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The attitudes of socially excluded families towards education
Hauzerová, Jana ; Straková, Jana (advisor) ; Komárková, Tereza (referee)
THE ATTITUDES OF SOCIALLY EXLUDED FAMILIES TOWARDS EDUCATION Abstract This graduation thesis is concerned with the families living in the localities of social exclusion and with their attitudes towards education. The main purpose of this work is to study attitudes towards education and to design potential solutions to existing problems. The theoretical part of the diploma thesis describes the basic concepts related to the topic, deals with the problems concerning education of people with the social and cultural disadvantage and describes the characteristcs of the locality of social exlusion Náhlov. The practical part is divided into the research part which explores attitudes of Náhlov families towards education and the project part which describes an attempt to solve some of the existing problems.
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Why do primary school children choose multi-year gymnasiums?
Slanařová, Jana ; Greger, David (advisor) ; Straková, Jana (referee)
The Czech educational system offers primary school children the possibility to proceed in the lower-secondary education at a multi-year gymnasium. This bachelor's thesis examines the students' change from a basic school to a multi-year gymnasium and explains the real reasons, why children choose this school type. The theoretical part provides the basic history of the Czech educational system, especially gymnasiums, and familiarizes the reader with research and facts about tracking and ability grouping. In the empirical part, the thesis describes methodological aspects of qualitative research. It analyses reasons why children choose an eight-year gymnasium, what is expected from future studies and what experience these eleven years old children have.
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Current Trends in the Primary Prevention of Risk Behavior in the Czech Republic and Selected EU Countries
Ranková Lukasová, Magdalena ; Straková, Jana (advisor) ; Burešová, Karolína (referee)
The thesis discusses the primary prevention of risk behaviour as it is known in the Czech Republic and in Europe. The theoretical part is trying to comprehensively discuss the issue, however, it does not deal with present only it also charts its historical development. Based on the available literature and on personal experience of the author, there is an overall insight into the school primary prevention. At the beginning, the author tries to clarify the differences in terminology in this country and in Europe, as well as to deal with various forms of risky behaviour, which primary prevention focuses. A large section is devoted to teachers dealing with primary prevention and other participants of prevention such as students and their parents. As an integral part the theory also includes a chapter on specific activities, including examples of good practice especially from abroad, which can be used by school prevention methodologist in their work. The practical part of the thesis aims to propose to school prevention methodologists the right method of creating systematic strategy for primary prevention of risk behaviour phenomena in the school environment. The largest part consists of a model strategy for particular High School, from which it is clear how such a strategy should look like. The model...
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Analysis of teaching materials for teaching media literacy in CR
Vízková, Zuzana ; Dvořák, Dominik (advisor) ; Straková, Jana (referee)
Diploma thesis deals with the content analysis of the only media education textbook, which was published in 2009. This textbook represents a teaching material for secondary school students in the Czech Republic. After the theoretical background of this topic and presentation of the curricular reform of the Czech educational systém in 2007, the work focuses on the content analysis and comparison of the textbook and recommended outputs of the Czech curricular framework. Moreover, it deals with improving core competencies of the students while teaching the media education. The didactic content of the textbook is the most concerned thing. For this kind of research the qualitative content analysis method has been chosen, using the Bloom's taxonomy of the educational goals (primarily a cognitive domain). The analysis deals with the tasks in the textbook, which are given to the students. The result of the research reflects the emphasis on memorizing data, moreover, it shows the trend of simple evaluation which do not consider the previous deeper analysis. This fact is consistent with the opinion of many other curriculum content critics in Czech schools.
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Combining text-based and vision-based semantics
Tran, Binh Giang ; Holub, Martin (advisor) ; Straková, Jana (referee)
Learning and representing semantics is one of the most important tasks that significantly contribute to some growing areas, as successful stories in the recent survey of Turney and Pantel (2010). In this thesis, we present an in- novative (and first) framework for creating a multimodal distributional semantic model from state of the art text-and image-based semantic models. We evaluate this multimodal semantic model on simulating similarity judgements, concept clustering and the newly introduced BLESS benchmark. We also propose an effective algorithm, namely Parameter Estimation, to integrate text- and image- based features in order to have a robust multimodal system. By experiments, we show that our technique is very promising. Across all experiments, our best multimodal model claims the first position. By relatively comparing with other text-based models, we are justified to affirm that our model can stay in the top line with other state of the art models. We explore various types of visual features including SIFT and other color SIFT channels in order to have prelim- inary insights about how computer-vision techniques should be applied in the natural language processing domain. Importantly, in this thesis, we show evi- dences that adding visual features (as the perceptual information coming from...
