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Effect of Sleep Education and Behavioral Techniques on Sleep and Emotional Regulation in Patients with Insomnia.
Smolková, Eliška ; Janků, Karolina (advisor) ; Horáková, Hana (referee)
This diploma thesis introduces the topic of a short-termed approach to treating insomnia. The theoretical part addresses healthy sleep and sleep assessment methods. It describes insomnia and a large part of the thesis is devoted to the treatment of this sleep disorder. The thesis introduces the relationship between emotional regulation and sleep. The aim of the empirical part is to investigate the effect of a short program dedicated to insomnia on sleep parameters (time in bed, total sleep time, sleep efficiency, sleep onset latency), on the severity of insomnia and on difficulties in emotional regulation in individuals suffering from insomnia. The pilot research is examining the variables listed above before and after the programme. The results suggest significant changes in sleep parameters, insomnia severity and difficulties in emotional regulation after the programme. Limitations of the present study are discussed and recommendations for further research in the area of short-term therapies for insomnia are provided. Key words: insomnia; emotion regulation; behavioural approach; cognitive behavioural therapy
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A high-temperature LC-MS method for bottom-up proteomic analyses with reduced artifacts
Starovoit, Mykyta ; Lenčo, Juraj (advisor) ; Sklenářová, Hana (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Analytical Chemistry Candidate: Mykyta Starovoit Supervisor: PharmDr. Juraj Lenčo, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: A high-temperature LC-MS method for bottom-up proteomic analyses with reduced artifacts Proteomic bottom-up LC-MS analyses need more efficient chromatographic separation to keep up with the advances in mass spectrometry and fully exploit the potential of state-of- the-art MS instruments. Elevation of column temperature represents one of the most powerful and cost-effective means for improvement of separation performance. However, high temperature also promotes in-column modification of peptides, putting a spoke in the wheel of sophisticated proteomic analyses. The current method aims to minimize the formation of temperature-related artifacts via a novel high-flow trap-elute setup with differential column heating. The trap-elute setup reduces the time peptides spend in the heated separation column, resulting in fewer generated artifacts. This mitigates an important drawback of the high column temperature. At the same time, it does not diminish its positive effect on the separation performance. Consequently, the utilization of the elevated column temperature becomes more profitable. The proposed method reduced the artifact abundance...
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Luminiscence of uranyl minerals and possibilities of its use as an analytical method
Cenek, Ondřej ; Goliáš, Viktor (advisor) ; Zachariáš, Jiří (referee)
This paper deals with the study of luminescence of uranyl minerals in ultraviolet radiation. Mineral samples of metaautunite, schröckingerite, natrozippeite and saléeite were studied. Twenty samples were selected for research and they were unambiguously determined using X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive spectrometry. For each sample, a luminescence spectrum was taken at 405 nm excitation radiation. Luminescence spectra were analyzed. The luminescence spectra of metaautunite contain 6 energy maxima. The maximum with the highest intensity is at an average position of 525.1 nm. Anomalous values are shown by two samples with an admixture of metauranocircite. The luminescence spectra of saléeite show a shift to lower wavelengths compared to metaautunite, caused by a change in the main cation (Ca - Mg). The spectra of saléeite show 5-7 energy maxima and the maximum with the highest intensity is at an average position of 521.2 nm. The spectra of schröckingerite contain 8-9 energy maxima and the maximum with the highest intensity is at an average position of 505.4 nm. An anomalous spectrum is shown by a sample with liebigite admixture. The luminescence spectra of natrozippeite are different compared to the other minerals used in this work. The spectra do not show isolated energy maxima, but one broad...
