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CSL proteins of Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Převorovský, Martin ; Půta, František (advisor) ; Dvořák, Michal (referee) ; Kořínek, Vladimír (referee)
The CSL family of transcription factors is essential for metazoan development,mostly due to their involvement in the Notch signaling pathway. We identified two novel classes of CSL genes in several fungal species, organisms lacking the Notch pathway. We characterized experimentally cbfl I- and cbfl2*, the two CSL genesof Schizosaccharomyces pombe, in order to elucidate the CSL function in fungi. We provide evidence supportingtheir identiý as genuine CSL genes.Both cbfll- and cbfl2- are non-essential; they have distinct expression profiles and code for nuclear proteins with transcription activation potential. Significantly, we demonstratedthat Cbfl1 recognizesspecifically the canonical CSL response element GTGA/6GAA in vitro. The deletion of cbfLt_ is associated with growth phenoýpes and altered colony morphology. Furthermore, we found that Cbfl I and CbfIZ play opposite roles in cell adhesion, nuclear and cell division and their coordination. Disturbed balance of the two CSL proteins leads to cell separationdefects,cut phenotype, and high-frequency diploidization. Our data show that CSL proteins operate in an organism predating the Notch pathway, which should be of relevance to the understandingof (Notch- independent)CSL functions in metazoans.
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Low-latency AES encryption for High-Frequency Trading on FPGA
Cíbik, Peter ; Růžek, Michal ; Dvořák, Milan
This paper presents a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) powered low–latency solution for secure communication with the stock exchange. It presents architecture design and optimization techniques used to ensure the required security level without impacting the latency, which is the most critical domain in High-Frequency Trading (HFT). The National Stock Exchange of India (NSE) chose Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) with 256 bit key length in Galoise-Counter Mode (GCM) as the encryption algorithm for Non-NEAT Front End (NNF) connections.
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Reconstruction of ultrafast spin currents using terahertz spectroscopy
Dvořák, Matěj ; Nádvorník, Lukáš (advisor) ; Leiviskä, Miina (referee)
We describe a method by which it is possible to find the dynamics of a spin current in a spintronic terahertz emitter or other emitters derived from it. This method takes an ex- perimental emission measurement from time-domain terahertz spectroscopy and removes the effects of the experimental setup, providing direct access to studying phenomena in the emitter. We implement it by simulating the process of optical rectification in a nonlinear crystal and measuring reference signals for a variety of emitters and setups. The transfer functions thus obtained for different emitters have good agreement among themselves and with theory, though the process is sensitive to the crystal refractive index. We then use the transfer function to reconstruct the dynamics of spin currents in two spintronic emitters, finding good agreement with previous measurements. We can discern multiple stages of the current dynamics: a sharp rise and fall, a dip into negative values and a slow relaxation. For further measurements, we recommend the use of thin crystals as references and detectors and the use of a dry air atmosphere, and we provide a Python script that automates the method.
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Design of Communal Car
Dvořák, Michal ; Jelenčík, Branislav (referee) ; John, David (advisor)
The market for municipal carriers is showing potential with the advent of new technologies, especially in the way of propulsion. These changes may affect the design and concept of the carrier itself. The topic of this diploma thesis is the design of a communal carrier for implements. The aim of the text is to guide the reader through the course and result of the work. the work is the design of a utility carrier for the terrain, using an electric drive. The work deals with technical, ergonomic, shape, color and material solutions. The cabin of the carrier is designed in such a way that it allows a wide view when working, and the appearance of the carrier is, thanks to the minimalistic approach to design, a unique and distinctive character of electromobility.
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Life cycle assessment methods for BEV and PHEV batteries
Dvořák, Matouš ; Pokorný, Jan (referee) ; Fišer, Jan (advisor)
Electromobility is a current topic and a way to reduce the carbon footprint not only in personal transport. The operation of an electric car does not have a direct impact on emissions compared to an internal combustion engine car. However, the issue remains the production of the battery, which contains rare metals that are very energy and environmentally demanding to extract. The aim of this thesis is to analyse the energy consumption and emission footprint of the production of different types of batteries. The thesis includes a general introduction to the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method, followed by a chapter on battery design and the classification of batteries according to electrode chemistry. The analysis of LCA studies of batteries shows that the least energy intensive battery in terms of production is the battery with NMC cathode and in terms of emissions it is the battery with LMO cathode. However, the results are strongly influenced by the input data, which are often different in LCA studies, so it is not possible to draw a clear conclusion. Part of the thesis deals with the analysis of the environmental impacts of battery production using different energy mixes and different types of production technologies. The work can serve as a basis for a more detailed investigation of the production part of the battery and for minimizing the environmental impact of this process.
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Efficiency assessment of heat pump
Dvořák, Martin ; Milčák, Pavel (referee) ; Gregorovičová, Eva (advisor)
The brachelor’s thesis focuses on assessing the effectiveness of a heat pump for heating a family house. The theoretical part of the thesis comprehensively discusses the issue of heat pumps, including their ecological contribution. Based on the completed research, a heat pump is chosen in the practical part. Then the energy demand of the building is calculated, on the basis of which the energy evaluation of the proposed system is carried out in individual months. At the end of thesis, a technical-economic comparison with heating with an electric boiler is presented.
