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Exceptions to the positive relationship between species diversity and environmental heterogeneity
Srpová, Tereza ; Hořák, David (advisor) ; Divíšek, Jan (referee)
The positive relationship between environmental heterogeneity and species richness has been taken for granted for many years. However, recent studies have revealed possible alternatives to this positive relationship, such as negative or unimodal relationship. There are many possible explanations for these alternative relationships. Increasing spatial heterogeneity of a biotope of a given size inevitably leads to reduction in the effective area available to the organisms inhabiting it. At the same time, increased environmental heterogeneity can lead to fragmentation and isolation of biotope patches, which can have negative consequences for the species richness of the community. Inadequate methodology may be one of the reasons why these alternative relationships have only been discovered in the recent years. Correct information on the relationship between environmental heterogeneity and species richness is essential for decisions on biodiversity conservation. For this reason, it is necessary to discover such alternative relationships in specific ecosystems, which we aim to protect, and to always take them into account, even if they are less common.
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The use of grant programs to support well-being
Váňová, Kamila ; Marádová, Eva (advisor) ; Komorná, Marie (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on the issue of wellbeing in inclusive education and the opportunities for drawing on grant funds to support activities aimed at wellbeing in primary schools. Specifically, it provides insight into how schools established according to § 16 Act no. 561/2004 Sb. - the education law, participate in the grant call of the Ministry of Education, Youth, and Sports Template I supporting school wellbeing activities. The aim of the thesis is to describe, based on research, how the implemented financial support from grant sources is reflected in the life of the school. The theoretical part, as the first part of the thesis, describes the concept of wellbeing and also offers an overview of grant support intended for schools and their activities. The second part of the bachelor thesis includes a description of the research investigation, which is divided into two phases. The conducted research took place in two phases. In the first phase of the research, quantitative investigation of data on the involvement of all schools in the grant call Template I was carried out. Based on the conclusions drawn from the first phase, questions were developed for the second phase of the research (qualitative), conducted through interviews. The research findings indicated that schools consider...
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Business management instruction to the governing bodies of limited companies
Vejlupek, Šimon ; Tomášek, Petr (advisor) ; Josková, Lucie (referee)
Business management instructions to the governing bodies of limited companies Abstract The topic of the Master's thesis is the granting of instructions to the governing bodies of limited companies into the business management, with a focus on the instructions given by the supreme body of the company. The thesis contains a summary of definitions and theoretical perspectives on business management, while also defining the business management instruction itself. The thesis distinguishes between specific business management instructions, strategic or conceptual instructions and principles, and includes a reflection on the form of the instruction. Furthermore, the thesis focuses on admissible instructions, in particular on instructions requested by the statutory body and strategic and conceptual instructions; inadmissible instructions and the consequences of giving both admissible and inadmissible instructions are also analysed. The thesis provides a comprehensive analysis of the German legislation on instructions to the business management, a brief insight into the systematics of German commercial law, the law of limited companies and finally a detailed analysis of the regulation of instructions within a limited liability company and a joint-stock company. Of the comparison of the two regulations, the section...
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High-Level Programming Language Transpilers
Mokriš, Andrej ; Havel, Martin (referee) ; Meduna, Alexandr (advisor)
Rýchly vývoj programovacích jazykov priniesol radu praktických problémov, napríklad obmedzenú spätnú kompatibilitu. Časť týchto problémov môže byť riešená transpilátormi. Táto práca predstavuje základné koncepty z teórie formálnych jazykov, prekladačov a prístupov k syntaktickej analýze. Cieľom práce je navrhnúť a implementovať transpilátor, ktorý prekladá podmnožinu jazyka PHP do jazyka JavaScript.
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Technical-economic framework for the integration of individual and community electricity generating plants
Vaculík, Tomáš ; Radil, Lukáš (referee) ; Drápela, Jiří (advisor)
In conection with current energy situation, efforts to achieve energy self-sufficiency are increasing in the Czech Republic and the rest of the Europe. Renewable energy sources can already be used within households. However, not everyone has the opportunity to purchase and operate such a factory. The solution to these problems may bet he increasingly discussed community energy, which is becoming more popular in the Czech Republic in connection with changing legislation and financial motivation in the form of various grants and subsides. The purpose of this work is to create a summary of the most important information of the technical and economic framework and subsequent creation of an easily modifiable and parameterized model of energy communities, which will show the technical properties of individual connections, such as power losses or the influence of metrics on the resulting values of measured energy.
