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Primary Calibration of Acoustic Emission Sensors
Keprt, Jiří ; Mazal, Pavel (referee) ; Hájek, Karel (referee) ; Beneš, Petr (advisor)
The aim of the doctoral thesis is the problem of the primary calibration of acoustic emission sensor. In the introductory chapters, there are the results from the study of literature in field of AE and primary calibration of AE sensor summarized. The practical part of the thesis is aimed on realization of the primary calibration of AE sensors by different methods. The standardized methods of step function calibration and reciprocity calibration were practically realized as a part of the research on the same aparature. The method of reciprocity calibration with wideband excitation was practically realized too. The comparison between results from each used method was realized and the influences of the different sources of uncertainty and the different configuration of the calibration aparature on the step function calibration and the reciprocity calibration were determined. The uncertainties were determined for each realized methods. The recommendations for the calibration by the different methods on the available calibration aparature were presented. All the proceses of the reciprocity primary calibration was automated by the programmed software and the channel switcher. The UT 1000 (s.n. 169) by Physical Acoustic Corporation was used as the calibrated sensor for the comparison of the results of the calibrations.
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Initiation and development of cyclic damage in steel for the energy industry
Horník, Vít ; Mazal, Pavel (referee) ; Věchet, Stanislav (advisor)
The main content of this master's thesis is a determination of the fatigue properties by using non-destructive testing methods – the acoustic emission technique and the X-ray diffraction. The reactor steel, that is named GOST 15Ch2NMFA, is used as a model material and is used to manufacture VVER-1000 reactor pressure vessels. The supplied material was made of two different steel melting, designated as H and S. For the basic measurement of the fatigue properties the stress-cycle asymmetry R = -1 was used. Some of the samples were used for approximate determination of the fatigue strength stress-cycle asymmetry R = 0. During the loading process the resonance frequency of the loading machine and acoustic emission signals were recorded. The changes in microstructure were estimated from the record of acoustic emissions during the whole fatigue life. The change of the microstructure was experimentally observed by X-ray diffraction analysis. The mechanism of the fatigue can be described by the observation of the microstructural processes as well as the relevant bifurcation with sufficient sensitivity. The results of the used methods indicate a decay and re-growth of mosaic blocks during the whole loading process. Therefore, it is important to find a correlation of these two non-destructive methods, or to use other non-destructive testing methods in the future.
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Acoustic emission signal classification at cyclic loading of parts
Stein, Pavel ; Mazůrek, Ivan (referee) ; Mazal, Pavel (advisor)
This master’s thesis is concerned analysis of signal of acoustic emission. The analysis is based on data of bearing material and real bearings testing, tested in the Axmat stands. The data was run by software Matlab and Python. Below I created plan for identification of damage stage depending on particular AE events. The results are put into diagram. Finally I’m trying to develop the new possibilities of using acoustic emission into practice on the real machines. There could be earlier prediction of a defect of monitored bearings compared to vibrating diagnostic used until now.
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Influence of Structure Directionality on Fatigue Properties of Formed Al Alloy.
Jíša, David ; Mazal, Pavel (referee) ; Liškutín, Petr (advisor)
The main goal of this diploma thesis is the examination of the influence of structure directionality on fatigue properties of formed aluminium alloy 6082/T6. The main attention is focused on the study of the influence of structure directionality on kinetics of short fatigue cracks growth. The measurement of short fatigue cracks growth was performed on cylindrical samples. The samples were made in two different directions; one parallel with the forming direction and second perpendicular to the forming direction. Servo hydraulic machine MTS 880 was used for the cyclic loading. The samples were cycled at two different constant stress amplitudes. Cyclic loading was systematically interrupted in order to measure the length of short cracks by a light microscope. Tensile tests, measuring of cycling hardening-softening curves, observation of microstructure, observation of surface relief, measuring of microhardness and fractographical analysis of fracture surfaces were used for further examination of the influence of the structure directionality. Some of these measured characteristics did not show any influence of the structure directionality (microhardness, fatigue life curve, Young modulus). In other cases is this influence measurable, however insignificant (yield stress, ultimate stress, cyclic hardening-softening curves and kinetics of short fatigue cracks growth). It can be summarised that the material, though the directionality of its microstructure is apparent, shows relatively isotropic mechanical behaviour.
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Modification of clamping part of the test machine RUMUL Cracktronic 160
Beran, Pavel ; Hutař, Pavel (referee) ; Mazal, Pavel (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the structural design of the chucking jaws for RUMUL Cracktronic 160 testing machine. This apparatus is used in the fatigue laboratory of Institute of Machine Design FME BUT. Simplification, speed improvement and better test sample griping are expected gains of the new clamping system. Solidworks system is used to create 3D model of the jaws. Stress analysis is created by Finite element method in ANSYS Workbench software.
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Reversing cross for flexo printing machine
Falta, Jan ; Mazal, Pavel (referee) ; Brandejs, Jan (advisor)
The aim of this work is to develop a new concept of the reversing cross for flexo printing machine SomaFlex Optima. Work includes a description of the machine, the basic description of the principle of flexography. There is explained the principle of turning the material, the current method of supplying air to the air cushion and the difference between the blower and compressor as an air source for the air cushion. Conceptual solution includes two variants, namely vertical and horizontal position of turning bars. For each alternative are described its advantages and disadvantages.
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Scanning of acoustic emission signal by using waveguides
Bančák, Matej ; Vlašic, František (referee) ; Mazal, Pavel (advisor)
Bachelor thesis is focused on the issue of scanning acoustic emissions from the surface of solid body and scanning with the help of acoustic waveguide placed on the solid body. The work includes the review of the present ways of scanning acoustic emissions, options of installation waveguide and propagation of waves. The practical part is focused on the experiment, which compares measured values from the surface of the test body and from the waveguide. The measurement was realized on steel of the standard quality for using a measuring instrument Dakel Xedo. The next object of this work was try to attenuate the reflected signal, which is produced by the action of force on the test body.
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