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Analysis of deformation of control arm of turbocharger mechanism
Dvořák, Martin ; Vobejda, Radek (referee) ; Šebek, František (advisor)
This thesis is of a development character and foremostly focused on operation of a control arm inside of a turbocharger. The thesis is divided into two crucial parts. The first part is a theoretical introduction where general context, regarding function of turbochargers, is processed. The second one is the deformation analysis of control arm of turbocharger mechanism on which the whole thesis is based. The last part is final optimization. The results show that the deformation is similar when spots with low stress are removed. This fact is a key factor to achieve mass reduction for any part when the deformation stays the same.
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Forensic Odorology
Kosová, Lenka ; Dvořák, Marek (advisor) ; Šelleng, Dalibor (referee)
Forensic odorology Abstract The topic of this thesis is forensic odorology. Attention is paid mainly to the method of olfactory identification, which uses the olfactory abilities of service dogs. This method allows to achieve individual identification of a person and therefore it is currently the only method of odour identification used by law enforcement authorities in criminal investigations and is also recognised as a means of evidence in criminal proceedings. The aim of this thesis is to describe and analyse the method of odour identification, both from a criminalistic and criminal law perspective. The thesis has two sub-objectives. The first sub-objective is to describe, analyse and critically evaluate the procedures used in the securing of scent traces, in the taking of an odour sample of a person and in the comparison. The second sub-objective is an analysis of the legal regulation of the method of odour identification as a means of evidence in criminal proceedings, a critical evaluation of this legal regulation and also an analysis of the court case law concerning the method of odour identification. The research methods used in this thesis are mainly description and analysis. The thesis is divided into four parts. The first part deals with the concept of forensic odorology, its classification within...
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New procedures for autonomous analyses of dried blood spots by capillary electrophoresis
Profousová, Sylvie ; Glatz, Zdeněk (referee) ; Dvořák, Miloš (advisor)
Collection of capillary blood in the form of dry blood spot (DBS) samples on cellulose sampling cards has been popular in clinical analysis for some time. However, in the diagnosis and monitoring of metabolic disorders and diseases, target analytes (e.g. inorganic and organic ions) are examined from blood plasma or serum. Determination of the target analytes from capillary blood or DBS samples is not the standard and reference values are not available due to the different composition of plasma/serum vs. capillary blood. Moreover, DBS sorbents have been found to release several ions into DBS eluates resulting in their contamination and, together with the effect of blood hematocrit and retention of target analytes, can adversely affect the quantitative analysis of DBS samples. For these reasons, this thesis addresses the design of an alternative concept for DBS collection that would eliminate the use of sampling sorbents and ensure the collection of a defined and precise volume of blood. The experimental part focuses on the determination of selected inorganic and organic ions (NH4+, K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl, NO3, NO2, SO42, formate, lactate, and acetate) by capillary electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (CE-C4D) in various DBS samples. All these ions are present in blood at different concentrations and can be simultaneously released as contaminants from the DBS sorbents. A non-porous polypropylene vial was used for the novel sorbentless DBS collection. A small drop of blood of defined volume (e.g. 5 l) was transferred into this vial and then dried directly therein. The selected vial is suitable for both direct DBS elution and DBS eluate analysis and is fully compatible with autosamplers of commercial CE instruments. The proposed concept of the sorbentless blood collection eliminated unwanted contamination and proved suitable for the determination of the tested cations and anions. The stability of anions was generally lower than that of cations but was still significantly better compared to standard DBS sampling sorbents. Determination of some anions appeared to be acceptable only within 0–48 hours after drying of the sorbentless DBS samples (stored at laboratory temperature), as there was a continuous increase in their content. This was probably due to microbial degradation of the blood matrix. It was confirmed that this increase could be slowed down by storing sorbentless DBS samples at low temperatures. Different blood sampling procedures have been proposed for sorbentless DBS collection that are simple, economical, convenient, and repeatable and are therefore suitable for patient-centric blood sampling as well as for sampling in medical centers. This is a basic pilot study applied only to selected analytes that served as model examples, nevertheless, based on this thesis, more extensive scientific studies will follow up to further develop the new concept of sorbentless DBS collection.
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New technologies for biometric recognition based on hand characteristics
Dvořák, Michal ; Jadlovský, Ján (referee) ; Marcialis, Gian Luca (referee) ; Drahanský, Martin (advisor)
Biometrie nám umožňuje identifikovat či verifikovat osoby na základě jejich fyzických vlastností. Přestože identifikace samotná je velmi rychlá, extrakce zvolené biometrie v reálném světě je netriviální problém. Pro snímání většího množství lidí, například na letišti, potřebujeme dosáhnout snímání a rozpoznání v co nejkratším čase, ideálně za chůze uživatele. Tato disertační práce se zabývá vývojem bezdotykového a tedy hygienického biometrického systému, který je schopen provést extrakci identifikačních charakteristik ruky a následně rozpoznat uživatele za běhu. Spolu s tím práce obsahuje další systémy a algoritmy potřebné pro řešení tohoto komplexního problému. Práce prezentuje současný stav výzkumu a vývoje v oblasti biometrické identifikace na základě vybraných charakteristik, se zaměřením na identifikaci pomocí geometrie ruky a otisků prstů. Dále se pak v2nuje technologickým principům využitých pro sběr těchto biometrických charakteristik. Dle disertačních cílů, formulovaných na základě rešerše, se praktická část této práce zabývá vývojem biometrických systémů pro použití k identifikaci velkého množství lidí za běhu, pro které většina současných biometrických systémů založených na charakteristikách ruky nejsou vhodné. Dále pak se práce zabývá souvisejícími problémy, zejména pak detekcí prezentačního útoku a biometrickou multimodalitou.
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