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Synthesis and evaluation of potential antifungal agents
Straková, Jana ; Krátký, Martin (advisor) ; Novotná, Eva (referee)
Mycotic systemic infection is often very severe, whether due to patient immunodeficiency, the side effects of available antifungal agents, or clinical or drug resistance. Emphasis should therefore be placed on the timely determination of the correct diagnosis, appropriate indications of current drugs, and especially the development of new antifungal agents (ATM). The core of all synthesized compounds is the molecule of itaconic acid (IA) or its anhydride. The starting molecule was chosen based on its broad spectrum of biological activities, including antibacterial and antifungal activities. The aim was to create ten monoamides using a one-step synthesis of IA anhydride with the appropriate chlorinated aniline. These monoamides were then cyclized to form ten imides. The yields of the reactions to form the monoamides were high, with two exceptions (24% and 31%), and were generally above 80%. The yields of the reactions to form the imides were lower, ranging from 29% to 86%. The antimicrobial activity was tested using the broth microdilution method for all imides and most monoamides. All compounds were ineffective against gram-negative bacteria, and very low activity against gram-positive bacteria was shown by the compounds 1-(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)-3-methylene-2,5-pyrrolidinedione,...
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School Readiness: Beliefs about Preparing Children for Transition from Pre-primary to Primary Education in China
Cui, Shujing ; Greger, David (advisor) ; Straková, Jana (referee) ; Tesar, Marek (referee)
A smooth transition to primary school is positively related to children's later school experience. Continuity among family, Early Childhood Education and Care, and primary school is conducive to successful transition to school. Certain parental school- readiness beliefs and parenting styles, among other factors, contribute to the smoothness of this transition. Therefore, this study compared the school readiness beliefs among Chinese parents, kindergarten teachers and first grade teachers, based on samples drawn from Chongqing, China. 1204 Chinese parents, 245 kindergarten teachers and 133 primary school teachers participated in the current study. Using multi- group confirmatory factor analysis for checking the measurement invariance, this study revealed that kindergarten teachers valued social-emotional competence more than parents. And kindergarten teachers rated items about social-emotional competence significantly higher than primary school teachers did. Besides, this study adopted latent profile analysis to examine the patterns of Chinese parents' school-readiness beliefs. Three profiles were identified: (1) very strong overall emphasis and slightly less academic-oriented; (2) moderate overall emphasis and less academic-oriented; (3) no emphasis and more academic-oriented. Higher socioeconomic...
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Delimitation and map representation of primary schools' catchment areas: discussion of topic and possibilities of using GIS
Úlehla, Vojtěch ; Netrdová, Pavlína (advisor) ; Straková, Jana (referee)
The diploma thesis is aimed at the issue of delimitation the primary schools' catchment areas (PSCA). It follows on from the bachelor's thesis, in which a map representation and evaluation of the current delimitation of PSCA in the territory of Prague 3 Municipal District was realized. The diploma thesis deals with this topic in more depth from a theoretical-conceptual point of view, it describes the discussion of approaches to the distribution of children into primary schools during compulsory school attendance and the parental school choice in various countries, as well as diverse aspects that influence the delimitation of PSCA in Czechia. The focus of the thesis is the methodological part, the aim is to discuss available data sources related to the topic suitable for work in the environment of geographic information systems (GIS) and possible map representations of PSCA. An important part is dedicated to the proposal for the delimitation of PSCA using GIS as an allocation analysis. Everything is illustrated using the example of the Czech capital city, Prague, the current delimitation is compared with the proposal, and the appropriateness of current delimitation of PSCA is evaluated. Keywords: catchment area, primary school, Prague, map representation, geographic information systems, allocation...
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Middle-class choice of selective schools and classes at the elementary school level
Smith Slámová, Radka ; Straková, Jana (advisor) ; Šeďová, Klára (referee) ; Veselý, Arnošt (referee)
Middle-class choice of selective schools and classes at the elementary school level Radka Smith Slámová ABSTRACT Fear of downward mobility has led middle-class parents to seek new strategies that enable them to achieve social reproduction through formal schooling. In the Czech educational context, middle- class parents' school choice strategies as their child enters the increasingly diversified elementary school level have not been explored. The dissertation aims to detail why middle-class parents in various contexts across the country consider choosing a selective school/track. Drawing on the grounded theory research design and 28 in-depth interviews, I depict middle-class parents' circumstances, assumptions, and perceptions surrounding the choice of a selective school/track in the public school system. The results revealed that parents' choices were primarily informed by their negative view of a typical Czech school - a view constructed in the light of their memories of their own schooling, "hot" knowledge from their parental networks, their own child-rearing convictions, and experiences with their child's preschool institutions. The parents expected that their family's supposed incongruence with the environment of public schools would disadvantage their child in a typical elementary school, despite them...
