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Linguistic minorities in Spain. Competition between Catalan and Spanish in Catalonia
Vítková, Alžběta ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
This Master's thesis deals with multilingualism in Spain, illustrated by the concrete example of competition between Spanish and Catalan in Catalonia. The first part of this paper presents the current sociolinguistic situation in Catalonia within the context of theoretical concepts such as the identity function of language, language contact, diglossia and bilingualism. The second part outlines the historical and legislative context of the coexistence of Catalan and Spanish language in the Catalan territory. The third part focuses on methodology of the analysis and presents the models of language policy and language planning. The empirical analysis, both qualitative and quantitative, investigates the competition between Spanish and Catalan in the public sector (in the fields of education, culture, public administration and also individual use of Catalan). The results of the analysis demonstrate that, despite an important level of competition between the two languages and some cases of language rights violation, Catalan and Spanish also influence each other. Finally, the application of the models of language policy and language planning show that the position of Catalan strengthens and consolidates its position in the territory of Catalonia.
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French pronoun on and its counterparts in Czech and Spanish
Vítková, Alžběta ; Nádvorníková, Olga (advisor) ; Mudrochová, Radka (referee)
This bachelor's thesis French pronoun on and its counterparts in Czech and Spanish deals with the referential plurality of the French pronoun on. A special attention is paid to the degree of reference's determination. The theoretical part presents different perspectives of the study of this pronoun and of its meaning. Then, evolution of its use as well as types of its counterparts in Czech and Spanish are introduced. The empirical part analyses data excerpted from the parallel corpus InterCorp. It demonstrates that counterparts in Czech and Spanish are usually classified in different formal types. However, the degrees of reference determination in Czech and Spanish correspond in more than a half of instances. Research shows that the reference's determination is defined by the context (immediate, large and extralinguistic as well), nevertheless an objective universal determination remains impossible. Moreover, legal texts tend to employ the lowest degree of determination while the degrees of determination in fiction seem to be quite equally spread.
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French pronoun on and its counterparts in Czech and Spanish
Vítková, Alžběta ; Nádvorníková, Olga (advisor) ; Mudrochová, Radka (referee)
This bachelor's thesis French pronoun on and its counterparts in Czech and Spanish deals with the referential plurality of the French pronoun on. A special attention is paid to the degree of reference's determination. The theoretical part presents different perspectives of the study of this pronoun and of its meaning. Then, evolution of its use as well as types of its counterparts in Czech and Spanish are introduced. The empirical part analyses data excerpted from the parallel corpus InterCorp. It demonstrates that counterparts in Czech and Spanish are usually classified in different formal types. However, the degrees of reference determination in Czech and Spanish correspond in more than a half of instances. Research shows that the reference's determination is defined by the context (immediate, large and extralinguistic as well), nevertheless an objective universal determination remains impossible. Moreover, legal texts tend to employ the lowest degree of determination while the degrees of determination in fiction seem to be quite equally spread.
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Occitan language in France in the context of EU language policy
Vítková, Alžběta ; Tomalová, Eliška (advisor) ; Matějka, Ondřej (referee)
This bachelor's thesis "Position of Occitan in France in the context of French and European language policy" deals with the problem of Occitan language in France. It aims to answer the research question: What attitude does France take towards regional languages, namely towards Occitan, in national and European legislature context? Considering the specific mention in the Constitution of French being the official language of French Republic, this paper follows the hypothesis that the position of Occitan is not strong and stable, and this language is systematically being sidelined. Therefore, the first part of this thesis presents Occitan as the subject of research. At first, the terminology is defined as it plays an important part in language policy discussions. After that, the overall linguistic situation in France is introduced taking into consideration its immense linguistic diversity. Then, Occitan as one of the regional languages of France is presented along with its linguistic, geographic and historical specifics. The second part of the thesis analyzes legal measures taken by the French Republic that regulate use and position of regional languages. Thereafter, the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages is examined including the French approach and discussions about its...
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