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Determination of contaminants using online hyphenation of extraction and liquid chromatography via column-switching system
Čeřovský, Tadeáš ; Lhotská, Ivona (advisor) ; Šatínský, Dalibor (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Analytical Chemistry Candidate: Tadeáš Čeřovský Supervisor: PharmDr. Ivona Lhotská, Ph.D. Title of the diploma thesis: Determination of contaminants using online hyphenation of extraction and liquid chromatography via column-switching system This diploma thesis is focused on testing new types of nanofibers as sorbents for extraction and their online connection with liquid chromatography using a column- switching system. In this work, polyamide nanofibers (PA) were tested, including types PA 6, PA 11, PA 4/6, PA 6/12, and PA 6(3)T. PA 4/6 nanofibers, which exhibited the best extraction properties, were applied for a method optimization using the online connection of extraction and liquid chromatography via a column-switching system for the determination of contaminants in natural waters. During the method optimization, a suitable analytical column was selected. Furthermore, optimal gradient elution was determined experimentally, and the process of packing the extraction column, manually filled with polyamide nanofibers, was optimized. Parameters such as duration of washing, valve switching time, and sample volume were also optimized. Detection was carried out using a DAD detector at a wavelength of 220 nm. The result of the work...
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Measurement and assessment techniques in nursing care
Moncoľová, Zuzana ; Jirkovský, Daniel (advisor) ; Haluzíková, Jana (referee)
The bachelor's thesis "Measurement and evaluation techniques in nursing care" is devoted to the basic characteristics, negatives and evaluation of individual evaluation and measurement tools. The aim of the work was to find out the knowledge of nurses about currently used measurement and evaluation techniques in nursing care. Another goal was to find out what the nurses consider to be the biggest limits when using rating scales and their interest in education on the issue being addressed. The theoretical part of the thesis contains basic information about the problem being solved, such as a description of selected measurement and evaluation tools. The empirical part presents the results of own research and their comparison with other professional works. The method used in the research was a questionnaire survey using a self-constructed questionnaire that was distributed to practical and general nurses in the university hospital in Motol. Results: Based on their own research, it was found that almost 59 % of respondents do not consider evaluation and measurement techniques as a waste of time, and almost 60 % of respondents state that time is the biggest limitation of evaluation scales. A less positive finding was that only less than 30 % of the respondents had attended a lecture on the topic in the...
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Study of the cytostatic effects of sulfur mustard
Krejčová, Martina ; Pourová, Jana (advisor) ; Vokřál, Ivan (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Student: Martina Krejčová Supervisor: doc. PharmDr. Jana Pourová, Ph.D. Consultant: Mgr. Petr Jošt. Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Study of the cytostatic effects of sulfur mustard Sulfur mustard (HD) belongs to blistering agents used in chemical warfare. It is a bifunctional alkylating agent that covalently modifies DNA. The cytostatic effect of HD is characterized by halting cell division without cell death. The duration for which a cell can remain in this state depends on the extent of DNA damage, which can subsequently be converted into a cytotoxic effect leading to cell death. The aim of the study was to determine the concentration range of HD gas that exhibits cytostatic effects and to investigate the sensitivity of HaCaT skin keratinocyte cells synchronized in the G1, S, and G2/M phases of the cell cycle to alkylating damage induction following release from cell cycle blockage. The cytostatic effect was observed only at very low concentrations, in the range of units of µmol.l-1 . In our experiments, a concentration of 2 µmol.l-1 of HD prevented cell proliferation for 2 days. Lower, submicromolar concentrations, had a stimulatory effect on cell proliferation, while higher concentrations of HD...
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Factors determining distribution of mycotrophic plants
Novák, František ; Ponert, Jan (advisor) ; Kolaříková, Zuzana (referee)
Myco-heterotrophic plants acquire carbon from fungi. They are distributed all around the world except Antarctica. Despite wide distribution these plants are rare. The aim of this review is to find factors important for their distribution. They can be found only in places where their host fungi occur, but not at all places where the host fungi grow. Typical environment where we can find these plants are shady and moist sites in forest understoreys where competition of autotrophic plants is not so high. Their dust seeds are dispersed by wind, water or animals. However, air movement is usually limited in forest understoreys and dispersal by water is also limited in a layer of leaf litter, likely restricting distribution of the plants. Suitable sites apart from being moist, shady and containing host fungi, should also meet specific soil nutrient requirements. These plants usually occur on soils with low amount of available inorganic forms of nitrogen and phosphorus. In these environments autotrophic plants likely need mycorrhizal fungi to obtain nutrients, so they feed them with enough carbon that can be subsequently transported to myco-heterotrophic plants. Myco-heterotrophic plants can be observed only during flowering and fruiting so proper timing is necessary for observation. Understanding of interactions...