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Syntax in methods for information retrieval
Straková, Jana
Title: Information Retrieval Using Syntax Information Author: Bc. Jana Kravalová Department: Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics Supervisor: Mgr. Pavel Pecina, Ph.D. Supervisor's e-mail address: pecina@ufal.mff.cuni.cz Abstract: In the last years, application of language modeling in infor- mation retrieval has been studied quite extensively. Although language models of any type can be used with this approach, only traditional n-gram models based on surface word order have been employed and described in published experiments (often only unigram language models). The goal of this thesis is to design, implement, and evaluate (on Czech data) a method which would extend a language model with syntactic information, automatically obtained from documents and queries. We attempt to incorporate syntactic information into language models and experimentally compare this approach with uni- gram and bigram model based on surface word order. We also empirically compare methods for smoothing, stemming and lemmatization, effectiveness of using stopwords and pseudo relevance feedback. We perform a detailed ana- lysis of these retrieval methods and describe their performance in detail. Keywords: information retrieval, language modelling, depenency syntax, smo- othing
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Inquiry methods in educational area Man and his world: Seeds, fruit and young plants
Nikrýnová, Alena ; Stará, Jana (advisor) ; Straková, Jana (referee)
This diploma work deals with the issues of inquiry methods of teaching at primary schools. The theoretical part provides some reflections on contributions and limits of inquiry methods and defines basic inquiry skills. Activities concerning the theme "seeds, fruit, young plants" for the pupils of the 1.-4.grade are suggested in the practical part. Nine of them were tried out in classes. The results of the action research are summarized in the conclusion. They are related to these research questions: 1. How to adjust inquiry activities in a suitable way for their use in the given classes at primary schools? 2. How do children react to this work style? 3. What demands does this work style make on teachers? 4. What problems concerning partial inquiry skills could emerge? How to continue working at them?
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Professional orientation of pupils attending special elementary school
Bělová, Iva ; Straková, Jana (advisor) ; Tvrzová, Ivana (referee)
This diploma thesis approaches the development of an idea that mentally challenged pupils form about their future employment and introduces aspects that are involved in such process. This is applied to all ages of students with mild mental disability who attend the Primary Special School in Chabařovice. Another goal is to cover the level and the rate of success of pre-vocational training at this school. The thesis is divided into two parts. The theoretical part deals with the explanation of the term mental retardation, etiology and classification of mental disability, education of students with mild mental disabilities, their training and application of these young people with such handicap on the labor market. The empirical research focuses on the development of ideas of these children about their future professional career and highlights the aspects that affect the development during their school years.
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Employment rate of students of 2nd University degree in FF UK
Lukešová, Jitka ; Straková, Jana (advisor) ; Koťa, Jaroslav (referee)
The thesis deals with the employment issues of students studying the master's degree programme at Faculty of Arts at Charles University. Theoretical part of the thesis deals with main questions related to university education such as the system of university education, financial sources of university education, financial activities of the students, social inequality in university education and reform of university education. Practical part of the thesis contains description of research method and its application. Main research method is a questionnaire, prepared for students studying the master programme of Faculty of Arts at Charles University. The final chapter contains results and conclusion of the research. Keywords Employment issues of students, university education system, reformation of the university education
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Differences in spending leisure time of children living in the country and in the town
Svobodová, Markéta ; Pelikán, Jiří (advisor) ; Straková, Jana (referee)
1 Summary: At present our society faces the fact that children have been losing interest in activities that do not generate an immediate result and their free time is spent primarily passive. Overall values in society have changed. To obtain the various resources, experiences, property, we prefer the easier way to the effort and perseverance. Therefore we cannot value our own personality and know ourselves. Probably that is why current society is called consumer. This study consists of two parts - the theoretical and the empirical part. The study deals with the relation between physiological and psychological development of children, influence of environment and the use of free time. It detects options and ability of pubescent children living in the city and in the country to use leisure time offer. It also examines how much the place of living influences the way of spending their free time. The main objective is to find differences in the use of free time due to specific life in the city and in the country. Some problems in relation to the free time are also mentioned, e.g. specifics of life in the satellite towns, some sociopathological phenomena (crime, drug addiction or vandalism). The empirical part describes and summarises the entire procedure, the creation of non- standard questionnaire and its...
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