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Crisis intervention for male victims of sexual violence
Bendová, Lucie ; Záplatová, Klára (advisor) ; Vítek, Petr (referee)
This bachelor's thesis is devoted to crisis intervention for male victims of sexual violence. Crisis services function as crisis intervention centers for a wide group of clients. They may also include men with a history of sexual violence. Thus, this work explores sexual violence among men and crisis work with them. The theoretical part defines the concept of sexual violence and indicates its prevalence among men in society. It also describes the consequences of sexual violence and discusses the differences in the experience and consequences between women and men. The theoretical part describes the issue of reporting sexual violence and mentions the barriers that can prevent it from being reported. The last chapter focuses on the definition of crisis intervention and its form, it also focuses on the specifics of work with sexual violence and maps Prague crisis centers and crisis lines. The theoretical part also discusses possible shortcomings of crisis intervention when working with male victims of sexual violence. The empirical part follows on from the presented findings from the theoretical part and presents a research proposal that aims to find out the attitudes of crisis intervention workers regarding effective work with male victims of sexual violence. The proposed research is inspired by the...
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Anxiety disorders from a biological and psychological perspective
Záplatová, Klára ; Šivicová, Gabriela (advisor) ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (referee)
Barchelor thesis focuses on anxiety disorders from a biological and psychological perspective. This thesis aims to provide anxiety disorders in their entireness. For this reason, thesis focuses on psychological and physical symptoms of anxiety. Topic contains unconscious symptoms manifesting inside of a man. Thesis is divided into two main parts. First one consists of literature review, the second one consists of experiment design. Experiment design deals with physiological symptoms of social phobia. It is focused on specific brain areas and cortisol level in anxiety feeling as well as to feeling of a man during the experiment. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Individuals with ADHD
Pertlová, Klára ; Záplatová, Klára (advisor) ; Maulisová, Alice (referee)
This bachelor's thesis focuses on the diagnosis of Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (Complex PTSD), which appears officially in the new version of the International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision (ICD-11). Complex PTSD is then associated with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The theoretical part of the thesis briefly introduces the diagnosis of PTSD and particularly delves into the issues of complex trauma, especially concerning childhood experiences. Additionally, the thesis presents the ADHD syndrome and, in the final chapter, explores studies that investigate the co-occurrence of PTSD/Complex PTSD and ADHD, along with treatment approaches for both diagnoses. The empirical part includes a proposed research project whose main objective is to determine whether the symptomatology of Complex PTSD is more prevalent in adults with ADHD compared to individuals without this diagnosis. Another important aspect of the research is to investigate whether childhood traumatic experiences are linked to the symptomatology of Complex PTSD. For this purpose, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ), and the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) will be utilized. Studies examining the symptomatology of PTSD and Complex PTSD in individuals...
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Effect of sleep on trauma processing
Kalenská, Lucie ; Záplatová, Klára (advisor) ; Janků, Karolina (referee)
The topic of this bachelor's thesis is to explore the impact of sleep on trauma processing. The thesis focuses on mapping the current knowledge about trauma and the factors that influence the development of trauma-related disorders, especially post-traumatic stress disorder, and the mechanisms of its functioning, especially in terms of cognitive models of the disorder. It also presents the current treatment options and their effectiveness, with most attention given to the method of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing. The thesis also presents the problematic of post-traumatic stress disorder in the context of sleep, describing the processes that take place during sleep, the bidirectional relationship between sleep and health, and how this relationship manifests itself in post-traumatic stress disorder. The thesis also focuses on the problematic of memory consolidation and the method of targeted memory reactivation. The thesis also aims to design a research project that uses findings from the theoretical part. The aim of the research design is to test the effectiveness of targeted memory reactivation for patients with PTSD and to discuss the potential benefits and limitations of such intervention. Key words: post-traumatic stress disorder; cognitive models; sleep; memory consolidation;...
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Crisis intervention for male victims of sexual violence
Bendová, Lucie ; Záplatová, Klára (advisor) ; Burian Lexová, Eliška (referee)
This bachelor's thesis is devoted to crisis intervention for male victims of sexual violence. The theoretical part defines the concept of sexual violence and gives its prevalence in society. It also describes the consequences of sexual violence and the differences in the experience and consequences between women and men. The theoretical part also describes the issue of reporting sexual violence and mentions the barriers that can prevent it from being reported. The last chapter focuses on the definition of crisis intervention, its forms, procedures, it focuses on the specifics of crisis intervention with sexual violence and maps crisis centers and crisis lines found in Prague. The theoretical part covers possible shortcomings of crisis intervention when working with male victims of sexual violence. The empirical part presents a research proposal that aims to determine the perceived effectiveness of crisis intervention when working with male victims of sexual violence. The proposed research asks whether we will find an association between the factors of personal experiences of the interventionist with sexual violence, gender of the interventionist, direct work experience with male victims of sexual violence and perceived self-efficacy at work. Key words: Sexual violence, crisis intervention, men,...