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Current knowledge and challenges associated with embryo transfer in assisted reproduction in humans and selected mammals.
Hrdová, Lucie ; Komrsková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Cozlová, Nina (referee)
The embryo transfer represents the final and pivotal step of in vitro fertilization, which leads to a successful implantation of the embryo into the uterus and subsequent birth of a healthy offspring if executed correctly. This bachelor thesis focuses on the technique of transfer using a catheter and the potential complications associated with it, including the optimal timing for the procedure. Furthermore, differences in forms of embryo transfer are discussed, assessing advantages and risks, comparing single and multiple, as well as fresh and frozen embryo transfer. The thesis introduces the related topic of cryopreservation and the possibilities in terms of preserving embryos for future use. This thesis also covers hormonal stimulation and uterine response, addressing specifically the role of gonadotropins, steroid hormones, prostaglandins, and the potential positive influence of human growth hormone on optimizing successful outcomes in assisted reproduction. Additionally, possible complications associated with embryo transfer in the early stages of pregnancy, as well as complications that may arise before the actual embryo implantation occurs are covered. Lastly, the issues related to embryo transfer in the context of controlled breeding of selected domesticated animals and endangered mammalian...
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The Card Game Dobble as a Diagnostic Tool
Zemanová, Anežka ; Děchtěrenko, Filip (advisor) ; Urban, Kamila (referee)
This thesis examines the Dobble card game and its possible use in psychodiagnostics. The main goals are to present this game, to find out what properties of the cards affect the performance in this game, to compare the performance in Dobble with the results of selected commonly used psychological tests and possibly to present an alternative psychodiagnostic tool. The theoretical part describes the use of social games outside the game context, explains the phenomena of visual search, which is applied when playing Dobble, and discusses selected psychological tests. The empirical part presents quantitative research conducted on 50 volunteers who played three rounds of Dobble and completed several psychological tests as part of the research. The results show that the individual cards do not differ in difficulty. The time it takes to find a matching image is influenced by the repetition of the searched symbol. Dobble performance is related to the d2 attention test Concentration Performance score and the result of the Vienna Matrix Intelligence Test. Conversely, no relationship was found between performance in this game and the reproduction of the Taylor Complex Figure or the Trail Making Test. This research is the first of its kind dealing with the card game Dobble and shows that it would be appropriate...
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Design, preparation and structural studies of biologically relevant protein variants of cancer-related Carbonic Anhydrase IX
Fejfarová, Adéla ; Maloy Řezáčová, Pavlína (advisor) ; Novotný, Marian (referee)
3 Abstract Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) represents an attractive target for the development of anticancer drugs as it is overexpressed in various types of solid tumors. By its catalytic activity, CA IX assists the cancer cells to maintain the optimal intracellular pH and to acidify the extracellular milieu promoting tumor development. There are twelve enzymatically active carbonic anhydrases (CAs) present in human body, all sharing a high sequence identity and a typical β-sheet structural fold of the well-studied catalytic domain. Although, the activity of CAs is efficiently inhibited by sulfonamide-containing compounds, the design of inhibitor selective to the cancer-related CA IX has been hampered by the high sequence conservation. CA IX has several unique features compared to other members of the family, which investigation may help in the development of selective drug compounds. Namely, it is a type I transmembrane dimeric protein with unique N-terminal proteoglycan-like (PG) domain, extracellular catalytic domain, and short cytoplasmic C-terminal segment. The above denoted traits make CA IX subject of structure-based drug design efforts. However, the expression and purification in high yield as well as crystallization experiments has been challenging. Therefore, protein variant bearing six amino acid...
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