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Speech therapy prevention from the perspective of the kindergarten director
Nedvědická, Veronika ; Urbanová, Eva (advisor) ; Dostálová, Vladimíra (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of speech therapy prevention from the perspective of the kindergarten director. In accordance with the aim of the thesis, it analyses the current situation and identifies the possibilities of support and risks in the field of speech therapy prevention in selected kindergartens. It studies the state and level of work in kidergartens in terms of ensuring cooperation with a special pedagogical center, a pedagogical-psychological counselling center, a clinical speech therapist and further education of pedagogical staff with a focus on speech therapy assistants. It also indicates the possibilities of obtaining financial resources for aids for children with speech disorders, for further education of teaching staff or for possible cooperation with a clinical speech therapist directly in the kindergarten. The thesis also mentions the grant programs offered by the Ministry of Education and Culture. It also outlines a possible procedure for changing or increasing the efficiency of speech therapy prevention and motivational methods for the active approach of teaching staff, which can be used by the kindergarten director. The theoretical part of the work is complemented by the analysis of the research survey data, for which the qualitative research method was chosen....
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Whistleblower Protection
Andraš, Jozef ; Tomšej, Jakub (advisor) ; Vysokajová, Margerita (referee)
Whistleblowers play a key role in highlighting corruption and other illegal activities in both the private and public sectors, hence it is important to grant them appropriate legal protection. The present rigorous thesis provides a comprehensive analysis of the current legal framework for whistleblower protection in the Czech Republic, which reflects obligations under European Union and international law. The introductory section presents the theoretical aspects of whistleblowing, including the history, definitions and characteristics of the concept. It also describes the subjects of whistleblowing and explains the differences between internal and external whistleblowing. The author does not neglect the related European and international aspects of whistleblower protection, with an emphasis on key decisions of the European Court of Human Rights and the Directive (EU) 2019/1937 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2019 on the protection of persons reporting breaches of Union law. Attention is also paid to the partial regulation in individual branches of law and legislative attempts to adopt comprehensive legislation in this area. The main part of the thesis deals with the legislation currently in effect in the Czech Republic, namely Act No. 171/2023 Sb. The author focuses on...
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Legal status of athletes in team sports
Beneš, Marek ; Morávek, Jakub (advisor) ; Matějka Řehořová, Lucie (referee)
in English language The thesis is dedicated to the issue of the legal status of athletes, with the greatest emphasis placed on professional athletes engaged in team sports. Under the current legal framework in the Czech Republic, professional athletes are generally considered self-employed individuals, which does not correspond to the global trend of granting employee status through employment contracts. The intention of this thesis is not only to describe the current state of legal regulation in the Czech Republic but also to propose possible directions for future legislative efforts, as the current state cannot be considered satisfactory. The thesis will address this issue from the perspective of professional team sports in general, as well as from the perspective of a specific sports sector, which will provide an opportunity for practical application of general findings. This sector will be ice hockey, through which the thesis will also compare Czech legal regulation with that of Switzerland, where the employment relationship between professional athletes and sports clubs is characteristic. The thesis is divided into seven parts. The first part defines basic concepts related to sports law and sports in general, providing necessary groundwork for understanding the subsequent sections. The second...
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Comparasing of Disability Pension in the Czech Republic and Germany
KUŽELOVÁ, Markéta
The bachelor thesis focuses on the comparison of disability pensions in the Czech Republic and Germany. The aim of the bachelor thesis is to comprehensively describe the details and differences between the disability pension systems in these countries. It is a theoretical work. Data concerning a specific social benefit, namely the disability pension, are summarized and analyzed. Disability is defined as the limitation or loss of the ability to work due to a long-term adverse health condition. The chapters in this thesis focus on topics related to disability. Disability is a part of human life; one never knows when he or she will be in a situation where he or she will need help, not only from family but also from the government. Support in the event of long-term ill health is one of the tasks of both pension systems, both in the Czech Republic and in Germany. The main part of the bachelor thesis is focused on the comparison of disability pensions. The comparison of invalidity pensions consists in comparing the conditions of entitlement to invalidity pensions, the amount of invalidity pensions, the assessment of invalidity pensions, and the application for invalidity pensions. As an additional comparative element, the paper presents the total number of pensions paid in the Czech Republic and Germany, the average age of disability pensions in selected years and the number of newly granted disability pensions. The last statistic on disability pensions compares some disability pensions in the Czech Republic and Germany. The bachelor thesis can be used as an informative material and to better orient the systems in these countries.
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