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Healing Trauma: A Neuroscientific Perspective
Lebedová, Anna ; Záplatová, Klára (advisor) ; Jonáš, Juraj (referee)
Trauma has been an important topic of psychology from the very beginning. However, the view of it has been changing since then, in recent decades, among other things, due to the findings of modern neurosciences, which can look at trauma at the level of neurobiological changes. Over time, methods of healing trauma have also been refined and their effect has been the subject of research. This thesis is based on the existing knowledge of the impact of trauma on humans at both psychological and physiological level and the possibilities of psychotherapeutic work as its treatment. The theoretical section provides an overview of key definitions and distinguishes the concepts of C-PTSD, DTD and attachment trauma. It discusses the effects of early trauma on the development of brain structures and systems and touches on the neurobiology of attachment. In the last chapter, it offers a brief comparison of treatment methods with an emphasis on trauma-focused psychotherapeutic approaches, particularly the PBSP system. The empirical section presents a research design, built on the referred theoretical findings, in order to examine changes in activation of brain regions in persons with attachment trauma in response to a stimulus associated with the traumatic event, before and after receiving a PBSP intervention....
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Replacement Child Syndrome: the Way of Communicating the Death of a Sibling and the Subsequent Relationships in the Family
Hedlová, Karolína ; Záplatová, Klára (advisor) ; Vlčková, Karolína (referee)
This paper deals with the phenomenon of replacement children, most often referred to in the literature as the "replacement child syndrome". The theoretical part presents the existing knowledge that exists about the experience and lived experience of replacement children. It also discusses subsequent pregnancy, the course of which has an impact on the later atmosphere in the family. There is also a chapter on the topic of family communication about death, including a focus on the death of a sibling. The research design focuses on family communication about the death of a sibling. Specifically, it deals with the issue of family communication with these children, namely the fact that there was another sibling in the family who died before they were born. The research aims to find out what effect the mode of communication had on subsequent relationships within the family.
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Specifics of communication within the special field of forensic psychology: Testimony of witnesses to violent crimes
Obuchova, Michaela ; Faberová, Karolína (advisor) ; Záplatová, Klára (referee)
UNIVERZITA KARLOVA Filozofická fakulta Katedra psychologie Bakalářská práce Michaela Obuchova Specifika komunikace v rámci speciální oblasti forenzní psychologie: Svědecká výpověď svědků násilných trestních činů Specifics of communication within the special field of forensic psychology: Testimony of witnesses to violent crimes Vedoucí práce: Mgr. Karolína Faberová 2022 Abstract The present bachelor thesis deals with witness testimony, psychological aspects of its formation and the process of interrogation with a focus on the specifics of a witness to a violent crime. It aims to describe and discuss the aspects that influence the obtaining of a complete and truthful statement. The focus is on the person of the witness and their psychological processes during the actual event under investigation, during the interrogation situation and also in between. In particular, the literature review section describes a summary of the current knowledge about witness testimony, the psychological aspects of its formation, the interrogation and its process. It highlights the multidisciplinary context - legal, criminalistic and psychological perspectives on witness testimony and witness interrogation. Attention is also focused on the findings of previous studies regarding the psychological processes that influence the...
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Traumatic childhood experiences in perpetrators of domestic violence
Macháčková, Denisa ; Androvičová, Renáta (advisor) ; Záplatová, Klára (referee)
The bachelor's thesis focuses on the phenomenon of domestic violence, specifically on the perpetrators of domestic violence and the connection with their traumatic experiences with violence in childhood. It first briefly describes domestic violence, the evolution of the concept and other terms associated with it. It then discusses the characteristics, types and consequences of domestic violence. The thesis also looks at the actors of domestic violence. Persons at risk of violence and perpetrators are described, and typologies, characteristics, causes and motivations for perpetrating violence are presented. The intergenerational transmission of violence is also mentioned. Subsequently, the work focuses on the child traumatized by family violence. It describes the trauma, its manifestations, consequences and the nervous system response. Finally, it also summarizes research on the prevalence of family violence experiences during childhood among perpetrators of domestic violence. In relation to the findings, a quantitative research project is proposed to investigate the association between violent behaviour in adulthood and traumatic experiences of family violence during childhood. Key words Domestic violence, perpetrators of domestic violence, children, trauma
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Dissociation and trauma
Urbánková, Anna ; Záplatová, Klára (advisor) ; Niederlová, Markéta (referee)
The thesis deals with dissociation, trauma and their relationship. More space is devoted to the phenomenon of dissociation, due to its theoretical complexity and disunity of conception. The clinical perspective on dissociative states is mentioned first. The history, different perspectives through which the phenomenon is approached and recent, empirically supported models that demonstrate the functioning of dissociation are outlined. Attention is focused on the dissociative continuum and the findings associated with the approach. Some of the phenomena classified under pathological and non-pathological forms of dissociation are described. Trauma is discussed in the paper with reference to its definition, forms and events that cause traumatization. Following the ways of traumatization, the topics of developmental trauma and transgenerational transmission are briefly covered. The consequences of post-traumatic stress are demonstrated by the acute stress response and post-traumatic stress disorder. The paper discusses the relationship between dissociation and trauma, which is characterized with regard to temporality. When dissociative states occur immediately following a traumatic event and have a protective function or when they persist for a long time and disrupt everyday existence. These issues form...
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