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Students at Risk of Dropout in Upper Secondary Professional and Vocational Education
Příhodová, Vladimíra ; Dvořák, Dominik (advisor) ; Straková, Jana (referee)
The thesis is primarily focused on the study of professional/vocational upper secondary school students who are at risk of incomplete education. The introductory part of the text describes the school in which they study, and possible general reasons for leaving, such as absenteeism and failure in final exams. The empirical part of the thesis presents the case studies of students with increased risk of drop-out during their studies at a professional upper secondary school within the framework of qualitative research. The results show several factors, which can influence the student's educational trajectory, including a good choice of school and real teacher's interest in the students. This thesis also presents findings about distance learning in the time of covid- 19 and its effect on the case students. KEYWORDS professional and vocational school, dropout, on-line learning, covid-19 pandemic
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Alternative class in a public school
Janďourková, Zuzana ; Straková, Jana (advisor) ; Dvořák, Dominik (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to examine the founding principles and function of two alternative classes in two public schools in small towns. These conditions are analysed in context of differentiation of primary school and potential impact of alternative classes in public schools on equal chances. The first chapter will briefly describe common features of alternative schools, and I will list the characteristics of some alternative movements in the Czech Republic. I will then focus in more detail on the 'Step by Step' programme, which is used in one of the schools I examine, and its bases. The second school in my study follows a programme stemming from this, which is also influenced by 'Natural schools' and other alternative methods. The next chapter of this thesis will look at the differences and unequal access to education. The empirical section of this thesis presents two case studies of alternative classes in public schools. For the purposes of this study, a qualitative method has been applied. I try to find out the reasons for establishment of these classes and refusal of the classic education by observing the classes during teaching, and through interviews with all participants. I focus on the admission process of pupils to these classes and whether the conditions of the studies in these classes...
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What the reading corners in nursery schools look like and for which activities are they used? Case studies
Šupová, Jaroslava ; Laufková, Veronika (advisor) ; Straková, Jana (referee)
This bachelor's thesis addresses the subject of reading corners in nursery schools. Its objective is to describe four chosen reading corners, including the activities conducted within them, propose modifications that could enhance these corners, and highlight discoveries that may inspire other educators. The theoretical section provides an overview of the concept of preliteracy and presents information and recommendations on the establishment of reading corners, their placement, furnishings, and activities. The practical section adopts a qualitative research approach, specifically a descriptive multiple-case study, employing interviews with teachers and children, observations, and analysis of books and materials as data collection methods. Utilizing the gathered data, comprehensive descriptions of the reading corners in the four visited classrooms were developed, upon which suggestions for improving these areas were proposed, and exemplary instances of practice were emphasized. Although each classroom has its own distinct characteristics, it can be summarized that all reading corners are situated in a room corner, well-lit, and furnished with comfortable seating. Generally, books are stored with the spine facing outward and are only categorized based on whether the children can retrieve them...
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Impacts of distance learning on education in the field of chef-waiter
Poustecká, Petra ; Straková, Jana (advisor) ; Dvořák, Dominik (referee)
TITLE: Impacts of distance learning on education in the field of chef- waiter ABSTRACT Diplom thesis deals with the distance learning of the practical training on the secondary vocational schools in the extraordinary epidemiological time between year 2020 - 2021. Thesis responds to the situation in the Czech schools during the Covid 19 pandemic, when it was introduced the online learning not only in the Elementary and High Schools but also at the Universities. The reason for that was the limitation of spreading the disease. Thesis has two parts, the theoretical part and the practical part. In the theoretical part are described the anti - epidemic measures, which have been put into praxis on the basis of government regulations. Furthermore, the teoretical part sumarizes the results of available research dealing with distance learning. One of the main topics will be focused on the course of the final examinations in the branch chef - waiter, this topic was much discussed because of the absence the educational practice. In the theoretical part, therefore, I also focus on practical training and final exams. In the practical part I focus myself on the teacher's experiences of the practical training in the pandemic time, how was the way of teaching the professional training, which platforms were used during the...
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