arise in relation with the performing work, marginally are mentioned employee benefits. Other chapters deal with deductions from wages in the form of social security, health insurance and tax on personal income. Finally, there is an accounting of the facts, which have been mentioned in the course of thesis.
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IFRS 4 Insurance Contracts phase II
Stejskalová, Martina ; Bokšová, Jiřina (advisor) ; Randáková, Monika (referee)
Thesis deals with harmonization of financial reporting in the area of insurance contracts. IFRS 4 phase I adjusts reporting of insurance contracts, defines a term insurance contract, bans generating catastrophe provisions or equalisation provisions, show a new view at reporting of insurance contract with discretionary participation feature and at reporting embedded derivates.IFRS 4 phase II solves complex reporting of insurance contracts. The aim is to achieve "real" measurement of liabilities arising from insurance contracts. The thesis shows a measurement model form exposure draft.
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